Description
Travel & Tourism is an important economic activity in most countries around the world. As well as its direct economic impact, the sector has significant indirect and induced impacts. The UN Statistics Division-approved Tourism Satellite Accounting methodology (TSA:RMF 2008) quantifies only the direct contribution of Travel & Tourism.
The Authority on World Travel & Tourism
Travel
& Tourism
ECONOMIC IMPACT 2015
EGYPT
For more information, please contact:
Rochelle Turner
Head of Research
[email protected]
©2015 World Travel & Tourism Council
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015
The World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC) is the global authority on the
economic and social contribution of Travel & Tourism. WTTC promotes
sustainable growth for the sector, working with governments and international
institutions to create jobs, to drive exports and to generate prosperity.
Travel & Tourism’s impact on the economic and social development of a country can be enormous; opening
it up for business, trade and capital investment, creating jobs and entrepreneurialism for the workforce and
protecting heritage and cultural values. To fully understand its impact, however, governments, policy makers
and businesses around the world require accurate and reliable data on the impact of the sector. Data is
needed to help assess policies that govern future industry development and to provide knowledge to help
guide successful and sustainable Travel & Tourism investment decisions.
For 25 years, WTTC has been quantifying the economic impact of Travel & Tourism. This year, the 2015
Annual Economic Reports cover 184 countries and 25 regions of the world, including, for the ?rst time,
the Paci?c Alliance.
Travel & Tourism generated US$7.6 trillion (10% of global GDP) and 277 million jobs (1 in 11 jobs) for the
global economy in 2014. Recent years have seen Travel & Tourism growing at a faster rate than both the
wider economy and other signi?cant sectors such as automotive, ?nancial services and health care. Last year
was no exception. International tourist arrivals also surged, reaching nearly 1.14billion and visitor spending
more than matched that growth. Visitors from emerging economies now represent a 46% share of these
international arrivals (up from 38% in 2000), proving the growth and increased opportunities for travel from
those in these new markets.
The sector faces challenges every year and this year is likely to be no different. The weakness and potential
volatility of many currencies against the US dollar and a deep recession in Russia, a key outbound market,
will slow outbound spending in line with slower world trade overall in 2015. However, falling oil prices will
bring signi?cant improvements for net oil importers in 2015, easing upward pressure on living costs, increasing
disposable household incomes and domestic consumer spending, and lowering air fares. As a result, Travel &
Tourism expansion is forecast to continue at a stronger rate than last year, with the total contribution to GDP
expected to increase by 3.7%. New destinations and investment opportunities will also continue to emerge
as tourism becomes increasingly affordable across the developing world. This growth will require countries
to adopt a concerted and coordinated approach to talent planning and development between their industry,
governments and educational institutions to ensure they ful?l their potential in the years ahead.
WTTC is proud to continue to provide this clear and empirical data in order to help both public and private
bodies make the right decisions for the future growth of a sustainable Travel & Tourism sector.
David Scowsill
President & CEO
WTTC
Foreword
Foreword
2015 Annual Research: Key Facts ...............................................1
De?ning the Economic Contribution of Travel & Tourism .............2
Travel & Tourism’s Contribution to GDP .......................................3
Travel & Tourism’s Contribution to Employment ..........................4
Visitor Exports and Investment ....................................................5
Different Components of Travel & Tourism ...................................6
Country Rankings: Absolute Contribution, 2014 ..........................7
Country Rankings: Relative Contribution, 2014 ...........................8
Country Rankings: Real Growth, 2015 .........................................9
Country Rankings: Long Term Growth, 2015-2025 ....................10
Summary Tables: Estimates & Forecasts ...................................11
The Economic Contribution of Travel & Tourism:
Real 2014 Prices ........................................................................12
The Economic Contribution of Travel & Tourism:
Nominal Prices ...........................................................................13
The Economic Contribution of Travel & Tourism: Growth ..........14
Glossary .....................................................................................15
Methodological Note ..................................................................16
Regions, Sub-regions, Countries ...............................................17
USE OF MATERIAL IS AUTHORISED, PROVIDED SOURCE IS ACKNOWLEDGED
Harlequin Building, 65 Southwark Street, London, SE1 0HR, UK Tel: +44 (0)20 7481 8007 Email: [email protected] www.wttc.org
The Economic Impact of Travel & Tourism 2015
Contents
1
All values are in constant 2014 prices & exchange rates
= Total contribution of Travel & Tourism
Egypt
2015 ANNUAL RESEARCH: KEY FACTS
2015
forecast
EMPLOYMENT: DIRECT CONTRIBUTION
EMPLOYMENT: TOTAL CONTRIBUTION
VISITOR EXPORTS
INVESTMENT
WORLD RANKING (OUT OF 184 COUNTRIES):
Relative importance of Travel & Tourism's total contribution to GDP
31
ABSOLUTE
Size in 2014
61
Contribution to GDP in 2014
RELATIVE SIZE
108
GROWTH
2015 forecast
Total Contribution of
Travel & Tourism to GDP
Breakdown of Travel & Tourism's Total
Contribution to GDP and Employment 2014
2014 EGPbn
GDP (2014 EGPbn)
Direct Indirect Induced
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WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015 1
The direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP was EGP117.2bn (5.9% of total GDP) in
2014, and is forecast to rise by 3.2% in 2015, and to rise by 4.5% pa, from 2015-2025, to
EGP187.7bn (5.6% of total GDP) in 2025.
The total contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP was EGP255.0bn (12.8% of GDP) in 2014,
and is forecast to rise by 2.9% in 2015, and to rise by 4.7% pa to EGP413.2bn (12.4% of GDP) in
2025.
In 2014 Travel & Tourism directly supported 1,322,500 jobs (5.2% of total employment). This is
expected to rise by 5.4% in 2015 and rise by 2.0% pa to 1,708,000 jobs (5.3% of total
employment) in 2025.
In 2014, the total contribution of Travel & Tourism to employment, including jobs indirectly
Visitor exports generated EGP59.6bn (17.4% of total exports) in 2014. This is forecast to grow
by 3.5% in 2015, and grow by 4.2% pa, from 2015-2025, to EGP93.5bn in 2025 (15.5% of total).
Travel & Tourism investment in 2014 was EGP30.6bn, or 11.2% of total investment. It should
rise by 1.4% in 2015, and rise by 5.1% pa over the next ten years to EGP50.8bn in 2025 (11.2%
of total).
2
0
2
5
GDP: DIRECT CONTRIBUTION
GDP: TOTAL CONTRIBUTION
supported by the industry, was 11.6% of total employment (2,944,000 jobs). This is expected to
rise by 4.3% in 2015 to 3,071,500 jobs and rise by 2.1% pa to 3,790,000 jobs in 2025 (11.7% of
total).
63
LONG-TERM GROWTH
Forecast 2015-2025
1
53
84
117
1,323
944
677
?
?
?
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015
2
Defining the economic
contribution of Travel & Tourism
Travel & Tourism is an important economic activity in most countries around the world. As well as its direct economic
impact, the sector has significant indirect and induced impacts. The UN Statistics Division-approved Tourism Satellite
Accounting methodology (TSA:RMF 2008) quantifies only the direct contribution of Travel & Tourism. WTTC recognises
that Travel & Tourism's total contribution is much greater however, and aims to capture its indirect and induced
impacts through its annual research.
DIRECT CONTRIBUTION
The direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP reflects the ‘internal’ spending on Travel & Tourism (total spending
within a particular country on Travel & Tourism by residents and non-residents for business and leisure purposes) as
well as government 'individual' spending - spending by government on Travel & Tourism services directly linked to
visitors, such as cultural (eg museums) or recreational (eg national parks).
The direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP is calculated to be consistent with the output, as expressed in
National Accounting, of tourism-characteristic sectors such as hotels, airlines, airports, travel agents and leisure
and recreation services that deal directly with tourists.The direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP is calculated
from total internal spending by ‘netting out’ the purchases made by the different tourism industries. This measure is
consistent with the definition of Tourism GDP, specified in the 2008 Tourism Satellite Account: Recommended
Methodological Framework (TSA: RMF 2008).
TOTAL CONTRIBUTION
The total contribution of Travel & Tourism includes its ‘wider impacts’ (ie the indirect and induced impacts) on the economy.
The ‘indirect’ contribution includes the GDP and jobs supported by:
Travel & Tourism investment spending – an important aspect of both current and future activity that includes
investment activity such as the purchase of new aircraft and construction of new hotels;
Government 'collective' spending, which helps Travel & Tourism activity in many different ways as it is made on
behalf of the ‘community at large’ – eg tourism marketing and promotion, aviation,
administration, security services, resort area security services, resort area sanitation services, etc;
Domestic purchases of goods and services by the sectors dealing directly with tourists - including, for example,
purchases of food and cleaning services by hotels, of fuel and catering services by airlines, and IT services by
travel agents.
The ‘induced’ contribution measures the GDP and jobs supported by the spending of those who are directly or indirectly
employed by the Travel & Tourism sector.
EGYPT: DIRECT CONTRIBUTION OF TRAVEL & TOURISM TO GDP
EGYPT: TOTAL CONTRIBUTION OF TRAVEL & TOURISM TO GDP
1
All values are in constant 2014 prices & exchange rates
3
Travel & Tourism's
contribution to GDP
1
The direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP in 2014 was EGP117.2bn (5.9% of GDP). This is forecast to rise
by 3.2% to EGP120.9bn in 2015.This primarily reflects the economic activity generated by industries
such as hotels, travel agents, airlines and other passenger transportation services (excluding commuter
services). But it also includes, for example, the activities of the restaurant and leisure industries directly supported
The direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP is expected to grow by 4.5% pa to EGP187.7bn (5.6% of GDP)
by 2025.
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Constant 2014 EGPbn
% of whole economy GDP
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induced income impacts, see page 2) was EGP255.0bn in 2014 (12.8% of GDP) and is expected to grow by
2.9% to EGP262.3bn (12.7% of GDP) in 2015.
It is forecast to rise by 4.7% pa to EGP413.2bn by 2025 (12.4% of GDP).
Constant 2014 EGPbn
Direct Indirect Induced
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2014 2015 2025
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2014 2015 2025
2025
% of whole economy GDP
Direct Indirect Induced
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015
The total contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP (including wider effects from investment, the supply chain and
EGYPT: DIRECT CONTRIBUTION OF TRAVEL & TOURISM TO EMPLOYMENT
EGYPT: TOTAL CONTRIBUTION OF TRAVEL & TOURISM TO EMPLOYMENT
4
Travel & Tourism generated 1,322,500 jobs directly in 2014 (5.2% of total employment) and this is forecast to
grow by 5.4% in 2015 to 1,394,500 (5.4% of total employment).
This includes employment by hotels, travel agents, airlines and other passenger transportation services
(excluding commuter services). It also includes, for example, the activities of the restaurant and leisure industries
directly supported by tourists.
By 2025, Travel & Tourism will account for 1,708,000 jobs directly, an increase of 2.0% pa over the next ten
years.
0.0
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% of whole economy employment
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The total contribution of Travel & Tourism to employment (including wider effects from investment, the supply
By 2025, Travel & Tourism is forecast to support 3,790,000 jobs (11.7% of total employment), an increase of
2.1% pa over the period.
'000 jobs
Direct Indirect Induced
0.0
500.0
1,000.0
1,500.0
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2014 2015 2025
2025
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2014 2015 2025 2025
% of whole economy employment
Direct Indirect Induced
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015
Travel & Tourism's
contribution to employment
chain and induced income impacts, see page 2) was 2,944,000 jobs in 2014 (11.6% of total employment). This is
forecast to rise by 4.3% in 2015 to 3,071,500 jobs (11.8% of total employment).
2
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VISITOR EXPORTS
EGYPT: VISITOR EXPORTS AND INTERNATIONAL TOURIST ARRIVALS
INVESTMENT
EGYPT: CAPITAL INVESTMENT IN TRAVEL & TOURISM
1
All values are in constant 2014 prices & exchange rates
5
Visitor Exports and Investment
1
Money spent by foreign visitors to a country (or visitor exports) is a key component of the direct contribution of
Travel & Tourism. In 2014, Egypt generated EGP59.6bn in visitor exports.
In 2015, this is expected to grow by 3.5%, and the country is expected to attract 10,504,000 international tourist
arrivals.
By 2025, international tourist arrivals are forecast to total 15,473,000, generating expenditure of EGP93.5bn, an
increase of 4.2% pa.
Constant 2014 EGPbn
Foreign visitor exports as % of total exports
0.0
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Travel & Tourism is expected to have attracted capital investment of EGP30.6bn in 2014. This is expected to rise
by 1.4% in 2015, and rise by 5.1% pa over the next ten years to EGP50.8bn in 2025.
Travel & Tourism’s share of total national investment will rise from 11.0% in 2015 to 11.2% in 2025.
Constant 2014 EGPbn
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% of whole economy GDP
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015
mn
Foreign tourist arrivals (RHS)
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Foreign visitor exports (LHS)
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Leisure spending
Business spending
Foreign visitor spending
Domestic spending
Direct
Induced
Indirect
16.3%
11.5%
5.3%
1
All values are in constant 2014 prices & exchange rates
(b) Investment
72.0%
28.0%
35.9%
64.1%
(c) Government collective
46.0%
20.9%
33.1%
Indirect is the sum of:
(a) Supply chain
6
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015
Different components of
Travel & Tourism
1
Egypt
Travel & Tourism's Contribution to GDP:
Business vs Leisure, 2014 Leisure travel spending (inbound and domestic)
generated 72.0% of direct Travel & Tourism GDP
in 2014 (EGP119.8bn) compared with 28.0% for
business travel spending (EGP46.5bn).
Business travel spending is expected to grow by
4.0% in 2015 to EGP48.4bn, and rise by 4.4% pa
to EGP74.3bn in 2025.
Leisure travel spending is expected to grow by
3.0% in 2015 to EGP123.4bn, and rise by 4.5% pa
to EGP192.1bn in 2025.
Egypt
Domestic vs Foreign, 2014
Travel & Tourism's Contribution to GDP:
Domestic travel spending generated 64.1% of
direct Travel & Tourism GDP in 2014 compared
with 35.9% for visitor exports (ie foreign visitor
spending or international tourism receipts).
Domestic travel spending is expected to grow by
3.1% in 2015 to EGP110.1bn, and rise by 4.6% pa
to EGP172.9bn in 2025.
Visitor exports are expected to grow by 3.5% in
2015 to EGP61.7bn, and rise by 4.2% pa to
EGP93.5bn in 2025.
a
b
c
Egypt
Breakdown of Travel & Tourism's Total Contribution to GDP, 2014
The Travel & Tourism industry contributes to GDP
and employment in many ways as detailed on
page 2.
The total contribution of Travel & Tourism to
GDP is twice as large as its direct contribution.
2014 2014
(US$bn) (US$bn)
7 Italy 87.9 7 Italy 216.7
13 Turkey 37.6 14 Turkey 95.8
World Average 19.4 World Average 58.3
24 Saudi Arabia 18.2 21 Saudi Arabia 58.1
27 Egypt 16.5 29 Greece 39.1
28 Greece 15.8 31 Egypt 36.0
42 Morocco 8.6 46 Israel 22.2
51 Israel 6.6 49 Morocco 19.1
61 Tunisia 3.6 63 Lebanon 9.8
62 Lebanon 3.5 71 Tunisia 7.4
84 Sudan 1.9 Africa Average 4.2
Africa Average 1.8 90 Sudan 4.1
2014 2014
'000 jobs '000 jobs
12 Egypt 1322.7 15 Egypt 2944.1
16 Italy 1082.0 18 Italy 2553.0
World Average 827.0 22 Turkey 2130.2
23 Morocco 775.4 World Average 2076.6
28 Saudi Arabia 602.8 25 Morocco 1740.7
29 Turkey 579.8 36 Saudi Arabia 1076.9
42 Greece 340.3 47 Greece 699.9
52 Sudan 248.0 54 Sudan 572.0
56 Tunisia 230.6 62 Tunisia 472.8
Africa Average 184.4 Africa Average 435.8
84 Lebanon 114.0 78 Lebanon 312.9
94 Israel 88.1 91 Israel 275.1
2014 2014
(US$bn) (US$bn)
8 Saudi Arabia 24.6 8 Italy 46.3
12 Turkey 15.7 11 Turkey 37.4
15 Italy 12.2 25 Greece 17.0
World Average 4.5 35 Saudi Arabia 9.1
34 Egypt 4.3 37 Egypt 8.4
37 Morocco 3.8 38 Morocco 8.1
38 Greece 3.7 World Average 7.5
50 Israel 2.5 45 Lebanon 7.0
60 Lebanon 1.3 46 Israel 6.7
70 Tunisia 0.8 62 Tunisia 3.0
Africa Average 0.6 Africa Average 1.1
110 Sudan 0.3 106 Sudan 1.0
Travel & Tourism's Direct Travel & Tourism's Total
Contribution to GDP Contribution to GDP
Travel & Tourism's Direct Travel & Tourism's Total
The tables on pages 7-10 provide provide brief extracts from the full WTTC Country League Table Rankings, highlighting comparisons with
competing destinations as well as with the world and regional average.
The competing destinations selected are those that offer a similar tourism product and compete for tourists from the same set of origin markets.
These tend to be, but are not exclusively, geographical neighbours.
Contribution to Employment Contribution to Employment
Travel & Tourism Visitor
Capital Investment Exports
7
Country rankings:
Absolute contribution,
2014
7
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015
Averages in above tables are simple cross-country averages.
2014 2014
% share % share
28 Morocco 8.1 32 Lebanon 21.1
30 Lebanon 7.6 39 Morocco 17.9
33 Tunisia 7.4 41 Greece 17.3
36 Greece 7.0 48 Tunisia 15.2
47 Egypt 5.9 61 Egypt 12.8
63 Turkey 4.7 67 Turkey 12.0
73 Italy 4.1 84 Italy 10.1
Africa 3.4 World 9.8
101 Sudan 3.1 Africa 8.1
World 3.1 116 Saudi Arabia 7.7
128 Saudi Arabia 2.4 119 Israel 7.3
139 Israel 2.2 133 Sudan 6.7
2014 2014
% share % share
24 Greece 9.4 31 Lebanon 20.3
32 Lebanon 7.4 34 Greece 19.4
35 Morocco 7.1 45 Morocco 16.0
36 Tunisia 6.8 54 Tunisia 13.9
42 Saudi Arabia 6.2 67 Egypt 11.6
54 Egypt 5.2 69 Italy 11.4
61 Italy 4.8 71 Saudi Arabia 11.1
World 3.6 World 9.4
Africa 3.0 107 Turkey 8.2
124 Israel 2.5 115 Israel 7.8
137 Sudan 2.3 Africa 7.1
139 Turkey 2.2 151 Sudan 5.4
2014 2014
% share % share
30 Greece 13.7 15 Sudan 55.2
32 Saudi Arabia 13.6 41 Lebanon 27.8
38 Morocco 11.7 45 Greece 25.6
40 Egypt 11.2 50 Morocco 21.9
46 Turkey 9.7 62 Egypt 17.4
47 Lebanon 9.6 63 Turkey 16.8
58 Tunisia 8.3 73 Tunisia 14.1
Africa 5.9 Africa 8.0
100 Israel 4.5 100 Italy 7.4
World 4.3 102 Israel 7.2
136 Italy 3.2 World 5.7
170 Sudan 2.0 158 Saudi Arabia 2.4
Travel & Tourism's Direct Travel & Tourism's Total
Contribution to GDP Contribution to GDP
Travel & Tourism's Direct Travel & Tourism's Total
Contribution to Employment Contribution to Employment
Travel & Tourism Investment Visitor Exports
Contribution to Total Capital Investment Contribution to Total Exports
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015
Country rankings:
Relative contribution, 2014
8
2015 2015
% growth % growth
23 Saudi Arabia 6.2 20 Saudi Arabia 6.1
63 Tunisia 4.6 World 3.7
86 Morocco 3.7 81 Tunisia 3.7
Africa 3.7 87 Morocco 3.5
World 3.7 Africa 3.5
89 Greece 3.6 97 Greece 3.2
102 Egypt 3.2 103 Turkey 3.0
120 Turkey 2.8 108 Egypt 2.9
125 Israel 2.6 129 Lebanon 2.4
144 Lebanon 1.8 146 Israel 1.7
145 Italy 1.8 147 Italy 1.7
164 Sudan 0.5 172 Sudan -0.6
2015 2015
% growth % growth
4 Saudi Arabia 7.8 4 Saudi Arabia 7.7
13 Turkey 5.9 28 Egypt 4.3
21 Egypt 5.4 38 Greece 3.9
44 Tunisia 3.8 40 Turkey 3.7
45 Greece 3.8 64 Tunisia 2.7
73 Morocco 2.7 World 2.6
World 2.0 77 Morocco 2.3
106 Italy 1.7 106 Lebanon 1.6
Africa 1.3 112 Italy 1.4
117 Lebanon 1.2 Africa 1.0
148 Israel 0.2 163 Israel -0.8
159 Sudan -0.6 168 Sudan -1.7
2015 2015
% growth % growth
28 Morocco 8.0 28 Tunisia 6.7
61 Tunisia 5.9 33 Greece 6.2
69 Saudi Arabia 5.5 36 Saudi Arabia 6.1
78 Sudan 5.2 53 Morocco 5.2
Africa 4.9 71 Sudan 4.5
World 4.8 Africa 3.7
88 Turkey 4.8 88 Egypt 3.5
116 Greece 3.6 92 Israel 3.3
119 Israel 3.3 94 Turkey 3.2
123 Lebanon 3.2 World 2.8
155 Egypt 1.4 113 Italy 2.5
169 Italy 0.4 146 Lebanon 0.2
Travel & Tourism's Direct Travel & Tourism's Total
Contribution to GDP Contribution to GDP
Travel & Tourism's Direct Travel & Tourism's Total
Contribution to Employment Contribution to Employment
Travel & Tourism Visitor
Investment Exports
Country rankings:
Real growth,
7
2015
9
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015
2015 - 2025 2015 - 2025
% growth pa % growth pa
35 Lebanon 5.6 32 Lebanon 5.7
40 Morocco 5.5 42 Morocco 5.3
Africa 4.9 Africa 4.9
71 Turkey 4.6 63 Egypt 4.7
76 Egypt 4.5 75 Saudi Arabia 4.4
84 Saudi Arabia 4.3 90 Turkey 4.1
95 Israel 4.1 92 Israel 4.1
World 3.9 World 3.8
122 Greece 3.6 110 Greece 3.7
149 Sudan 3.0 144 Sudan 3.0
159 Tunisia 2.7 159 Tunisia 2.7
181 Italy 2.1 182 Italy 1.7
2015 - 2025 2015 - 2025
% growth pa % growth pa
14 Turkey 4.1 16 Saudi Arabia 3.8
22 Saudi Arabia 3.8 42 Lebanon 3.0
40 Lebanon 3.1 52 Greece 2.7
79 Greece 2.4 61 Turkey 2.5
Africa 2.3 Africa 2.3
84 Italy 2.3 World 2.3
99 Egypt 2.0 78 Egypt 2.1
World 2.0 103 Israel 1.8
103 Israel 1.9 109 Morocco 1.7
104 Morocco 1.9 111 Sudan 1.7
120 Sudan 1.6 118 Italy 1.6
160 Tunisia 0.6 166 Tunisia 0.4
2015 - 2025 2015 - 2025
% growth pa % growth pa
28 Sudan 6.1 24 Saudi Arabia 6.1
42 Lebanon 5.6 37 Morocco 5.6
43 Morocco 5.6 52 Turkey 5.1
50 Israel 5.4 Africa 4.7
61 Egypt 5.1 79 Israel 4.5
World 4.6 82 Lebanon 4.4
Africa 4.5 87 Greece 4.2
82 Greece 4.5 88 Egypt 4.2
89 Saudi Arabia 4.3 World 4.2
98 Turkey 4.2 120 Sudan 3.6
152 Tunisia 2.7 166 Tunisia 2.3
171 Italy 2.0 174 Italy 2.0
Travel & Tourism's Direct Travel & Tourism's Total
Contribution to GDP Contribution to GDP
Travel & Tourism's Direct Travel & Tourism's Total
Contribution to Employment Contribution to Employment
Travel & Tourism Investment Visitor Exports
Contribution to Capital Investment Contribution to Exports
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015
Country rankings:
Long term growth,
2015 - 2025
10
2015
Egypt
US$mn % of total Growth
2
US$mn % of total Growth
3
Direct contribution to GDP 16,548.4 5.9 3.2 26,512.6 5.6 4.5
Total contribution to GDP 36,009.9 12.8 2.9 58,359.4 12.4 4.7
Direct contribution to employment
4
1,322.7 5.2 5.4 1,707.9 5.3 2.0
Total contribution to employment
4
2,944.1 11.6 4.3 3,790.0 11.7 2.1
Visitor exports 8,423.2 18.5 3.5 13,204.9 16.4 4.2
Domestic spending 15,071.6 5.3 3.1 24,422.0 5.2 4.6
Leisure spending 16,921.7 4.2 3.0 27,135.3 4.0 4.5
Business spending 6,573.1 1.6 4.0 10,491.6 1.6 4.4
Capital investment 4,319.7 11.2 1.4 7,178.2 11.2 5.1
1
2014 constant prices & exchange rates;
2
2015 real growth adjusted for inflation (%);
3
2015-2025 annualised real growth adjusted for inflation (%);
4
'000 jobs
2015
Africa
US$bn % of total Growth
2
US$bn % of total Growth
3
Direct contribution to GDP 83.3 3.4 3.7 138.8 3.3 4.9
Total contribution to GDP 196.8 8.1 3.5 330.1 7.9 4.9
Direct contribution to employment
4
8,669 3.0 1.3 10,985 2.9 2.3
Total contribution to employment
4
20,481 7.1 1.0 26,022 6.8 2.3
Visitor exports 51.5 8.0 3.7 84.8 7.7 4.7
Domestic spending 86.6 3.6 4.0 145.9 3.5 4.9
Leisure spending 95.9 2.4 3.9 160.9 2.3 4.9
Business spending 42.3 1.0 3.9 69.9 1.0 4.8
Capital investment 29.7 5.9 4.9 48.6 5.5 4.5
1
2014 constant prices & exchange rates;
2
2015 real growth adjusted for inflation (%);
3
2015-2025 annualised real growth adjusted for inflation (%);
4
'000 jobs
2015
Worldwide
US$bn % of total Growth
2
US$bn % of total Growth
3
Direct contribution to GDP 2,364.8 3.1 3.7 3,593.2 3.3 3.9
Total contribution to GDP 7,580.9 9.8 3.7 11,381.9 10.5 3.8
Direct contribution to employment
4
105,408 3.6 2.0 130,694 3.9 2.0
Total contribution to employment
4
276,845 9.4 2.6 356,911 10.7 2.3
Visitor exports 1,383.8 5.7 2.8 2,140.1 5.6 4.2
Domestic spending 3,642.1 4.7 3.7 5,465.0 5.0 3.8
Leisure spending 3,850.2 2.3 3.3 5,928.8 2.5 4.1
Business spending 1,175.7 0.7 4.0 1,679.0 0.7 3.2
Capital investment 814.4 4.3 4.8 1,336.4 4.9 4.6
1
2014 constant prices & exchange rates;
2
2015 real growth adjusted for inflation (%);
3
2015-2025 annualised real growth adjusted for inflation (%);
4
'000 jobs
2014 2014 2025
2014 2014 2025
2014 2014 2025
% of total refers to each indicator's share of the relevant whole economy indicator such as GDP and employment. Visitor exports is shown relative to total exports of goods and
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015 11
Summary tables:
Estimates & Forecasts
1
1
1
1
1
1
Domestic spending is expressed relative to whole economy GDP. For leisure and business spending, their direct contribution to Travel & Tourism GDP is calculated as a share of
whole economy GDP (the sum of these shares equals the direct contribution). Investment is relative to whole economy investment.
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015E 2025F
Domestic expenditure
(includes government individual spending)
3.
Internal tourism consumption
(= 1 + 2 )
4. Purchases by tourism providers,
including imported goods
(supply chain)
5. Direct contribution of
Travel & Tourism to GDP
(= 3 + 4)
Other final impacts
(indirect & induced)
6.
Domestic supply chain
11. Total contribution of
Travel & Tourism to GDP
(= 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10)
Employment impacts ('000)
12.
Other indicators
14. Expenditure on outbound travel
Egypt
(EGPbn, real 2014 prices)
1. Visitor exports 107.3 114.9 73.7 77.9 51.3 59.6 61.7 93.5
2. 94.5 96.4 98.6 105.6 106.9 106.7 110.1 172.9
201.7 211.2 172.3 183.5 158.2 166.4 171.8 266.4
-57.3 -61.1 -50.5 -53.1 -47.3 -49.2 -50.9 -78.7
144.4 150.2 121.8 130.4 110.9 117.2 120.9 187.7
52.4 54.4 44.2 47.3 40.2 42.5 43.8 68.1
7. Capital investment 43.0 43.6 39.0 36.7 30.7 30.6 31.0 50.8
8. Government collective spending 11.6 12.0 12.6 12.8 13.5 13.9 14.4 23.9
9. Imported goods from indirect spending -2.0 -3.9 -2.4 -2.2 -2.7 -2.5 -2.6 -4.1
10. Induced 64.0 66.1 56.1 58.7 50.6 53.3 54.7 86.9
313.4 322.5 271.3 283.7 243.2 255.0 262.3 413.2
1,631.8 1,671.5 1,304.4 1,434.7 1,225.9 1,322.7 1,394.4 1,707.9
Direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to
employment
13.
Total contribution of Travel & Tourism
to employment
3,635.8 3,685.2 2,981.1 3,177.5
27.0 22.6 20.2 21.8 23.3 22.1 22.1 37.1
2,730.2 2,944.1 3,071.5 3,790.0
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015 12
The economic contribution of
Travel & Tourism: Real 2014 prices
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015E 2025F
Domestic expenditure
(includes government individual spending)
3.
Internal tourism consumption
(= 1 + 2 )
4. Purchases by tourism providers,
including imported goods
(supply chain)
5. Direct contribution of
Travel & Tourism to GDP
(= 3 + 4)
Other final impacts
(indirect & induced)
6.
Domestic supply chain
11. Total contribution of
Travel & Tourism to GDP
(= 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10)
Employment impacts ('000)
12.
Other indicators
14. Expenditure on outbound travel
Historical data for concepts has been benchmarked to match reported TSA data where available.
Egypt
(EGPbn, nominal prices)
1. Visitor exports 63.8 75.3 53.9 64.1 46.0 59.6 67.2 182.2
2. 56.2 63.2 72.1 86.9 95.9 106.7 119.8 337.1
120.0 138.4 126.1 150.9 141.8 166.4 187.1 519.3
-34.1 -40.0 -36.9 -43.7 -42.4 -49.2 -55.4 -153.4
42.5 47.7
86.0 98.4 89.1 107.3 99.4 117.2
30.6 33.8
131.7 365.9
31.2 35.7 32.3 38.9 36.0
13.9 15.7
132.7
7. Capital investment 25.6 28.5 28.5 30.2 27.5
-2.5 -2.8
99.1
8. Government collective spending 6.9 7.9 9.2 10.6 12.1
53.3 59.6
46.5
9. Imported goods from indirect spending -1.2 -2.5 -1.7 -1.8 -2.4
285.6 805.4
-8.0
10. Induced 38.1 43.3 41.1 48.3 45.4
1,434.7 1,225.9 1,322.7
169.3
186.5 211.3 198.5 233.4 218.1 255.0
13.
Total contribution of Travel & Tourism
to employment
3,635.8 3,685.2 2,981.1 3,177.5
20.9 22.1 24.1
1,394.4 1,707.9
Direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to
employment
2,730.2
1,631.8 1,671.5 1,304.4
72.4
*Concepts shown in this table align with the standard table totals as described in the 2008 Tourism Satellite Account: Recommended
Methodological Framework (TSA: RMF 2008) developed by the United Nations Statistical Division (UNSD), the Statistical Office
of the European Communities (EUROSTAT), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the World Tourism
Organization (UNWTO).
2,944.1 3,071.5 3,790.0
16.1 14.8 14.8 17.9
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015 13
The economic contribution of
Travel & Tourism: Nominal prices
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015E 2025F
2
Domestic expenditure
(includes government individual spending)
3.
Internal tourism consumption
(= 1 + 2 )
4. Purchases by tourism providers,
including imported goods
(supply chain)
5. Direct contribution of
Travel & Tourism to GDP
(= 3 + 4)
Other final impacts
(indirect & induced)
6.
Domestic supply chain
11. Total contribution of
Travel & Tourism to GDP
(= 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10)
Employment impacts ('000)
12.
Other indicators
14. Expenditure on outbound travel
Egypt
Growth
1
(%)
1. Visitor exports -10.8 7.1 -35.8 5.7 -34.1 16.3 3.5 4.2
2. 9.7 2.0 2.3 7.1 1.2 -0.2 3.1 4.6
-2.2 4.7 -18.3 6.5 -13.7 5.1 3.3 4.5
-4.2 6.6 -17.3 5.2 -10.9 4.0 3.4 4.5
5.7 3.2
-1.5 4.0 -18.9 7.0 -14.9 5.7
-0.4 1.4
3.2 4.5
-1.5 4.0 -18.9 7.0 -14.9
2.5 3.8
4.5
7. Capital investment -13.6 1.2 -10.5 -5.9 -16.3
4.3 3.4
5.1
8. Government collective spending 9.5 3.8 4.8 1.8 5.4
5.4 2.6
5.2
9. Imported goods from indirect spending -1.4 6.5 -15.8 5.3 -9.5
2.9 4.7
4.7
10. Induced 6.2 3.4 -15.2 4.6 -13.8
10.0 -14.6 7.9
4.7
-1.2 2.9 -15.9 4.6 -14.3 4.8
13.
Total contribution of Travel & Tourism
to employment
-3.2 1.4 -19.1 6.6
7.1 -5.5 0.1
5.4 2.0
Direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to
employment
-14.1
-3.7 2.4 -22.0
5.3
1
2009-2014 real annual growth adjusted for inflation (%);
2
2015-2025 annualised real growth adjusted for inflation (%)
7.8 4.3 2.1
-20.7 -16.2 -10.7 7.8
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015
14
The economic contribution of
Travel & Tourism: Growth
15
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015
KEY DEFINITIONS
Travel & Tourism – relates to the activity of travellers on trips
outside their usual environment with a duration of less than one
year. Economic activity related to all aspects of such trips is
measured within the research.
Direct contribution to GDP – GDP generated by industries that
deal directly with tourists, including hotels, travel agents, airlines
and other passenger transport services, as well as the activities of
restaurant and leisure industries that deal directly with tourists. It is
equivalent to total internal Travel & Tourism spending (see below)
within a country less the purchases made by those industries
(including imports). In terms of the UN’s Tourism Satellite Account
methodology it is consistent with total GDP calculated in table 6 of
the TSA: RMF 2008.
Direct contribution to employment – the number of direct jobs
within Travel & Tourism. This is consistent with total employment
calculated in table 7 of the TSA: RMF 2008.
Total contribution to GDP – GDP generated directly by the Travel
& Tourism sector plus its indirect and induced impacts (see below).
Total contribution to employment – the number of jobs
generated directly in the Travel & Tourism sector plus the indirect
and induced contributions (see below).
DIRECT SPENDING IMPACTS
Visitor exports – spending within the country by international
tourists for both business and leisure trips, including spending
on transport, but excluding international spending on education.
This is consistent with total inbound tourism expenditure in
table 1 of the TSA: RMF 2008.
Domestic Travel & Tourism spending – spending within a
country by that country’s residents for both business and leisure
trips. Multi-use consumer durables are not included since they
are not purchased solely for tourism purposes. This is consistent
with total domestic tourism expenditure in table 2 of the TSA: RMF
2008. Outbound spending by residents abroad is not included
here, but is separately identi?ed according to the TSA: RMF 2008
(see below).
Government individual spending – spending by government on
Travel & Tourism services directly linked to visitors, such as cultural
services (eg museums) or recreational services (eg national parks).
Internal tourism consumption – total revenue generated within a
country by industries that deal directly with tourists including visitor
exports, domestic spending and government individual spending.
This does not include spending abroad by residents. This is
consistent with total internal tourism expenditure in table 4 of the
TSA: RMF 2008.
Business Travel & Tourism spending – spending on business
travel within a country by residents and international visitors.
Leisure Travel & Tourism spending – spending on leisure travel
within a country by residents and international visitors.
INDIRECT AND INDUCED IMPACTS
Indirect contribution – the contribution to GDP and jobs of the
following three factors:
• Capital investment – includes capital investment spending
by all industries directly involved in Travel & Tourism. This also
constitutes investment spending by other industries on speci?c
tourism assets such as new visitor accommodation and
passenger transport equipment, as well as restaurants and leisure
facilities for speci?c tourism use. This is consistent with total
tourism gross ?xed capital formation in table 8 of the TSA:
RMF 2008.
• Government collective spending –government spending in
support of general tourism activity. This can include national as
well as regional and local government spending. For example,
it includes tourism promotion, visitor information services,
administrative services and other public services. This is
consistent with total collective tourism consumption in table
9 of TSA: RMF 2008.
• Supply-chain effects – purchases of domestic goods and
services directly by different industries within Travel & Tourism
as inputs to their ?nal tourism output.
Induced contribution – the broader contribution to GDP and
employment of spending by those who are directly or indirectly
employed by Travel & Tourism.
OTHER INDICATORS
Outbound expenditure – spending outside the country by
residents on all trips abroad. This is fully aligned with total outbound
tourism expenditure in table 3 of the TSA: RMF 2008.
Foreign visitor arrivals – the number of arrivals of foreign visitors,
including same-day and overnight visitors (tourists) to the country.
Glossary
16
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015
Methodological note
APEC (ASiA-PACifiC EConomiC CooPErAtion)
Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, China, Hong Kong, Indonesia,
Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Papua New
Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Russian Federation, Singapore, Taiwan,
Thailand, USA, Vietnam.
THE COMMONWEALTH
Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Bahamas, Bangladesh,
Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, Botswana, Brunei, Cameroon,
Canada, Cayman Islands, Cyprus, Dominica, Ghana, Grenada,
Guyana, India, Jamaica, Kenya, Kiribati, Lesotho, Malawi,
Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia,
Nigeria, New Zealand, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Rwanda,
South Africa, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon
Islands, Sri Lanka, St Kitts and Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent and the
Grenadines, Swaziland, Tanzania, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago,
Uganda, UK, British Virgin Islands, Vanuatu, Zambia.
FORMER NETHERLANDS ANTILLES
Bonaire, Curacao, Sint Maarten, Saba and Sint Eustatius.
G20
Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, European Union,
France*, Germany*, India, Indonesia, Italy*, Japan, Mexico,
Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea,
Turkey, UK*, USA.
mEtA (mEditErrAnEAn trAvEl ASSoCiAtion)
Albania, Algeria, Bosnia Herzegovina, Croatia, Cyprus, Egypt,
France, Greece, Israel, Italy, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Macedonia,
Malta, Montenegro, Morocco, Portugal, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain,
Syria, Tunisia, Turkey.
oAS (orGAnizAtion of AmEriCAn StAtES)
Argentina, Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize,
Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba,
Dominican Republic, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada,
Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, St Kitts
and Nevis, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, St Lucia,
St Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago,
USA, Uruguay.
OECD (ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC
Co-oPErAtion And dEvEloPmEnt)
Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Luxembourg,
Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey,
UK, USA.
OTHER OCEANIA
American Samoa, Cook Islands, French Polynesia, Guam,
Marshall Islands, Micronesia (Federated States of), New
Caledonia, Niue, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Samoa, Tuvalu.
PACIFIC ALLIANCE
Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru.
SADC (SOUTHERN AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT
Community)
Angola, Botswana, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Lesotho,
Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Seychelles,
South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
*included in European Union
WTTC has an on-going commitment to align its economic impact research with the UN Statistics Division-approved 2008 Tourism Satellite
Account: Recommended Methodological Framework (TSA:RMF 2008). This involves benchmarking of country reports to of?cial, published
TSAs, including for countries which are reporting data for the ?rst time, as well as existing countries reporting an additional year’s data. New
country TSAs incorporated this year include France, Germany, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Oman, Qatar and Saudi Arabia.
In addition to producing data on 184 countries, WTTC also produces reports on 24 other regions, sub-regions and economic and
geographic groups. This year, there are 8 reports for special economic and geographic groups with Paci?c Alliance being included for the ?rst
time. Please also note that from this year, the report for Sudan no longer includes data on South Sudan.
ECONOMIC AND GEOGRAPHIC GROUPS
17
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015
Economic impact reports:
regions, sub-regions and countries
WORLD
REGION
SUB-
REGION
COUNTRY
A
F
R
I
C
A
N
O
R
T
H
A
F
R
I
C
A
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
Tunisia
S
U
B
-
S
A
H
A
R
A
N
Angola
Benin
Botswana
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cameroon
Cape Verde
Central African
Republic
Chad
Comoros
Democratic
Republic of Congo
Ethiopia
Gabon
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Ivory Coast
Kenya
Lesotho
Madagascar
Malawi
Mali
Mauritius
Mozambique
Namibia
Niger
Nigeria
Republic of Congo
Reunion
Rwanda
Sao Tome &
Principe
Senegal
Seychelles
Sierra Leone
South Africa
Sudan
Swaziland
Tanzania
Togo
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
REGION
SUB-
REGION
COUNTRY
E
U
R
O
P
E
E
U
R
O
P
E
A
N
U
N
I
O
N
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malta
Netherlands
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
UK
O
T
H
E
R
E
U
R
O
P
E
Albania
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Bosnia
Herzegovina
Georgia
Iceland
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Macedonia
Moldova
Montenegro
Norway
Russian
Federation
Serbia
Switzerland
Turkey
Ukraine
Uzbekistan
M
I
D
D
L
E
E
A
S
T
Bahrain
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Syria
UAE
Yemen
REGION
SUB-
REGION
COUNTRY
A
S
I
A
-
P
A
C
I
F
I
C
N
O
R
T
H
E
A
S
T
A
S
I
A
Japan
China
Hong Kong
South Korea
Macau
Taiwan
Mongolia
O
C
E
A
N
I
A
Australia
New Zealand
Fiji
Kiribati
Other Oceania
Papua
New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Tonga
Vanuatu
S
O
U
T
H
A
S
I
A
Bangladesh
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
S
O
U
T
H
E
A
S
T
A
S
I
A
Brunei
Cambodia
Indonesia
Laos
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Vietnam
E
U
R
O
P
E
E
U
R
O
P
E
A
N
U
N
I
O
N
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
REGION
SUB-
REGION
COUNTRY
A
M
E
R
I
C
A
S
C
A
R
I
B
B
E
A
N
Anguilla
Antigua &
Barbuda
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Bermuda
Cayman Islands
Cuba
Former
Netherlands
Antilles
Dominica
Dominican
Republic
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Haiti
Jamaica
Martinique
Puerto Rico
St Kitts & Nevis
St Lucia
St Vincent & the
Grenadines
Trinidad &
Tobago
UK Virgin Islands
US Virgin Islands
L
A
T
I
N
A
M
E
R
I
C
A
Argentina
Belize
Bolivia
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
El Salvador
Ecuador
Guatemala
Guyana
Honduras
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Suriname
Uruguay
Venezuela
N
O
R
T
H
A
M
E
R
I
C
A
Canada
Mexico
USA
18
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015
THE WORLD TRAVEL & TOURISM COUNCIL IS
THE GLOBAL AUTHORITY ON THE ECONOMIC AND
SOCIAL CONTRIBUTION OF TRAVEL & TOURISM.
WTTC promotes sustainable growth for the sector, working with governments and
international institutions to create jobs, to drive exports and to generate prosperity. Council
Members are the Chairs, Presidents and Chief Executives of the world’s leading, private sector
Travel & Tourism businesses.
Together with its research partner, Oxford Economics, WTTC produces annual research that
shows Travel & Tourism to be one of the world’s largest sectors, supporting over 276 million
jobs and generating 9.8% of global GDP in 2014. Comprehensive reports quantify, compare and
forecast the economic impact of Travel & Tourism on 184 economies around the world. In addition
to the individual country reports, WTTC produces a world report highlighting global trends and 24
further reports that focus on regions, sub-regions and economic and geographic groups.
To download reports or data, please visit www.wttc.org
ASSISTING WTTC TO PROVIDE TOOLS FOR ANALYSIS,
BENCHMARKING, FORECASTING AND PLANNING.
Over the last 33 years, Oxford Economics has built a diverse and loyal client base of over 800
international organisations, including leading multinational companies and ?nancial institutions;
key government bodies and trade associations; and top universities, consultancies, and think
tanks. Headquartered in Oxford, England, with regional centres in London, New York and
Singapore, Oxford Economics has of?ces across the globe in Belfast, Chicago, Dubai, Miami,
Milan, Paris, Philadelphia, San Francisco, and Washington DC. The company employs over 140
full-time people, including more than 90 professional economists, industry experts and business
editors – one of the largest teams of macroeconomists and thought leadership specialists –
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CHAIRMAN
TUI DEUTSCHLAND GMBH &
TUIFLY GMBH
Dr Michael Frenzel
Chairman of the Supervisory
Boards
PRESIDENT & CEO
WORLD TRAVEL & TOURISM
COUNCIL
David Scowsill
VICE CHAIRMEN
BEIJING TOURISM GROUP
DUAN Qiang
Chairman
ETIHAD AIRWAYS
James Hogan
CEO
HILTON WORLDWIDE
Christopher J Nassetta
President & CEO
JUMEIRAH GROUP
Gerald Lawless
President & Group CEO
MANDARIN ORIENTAL
Edouard Ettedgui
Group Chief Executive
SILVERSEA CRUISES
Manfredi Lefebvre d’Ovidio di
Balsorano de Clunieres
Chairman
THE TRAVEL CORPORATION
Brett Tollman
President & Chief Executive
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
ABERCROMBIE & KENT
Geoffrey J W Kent
Founder, Chairman & CEO
ACCOR
Sébastien Bazin
Chairman & CEO
AMERICAN EXPRESS
COMPANY
William Glenn
President & CEO of American
Express Global Business Travel
AMERICAN INTERNATIONAL
GROUP, INC
Jeffrey C Rutledge
Chief Executive Officer, AIG
Travel
BHARAT HOTELS
Jyotsna Suri
Chairperson & Managing Director
CARLSON
Douglas Anderson
President & CEO Carlson
Wagonlit Travel
DUBAI AIRPORTS
INTERNATIONAL
Paul Griffiths
CEO
EMIRATES
Gary Chapman
President Group Services &
Dnata, Emirates Group
HNA GROUP
CHEN Feng
Chairman of the Board
INTERCONTINENTAL HOTELS
GROUP
Richard Solomons
CEO
JTB CORP
Hiromi Tagawa
Chairman of the Board
MARRIOTT INTERNATIONAL
JW Marriott, Jr
Chairman
Arne M Sorenson
President & CEO
OUTRIGGER ENTERPRISES
GROUP
Richard R Kelley
Chairman Emeritus
REVOLUTION PLACES, LLC
Philippe Bourguignon
Vice Chairman
ROYAL CARIBBEAN CRUISES
Richard D Fain
Chairman & CEO
SABRE HOLDINGS
Tom Klein
President & CEO
SHUN TAK HOLDINGS LIMITED
Pansy Ho
Managing Director
TRAVELPORT
Gordon Wilson
President & CEO
TSOGO SUN GROUP
Marcel von Aulock
CEO
VISITBRITAIN
Christopher Rodrigues, CBE
Chairman
WYNDHAM WORLDWIDE
Stephen P Holmes
Chairman & CEO
GLOBAL MEMBERS
ABU DHABI TOURISM &
CULTURE AUTHORITY
Mubarak Hamad Al Muhairi
Director General
AGODA
Rob Rosenstein
CEO
ALL NIPPON AIRWAYS (ANA)
Osamu Shinobe
President & CEO
ALTOUR
Alexandre Chemla
President
AMADEUS IT GROUP SA
Luis Maroto
President & CEO
AVIS BUDGET GROUP
Ronald L Nelson
Chairman & CEO
BEIJING CAPITAL
INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT CO
LIU Xuesong
General Manager
SHI Boli
General Manager
BEIJING TOURISM GROUP
LIU Yi
President
BRITISH AIRWAYS
Keith Williams
Executive Chairman
CANNERY ROW COMPANY
Ted J Balestreri
Chairman & CEO
CHANGI AIRPORT GROUP
Lee Seow Hiang
CEO
CHICAGO DEPARTMENT OF
AVIATION
Michael Boland
Acting Commissioner
CHINA EASTERN AIRLINES
LIU Shaoyong
Chairman
CHINA INTERNATIONAL
TRAVEL SERVICE, HEAD
OFFICE (CITS)
YU Ningning
President
CHINA SOUTHERN AIRLINES
TAN Wangeng
President & CEO
CHIMELONG
SU Zhigang
Chairman & CEO
CHEN Wancheng
President
COSTA CRUISES
Michael Thamm
CEO
CORPORATE TRAVEL
SERVICES
José Luis Castro
Founder & CEO
CROWN LIMITED
Rowen Craigie
Managing Director & CEO
CTRIP.COM INTERNATIONAL
FAN Min
Vice Chairman of the Board and
President
DALLAS FORT WORTH
AIRPORT
Sean Donohue
CEO
DFS GROUP
Philippe Schaus
Chairman & CEO
DEPARTMENT OF TOURISM
& COMMERCE MARKETING,
GOVERNMENT OF DUBAI
H.E. Helal Saeed Khalfan Al
Marri
Director General
DIAMOND RESORTS
INTERNATIONAL
Stephen J Cloobeck
Founder & Chairman
DUBAILAND
Mohammed Al Habbai
CEO
EAST JAPAN RAILWAY
COMPANY
Satoshi Seino
Chairman & Director
ENTERPRISE HOLDINGS
Pamela Nicholson
CEO
EXPEDIA INC
Dara Khosrowshahi
President & CEO
FAIRMONT HOTELS &
RESORTS
Jennifer Fox
President
FINTRAX
John Moore
Chairman
GLOBAL BLUE GROUP
David Baxby
President & CEO
GLOBAL LEISURE PARTNERS
LLP
Mark Harms
Chairman & CEO
GREATER TORONTO
AIRPORTS AUTHORITY
Howard Eng
President & CEO
HAWAIIAN AIR
Mark Dunkerley
President & CEO
HERTZ CORPORATION
Michel Taride
President, Hertz International
HOGG ROBINSON GROUP
David Radcliffe
Chief Executive
HONG KONG & SHANGHAI
HOTELS
Clement Kwok
Managing Director & CEO
HUANGSHAN TOURISM
GROUP
HUANG Linmu
President and Chairman of the
Board
HYATT HOTELS
CORPORATION
Mark S Hoplamazian
President and CEO
IBM
Marty Salfen
General Manager, Global Travel
& Transportation Industry
INDIAN HOTELS COMPANY
LTD
Rakesh K Sarna
Managing Director & CEO
INTERNATIONAL AIRLINES
GROUP
Willie Walsh
Chief Executive
JAPAN AIRLINES CO. LTD
Masaru Onishi
Chairman
KERZNER INTERNATIONAL
Alan Leibman
CEO
KUONI TRAVEL HOLDING LTD
Peter Meier
CEO
LAS VEGAS SANDS CORP.
Robert Goldstein
President and Chief Operating
Officer
LEBUA HOTELS & RESORTS
Narawadee Bualert
President
Deepak Ohri
CEO
LOTTE
Dong-Bin Shin
Chairman
MESSE BERLIN GMBH
Christian Göke
President & CEO
MISSION HILLS GROUP
Dr Ken Chu
Chairman & CEO
NH HOTEL GROUP
Federico Gonzalez Tejera
CEO
NOEL GROUP, A BERKSHIRE
HATHAWAY COMPANY
John M. Noel
CEO
NORWEGIAN CRUISE LINES
Frank Del Rio
President & CEO
ORBITZ WORLDWIDE
Barney Harford
CEO
OTI HOLDING
Ayhan Bektas
Chairman
OZALTIN HOLDING
Öznur Özdemir Özaltin
Chief Executive Özaltin Holding
(Tourism Group)
PEAK ADVENTURE TRAVEL
Darrell Wade
CEO
QUNAR
ZHUANG Chenchao
Co-Founder & CEO
RADISSON EDWARDIAN
HOTELS
Jasminder Singh
Chairman & CEO
RELAIS & CHÂTEAUX
Philippe Gombert
President International, Chairman
of the Board
R TAUCK & PARTNER
Robin Tauck
President
SHANGHAI JIN JIANG
INTERNATIONAL HOTELS
YANG Weimin
CEO
SHANGHAI SPRING
INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL
SERVICES
XIAO Qianhui
General Manager
STARWOOD HOTELS &
RESORTS WORLDWIDE
Adam Aron
CEO
TAP PORTUGAL
Fernando Pinto
CEO
TRAVEL LEADERS GROUP
Michael Batt
Founder & Chairman
TURKISH AIRLINES
Temel Kotil
CEO
UNITED AIRLINES
Jeff Smisek
President & CEO
Jim Compton
Vice Chairman & Chief Revenue
Officer
VALUE RETAIL
Desiree Bollier
CEO
VIRTUOSO
Matthew D Upchurch CTC
CEO
ZAGAT SURVEY LLC
Tim Zagat
Co-Founder, Co-Chair & CEO
INDUSTRY PARTNERS
BOSTON CONSULTING
GROUP
Achim Fechtel
Senior Partner & Managing
Director
THE COCA-COLA COMPANY
Stefanie D Miller
Group Vice President, Strategic
Partnership Marketing
DELOITTE
Adam Weissenberg
Vice Chairman, Global Travel,
Hospitality & Leisure Leader
ECOLAB
Michael Hickey
Executive Vice President and
President, Global Institutional
GOLDMAN SACHS
Ben Leahy
Managing Director, Investment
Banking Division
GOOGLE
Rob Torres
Managing Director for Travel
JCB
Koremitsu Sannomiya
President & Chief Operating
Officer
JONES LANG LASALLE
HOTELS
Arthur de Haast
Chairman Hotels & Hospitality
Group
SPENCER STUART
Jerry Noonan
Global Consumer Leader
TOSHIBA CORPORATION
Atsutoshi Nishida
Chairman of the Board
VISA WORLDWIDE
Ross Jackson
Vice President, Cross-Border,
Brand, Product & Client
Marketing Asia Pacific Region
REGIONAL MEMBERS
ABACUS INTERNATIONAL
Robert Bailey
President & CEO
ACTION GROUP HOLDING
H E Sheikh Mubarak Al
Abdullah Al Mubarak Al Sabah
Chairman
ALATUR
Ricardo Souto Ferreira
Vice President
ALPITOUR
Gabriele Burgio
CEO
AMBASSADOR HOTEL GROUP
Jung-Ho Suh
Chairman
APPLE LEISURE GROUP
Alex Zozaya
Chairman & CEO
COCHA TRAVEL
Mario Fuenzalida
CEO
DESPEGAR
Roberto Souviron
CEO
DIETHELM TRAVEL
Maarten Groeneveld
CEO
DOURO AZUL
Mário Ferreira
President & CEO
EL CID RESORTS
Carlos Berdegué
CEO
GRUPO MASO
Esteban Torbar
CEO
HAKUBA HOTEL GROUP
Adrian Bell
CEO
HELLOWORLD
Elizabeth Gaines
CEO
JA RESORTS AND HOTELS
David Thomson
COO
MINOR HOTEL GROUP
Dillip Rajakarier
CEO
NORTHERN CAUCASUS
RESORTS
Sergey Victorovich
Vereshchagin
Director General
NRMA GROUP
Tony Stuart
Group CEO
PALACE RESORTS
José Chapur Zahoul
President
PREMIER HOTELS &
RESORTS
Claudio Silvestri
President & CEO
ROTANA HOTEL
MANAGEMENT
CORPORATION
Omer Kaddouri
President & CEO
SENTOSA DEVELOPMENT
CORPORATION
Mike Barclay
CEO
SHKP HOTELS
Ricco De Blank
CEO
SONEVA RESORTS
Sonu Shivdasani
Chairman & CEO
SOUTH AMERICAN TOURS
Federico Bueker
CEO
SWAIN DESTINATIONS
Ian Swain
President
THOMAS COOK INDIA
Madhaven Menon
Managing Director
TREND OPERADORA LTDA
Luis Paulo Luppa
President
Harlequin Building
65 Southwark Street
London, SE1 0HR
United Kingdom
Telephone: +44 (0)20 7481 8007
Fax: +44 (0) 207 488 1008
Email: [email protected]
www.wttc.org
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Rental Car
Accommodations
Motorcoach
Entertainment
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Restaurants
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Recreation
Banks
Banks
Shopping
Shopping
Travel Agents
Pets
Hospitals
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Tecnologies
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doc_731443489.pdf
Travel & Tourism is an important economic activity in most countries around the world. As well as its direct economic impact, the sector has significant indirect and induced impacts. The UN Statistics Division-approved Tourism Satellite Accounting methodology (TSA:RMF 2008) quantifies only the direct contribution of Travel & Tourism.
The Authority on World Travel & Tourism
Travel
& Tourism
ECONOMIC IMPACT 2015
EGYPT
For more information, please contact:
Rochelle Turner
Head of Research
[email protected]
©2015 World Travel & Tourism Council
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015
The World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC) is the global authority on the
economic and social contribution of Travel & Tourism. WTTC promotes
sustainable growth for the sector, working with governments and international
institutions to create jobs, to drive exports and to generate prosperity.
Travel & Tourism’s impact on the economic and social development of a country can be enormous; opening
it up for business, trade and capital investment, creating jobs and entrepreneurialism for the workforce and
protecting heritage and cultural values. To fully understand its impact, however, governments, policy makers
and businesses around the world require accurate and reliable data on the impact of the sector. Data is
needed to help assess policies that govern future industry development and to provide knowledge to help
guide successful and sustainable Travel & Tourism investment decisions.
For 25 years, WTTC has been quantifying the economic impact of Travel & Tourism. This year, the 2015
Annual Economic Reports cover 184 countries and 25 regions of the world, including, for the ?rst time,
the Paci?c Alliance.
Travel & Tourism generated US$7.6 trillion (10% of global GDP) and 277 million jobs (1 in 11 jobs) for the
global economy in 2014. Recent years have seen Travel & Tourism growing at a faster rate than both the
wider economy and other signi?cant sectors such as automotive, ?nancial services and health care. Last year
was no exception. International tourist arrivals also surged, reaching nearly 1.14billion and visitor spending
more than matched that growth. Visitors from emerging economies now represent a 46% share of these
international arrivals (up from 38% in 2000), proving the growth and increased opportunities for travel from
those in these new markets.
The sector faces challenges every year and this year is likely to be no different. The weakness and potential
volatility of many currencies against the US dollar and a deep recession in Russia, a key outbound market,
will slow outbound spending in line with slower world trade overall in 2015. However, falling oil prices will
bring signi?cant improvements for net oil importers in 2015, easing upward pressure on living costs, increasing
disposable household incomes and domestic consumer spending, and lowering air fares. As a result, Travel &
Tourism expansion is forecast to continue at a stronger rate than last year, with the total contribution to GDP
expected to increase by 3.7%. New destinations and investment opportunities will also continue to emerge
as tourism becomes increasingly affordable across the developing world. This growth will require countries
to adopt a concerted and coordinated approach to talent planning and development between their industry,
governments and educational institutions to ensure they ful?l their potential in the years ahead.
WTTC is proud to continue to provide this clear and empirical data in order to help both public and private
bodies make the right decisions for the future growth of a sustainable Travel & Tourism sector.
David Scowsill
President & CEO
WTTC
Foreword
Foreword
2015 Annual Research: Key Facts ...............................................1
De?ning the Economic Contribution of Travel & Tourism .............2
Travel & Tourism’s Contribution to GDP .......................................3
Travel & Tourism’s Contribution to Employment ..........................4
Visitor Exports and Investment ....................................................5
Different Components of Travel & Tourism ...................................6
Country Rankings: Absolute Contribution, 2014 ..........................7
Country Rankings: Relative Contribution, 2014 ...........................8
Country Rankings: Real Growth, 2015 .........................................9
Country Rankings: Long Term Growth, 2015-2025 ....................10
Summary Tables: Estimates & Forecasts ...................................11
The Economic Contribution of Travel & Tourism:
Real 2014 Prices ........................................................................12
The Economic Contribution of Travel & Tourism:
Nominal Prices ...........................................................................13
The Economic Contribution of Travel & Tourism: Growth ..........14
Glossary .....................................................................................15
Methodological Note ..................................................................16
Regions, Sub-regions, Countries ...............................................17
USE OF MATERIAL IS AUTHORISED, PROVIDED SOURCE IS ACKNOWLEDGED
Harlequin Building, 65 Southwark Street, London, SE1 0HR, UK Tel: +44 (0)20 7481 8007 Email: [email protected] www.wttc.org
The Economic Impact of Travel & Tourism 2015
Contents
1
All values are in constant 2014 prices & exchange rates
= Total contribution of Travel & Tourism
Egypt
2015 ANNUAL RESEARCH: KEY FACTS
2015
forecast
EMPLOYMENT: DIRECT CONTRIBUTION
EMPLOYMENT: TOTAL CONTRIBUTION
VISITOR EXPORTS
INVESTMENT
WORLD RANKING (OUT OF 184 COUNTRIES):
Relative importance of Travel & Tourism's total contribution to GDP
31
ABSOLUTE
Size in 2014
61
Contribution to GDP in 2014
RELATIVE SIZE
108
GROWTH
2015 forecast
Total Contribution of
Travel & Tourism to GDP
Breakdown of Travel & Tourism's Total
Contribution to GDP and Employment 2014
2014 EGPbn
GDP (2014 EGPbn)
Direct Indirect Induced
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
2
0
0
5
2
0
0
6
2
0
0
7
2
0
0
8
2
0
0
9
2
0
1
0
2
0
1
1
2
0
1
2
2
0
1
3
2
0
1
4
2
0
1
5
2
0
2
5
2014 EGPbn 2014 EGPbn
E
m
p
l
o
y
m
e
n
t
(
'
0
0
0
)
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015 1
The direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP was EGP117.2bn (5.9% of total GDP) in
2014, and is forecast to rise by 3.2% in 2015, and to rise by 4.5% pa, from 2015-2025, to
EGP187.7bn (5.6% of total GDP) in 2025.
The total contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP was EGP255.0bn (12.8% of GDP) in 2014,
and is forecast to rise by 2.9% in 2015, and to rise by 4.7% pa to EGP413.2bn (12.4% of GDP) in
2025.
In 2014 Travel & Tourism directly supported 1,322,500 jobs (5.2% of total employment). This is
expected to rise by 5.4% in 2015 and rise by 2.0% pa to 1,708,000 jobs (5.3% of total
employment) in 2025.
In 2014, the total contribution of Travel & Tourism to employment, including jobs indirectly
Visitor exports generated EGP59.6bn (17.4% of total exports) in 2014. This is forecast to grow
by 3.5% in 2015, and grow by 4.2% pa, from 2015-2025, to EGP93.5bn in 2025 (15.5% of total).
Travel & Tourism investment in 2014 was EGP30.6bn, or 11.2% of total investment. It should
rise by 1.4% in 2015, and rise by 5.1% pa over the next ten years to EGP50.8bn in 2025 (11.2%
of total).
2
0
2
5
GDP: DIRECT CONTRIBUTION
GDP: TOTAL CONTRIBUTION
supported by the industry, was 11.6% of total employment (2,944,000 jobs). This is expected to
rise by 4.3% in 2015 to 3,071,500 jobs and rise by 2.1% pa to 3,790,000 jobs in 2025 (11.7% of
total).
63
LONG-TERM GROWTH
Forecast 2015-2025
1
53
84
117
1,323
944
677
?
?
?
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015
2
Defining the economic
contribution of Travel & Tourism
Travel & Tourism is an important economic activity in most countries around the world. As well as its direct economic
impact, the sector has significant indirect and induced impacts. The UN Statistics Division-approved Tourism Satellite
Accounting methodology (TSA:RMF 2008) quantifies only the direct contribution of Travel & Tourism. WTTC recognises
that Travel & Tourism's total contribution is much greater however, and aims to capture its indirect and induced
impacts through its annual research.
DIRECT CONTRIBUTION
The direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP reflects the ‘internal’ spending on Travel & Tourism (total spending
within a particular country on Travel & Tourism by residents and non-residents for business and leisure purposes) as
well as government 'individual' spending - spending by government on Travel & Tourism services directly linked to
visitors, such as cultural (eg museums) or recreational (eg national parks).
The direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP is calculated to be consistent with the output, as expressed in
National Accounting, of tourism-characteristic sectors such as hotels, airlines, airports, travel agents and leisure
and recreation services that deal directly with tourists.The direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP is calculated
from total internal spending by ‘netting out’ the purchases made by the different tourism industries. This measure is
consistent with the definition of Tourism GDP, specified in the 2008 Tourism Satellite Account: Recommended
Methodological Framework (TSA: RMF 2008).
TOTAL CONTRIBUTION
The total contribution of Travel & Tourism includes its ‘wider impacts’ (ie the indirect and induced impacts) on the economy.
The ‘indirect’ contribution includes the GDP and jobs supported by:
Travel & Tourism investment spending – an important aspect of both current and future activity that includes
investment activity such as the purchase of new aircraft and construction of new hotels;
Government 'collective' spending, which helps Travel & Tourism activity in many different ways as it is made on
behalf of the ‘community at large’ – eg tourism marketing and promotion, aviation,
administration, security services, resort area security services, resort area sanitation services, etc;
Domestic purchases of goods and services by the sectors dealing directly with tourists - including, for example,
purchases of food and cleaning services by hotels, of fuel and catering services by airlines, and IT services by
travel agents.
The ‘induced’ contribution measures the GDP and jobs supported by the spending of those who are directly or indirectly
employed by the Travel & Tourism sector.
EGYPT: DIRECT CONTRIBUTION OF TRAVEL & TOURISM TO GDP
EGYPT: TOTAL CONTRIBUTION OF TRAVEL & TOURISM TO GDP
1
All values are in constant 2014 prices & exchange rates
3
Travel & Tourism's
contribution to GDP
1
The direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP in 2014 was EGP117.2bn (5.9% of GDP). This is forecast to rise
by 3.2% to EGP120.9bn in 2015.This primarily reflects the economic activity generated by industries
such as hotels, travel agents, airlines and other passenger transportation services (excluding commuter
services). But it also includes, for example, the activities of the restaurant and leisure industries directly supported
The direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP is expected to grow by 4.5% pa to EGP187.7bn (5.6% of GDP)
by 2025.
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
2
0
0
5
2
0
0
6
2
0
0
7
2
0
0
8
2
0
0
9
2
0
1
0
2
0
1
1
2
0
1
2
2
0
1
3
2
0
1
4
2
0
1
5
2
0
2
5
2
0
2
5
Constant 2014 EGPbn
% of whole economy GDP
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
2
0
0
5
2
0
0
6
2
0
0
7
2
0
0
8
2
0
0
9
2
0
1
0
2
0
1
1
2
0
1
2
2
0
1
3
2
0
1
4
2
0
1
5
2
0
2
5
2
0
2
5
induced income impacts, see page 2) was EGP255.0bn in 2014 (12.8% of GDP) and is expected to grow by
2.9% to EGP262.3bn (12.7% of GDP) in 2015.
It is forecast to rise by 4.7% pa to EGP413.2bn by 2025 (12.4% of GDP).
Constant 2014 EGPbn
Direct Indirect Induced
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
2014 2015 2025
2025 2025
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
2014 2015 2025
2025
% of whole economy GDP
Direct Indirect Induced
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015
The total contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP (including wider effects from investment, the supply chain and
EGYPT: DIRECT CONTRIBUTION OF TRAVEL & TOURISM TO EMPLOYMENT
EGYPT: TOTAL CONTRIBUTION OF TRAVEL & TOURISM TO EMPLOYMENT
4
Travel & Tourism generated 1,322,500 jobs directly in 2014 (5.2% of total employment) and this is forecast to
grow by 5.4% in 2015 to 1,394,500 (5.4% of total employment).
This includes employment by hotels, travel agents, airlines and other passenger transportation services
(excluding commuter services). It also includes, for example, the activities of the restaurant and leisure industries
directly supported by tourists.
By 2025, Travel & Tourism will account for 1,708,000 jobs directly, an increase of 2.0% pa over the next ten
years.
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
1,000.0
1,200.0
1,400.0
1,600.0
1,800.0
2
0
0
5
2
0
0
6
2
0
0
7
2
0
0
8
2
0
0
9
2
0
1
0
2
0
1
1
2
0
1
2
2
0
1
3
2
0
1
4
2
0
1
5
2
0
2
5
'000 jobs
% of whole economy employment
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
2
0
0
5
2
0
0
6
2
0
0
7
2
0
0
8
2
0
0
9
2
0
1
0
2
0
1
1
2
0
1
2
2
0
1
3
2
0
1
4
2
0
1
5
2
0
2
5
The total contribution of Travel & Tourism to employment (including wider effects from investment, the supply
By 2025, Travel & Tourism is forecast to support 3,790,000 jobs (11.7% of total employment), an increase of
2.1% pa over the period.
'000 jobs
Direct Indirect Induced
0.0
500.0
1,000.0
1,500.0
2,000.0
2,500.0
3,000.0
3,500.0
4,000.0
2014 2015 2025
2025
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
2014 2015 2025 2025
% of whole economy employment
Direct Indirect Induced
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015
Travel & Tourism's
contribution to employment
chain and induced income impacts, see page 2) was 2,944,000 jobs in 2014 (11.6% of total employment). This is
forecast to rise by 4.3% in 2015 to 3,071,500 jobs (11.8% of total employment).
2
0
2
5
2
0
2
5
VISITOR EXPORTS
EGYPT: VISITOR EXPORTS AND INTERNATIONAL TOURIST ARRIVALS
INVESTMENT
EGYPT: CAPITAL INVESTMENT IN TRAVEL & TOURISM
1
All values are in constant 2014 prices & exchange rates
5
Visitor Exports and Investment
1
Money spent by foreign visitors to a country (or visitor exports) is a key component of the direct contribution of
Travel & Tourism. In 2014, Egypt generated EGP59.6bn in visitor exports.
In 2015, this is expected to grow by 3.5%, and the country is expected to attract 10,504,000 international tourist
arrivals.
By 2025, international tourist arrivals are forecast to total 15,473,000, generating expenditure of EGP93.5bn, an
increase of 4.2% pa.
Constant 2014 EGPbn
Foreign visitor exports as % of total exports
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
2
0
0
5
2
0
0
6
2
0
0
7
2
0
0
8
2
0
0
9
2
0
1
0
2
0
1
1
2
0
1
2
2
0
1
3
2
0
1
4
2
0
1
5
2
0
2
5
2
0
2
5
Travel & Tourism is expected to have attracted capital investment of EGP30.6bn in 2014. This is expected to rise
by 1.4% in 2015, and rise by 5.1% pa over the next ten years to EGP50.8bn in 2025.
Travel & Tourism’s share of total national investment will rise from 11.0% in 2015 to 11.2% in 2025.
Constant 2014 EGPbn
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
2
0
0
5
2
0
0
6
2
0
0
7
2
0
0
8
2
0
0
9
2
0
1
0
2
0
1
1
2
0
1
2
2
0
1
3
2
0
1
4
2
0
1
5
2
0
2
5
2
0
2
5
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
2
0
0
5
2
0
0
6
2
0
0
7
2
0
0
8
2
0
0
9
2
0
1
0
2
0
1
1
2
0
1
2
2
0
1
3
2
0
1
4
2
0
1
5
2
0
2
5
2
0
2
5
% of whole economy GDP
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015
mn
Foreign tourist arrivals (RHS)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
2
0
0
5
2
0
0
6
2
0
0
7
2
0
0
8
2
0
0
9
2
0
1
0
2
0
1
1
2
0
1
2
2
0
1
3
2
0
1
4
2
0
1
5
2
0
2
5
Foreign visitor exports (LHS)
2
0
2
5
Leisure spending
Business spending
Foreign visitor spending
Domestic spending
Direct
Induced
Indirect
16.3%
11.5%
5.3%
1
All values are in constant 2014 prices & exchange rates
(b) Investment
72.0%
28.0%
35.9%
64.1%
(c) Government collective
46.0%
20.9%
33.1%
Indirect is the sum of:
(a) Supply chain
6
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015
Different components of
Travel & Tourism
1
Egypt
Travel & Tourism's Contribution to GDP:
Business vs Leisure, 2014 Leisure travel spending (inbound and domestic)
generated 72.0% of direct Travel & Tourism GDP
in 2014 (EGP119.8bn) compared with 28.0% for
business travel spending (EGP46.5bn).
Business travel spending is expected to grow by
4.0% in 2015 to EGP48.4bn, and rise by 4.4% pa
to EGP74.3bn in 2025.
Leisure travel spending is expected to grow by
3.0% in 2015 to EGP123.4bn, and rise by 4.5% pa
to EGP192.1bn in 2025.
Egypt
Domestic vs Foreign, 2014
Travel & Tourism's Contribution to GDP:
Domestic travel spending generated 64.1% of
direct Travel & Tourism GDP in 2014 compared
with 35.9% for visitor exports (ie foreign visitor
spending or international tourism receipts).
Domestic travel spending is expected to grow by
3.1% in 2015 to EGP110.1bn, and rise by 4.6% pa
to EGP172.9bn in 2025.
Visitor exports are expected to grow by 3.5% in
2015 to EGP61.7bn, and rise by 4.2% pa to
EGP93.5bn in 2025.
a
b
c
Egypt
Breakdown of Travel & Tourism's Total Contribution to GDP, 2014
The Travel & Tourism industry contributes to GDP
and employment in many ways as detailed on
page 2.
The total contribution of Travel & Tourism to
GDP is twice as large as its direct contribution.
2014 2014
(US$bn) (US$bn)
7 Italy 87.9 7 Italy 216.7
13 Turkey 37.6 14 Turkey 95.8
World Average 19.4 World Average 58.3
24 Saudi Arabia 18.2 21 Saudi Arabia 58.1
27 Egypt 16.5 29 Greece 39.1
28 Greece 15.8 31 Egypt 36.0
42 Morocco 8.6 46 Israel 22.2
51 Israel 6.6 49 Morocco 19.1
61 Tunisia 3.6 63 Lebanon 9.8
62 Lebanon 3.5 71 Tunisia 7.4
84 Sudan 1.9 Africa Average 4.2
Africa Average 1.8 90 Sudan 4.1
2014 2014
'000 jobs '000 jobs
12 Egypt 1322.7 15 Egypt 2944.1
16 Italy 1082.0 18 Italy 2553.0
World Average 827.0 22 Turkey 2130.2
23 Morocco 775.4 World Average 2076.6
28 Saudi Arabia 602.8 25 Morocco 1740.7
29 Turkey 579.8 36 Saudi Arabia 1076.9
42 Greece 340.3 47 Greece 699.9
52 Sudan 248.0 54 Sudan 572.0
56 Tunisia 230.6 62 Tunisia 472.8
Africa Average 184.4 Africa Average 435.8
84 Lebanon 114.0 78 Lebanon 312.9
94 Israel 88.1 91 Israel 275.1
2014 2014
(US$bn) (US$bn)
8 Saudi Arabia 24.6 8 Italy 46.3
12 Turkey 15.7 11 Turkey 37.4
15 Italy 12.2 25 Greece 17.0
World Average 4.5 35 Saudi Arabia 9.1
34 Egypt 4.3 37 Egypt 8.4
37 Morocco 3.8 38 Morocco 8.1
38 Greece 3.7 World Average 7.5
50 Israel 2.5 45 Lebanon 7.0
60 Lebanon 1.3 46 Israel 6.7
70 Tunisia 0.8 62 Tunisia 3.0
Africa Average 0.6 Africa Average 1.1
110 Sudan 0.3 106 Sudan 1.0
Travel & Tourism's Direct Travel & Tourism's Total
Contribution to GDP Contribution to GDP
Travel & Tourism's Direct Travel & Tourism's Total
The tables on pages 7-10 provide provide brief extracts from the full WTTC Country League Table Rankings, highlighting comparisons with
competing destinations as well as with the world and regional average.
The competing destinations selected are those that offer a similar tourism product and compete for tourists from the same set of origin markets.
These tend to be, but are not exclusively, geographical neighbours.
Contribution to Employment Contribution to Employment
Travel & Tourism Visitor
Capital Investment Exports
7
Country rankings:
Absolute contribution,
2014
7
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015
Averages in above tables are simple cross-country averages.
2014 2014
% share % share
28 Morocco 8.1 32 Lebanon 21.1
30 Lebanon 7.6 39 Morocco 17.9
33 Tunisia 7.4 41 Greece 17.3
36 Greece 7.0 48 Tunisia 15.2
47 Egypt 5.9 61 Egypt 12.8
63 Turkey 4.7 67 Turkey 12.0
73 Italy 4.1 84 Italy 10.1
Africa 3.4 World 9.8
101 Sudan 3.1 Africa 8.1
World 3.1 116 Saudi Arabia 7.7
128 Saudi Arabia 2.4 119 Israel 7.3
139 Israel 2.2 133 Sudan 6.7
2014 2014
% share % share
24 Greece 9.4 31 Lebanon 20.3
32 Lebanon 7.4 34 Greece 19.4
35 Morocco 7.1 45 Morocco 16.0
36 Tunisia 6.8 54 Tunisia 13.9
42 Saudi Arabia 6.2 67 Egypt 11.6
54 Egypt 5.2 69 Italy 11.4
61 Italy 4.8 71 Saudi Arabia 11.1
World 3.6 World 9.4
Africa 3.0 107 Turkey 8.2
124 Israel 2.5 115 Israel 7.8
137 Sudan 2.3 Africa 7.1
139 Turkey 2.2 151 Sudan 5.4
2014 2014
% share % share
30 Greece 13.7 15 Sudan 55.2
32 Saudi Arabia 13.6 41 Lebanon 27.8
38 Morocco 11.7 45 Greece 25.6
40 Egypt 11.2 50 Morocco 21.9
46 Turkey 9.7 62 Egypt 17.4
47 Lebanon 9.6 63 Turkey 16.8
58 Tunisia 8.3 73 Tunisia 14.1
Africa 5.9 Africa 8.0
100 Israel 4.5 100 Italy 7.4
World 4.3 102 Israel 7.2
136 Italy 3.2 World 5.7
170 Sudan 2.0 158 Saudi Arabia 2.4
Travel & Tourism's Direct Travel & Tourism's Total
Contribution to GDP Contribution to GDP
Travel & Tourism's Direct Travel & Tourism's Total
Contribution to Employment Contribution to Employment
Travel & Tourism Investment Visitor Exports
Contribution to Total Capital Investment Contribution to Total Exports
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015
Country rankings:
Relative contribution, 2014
8
2015 2015
% growth % growth
23 Saudi Arabia 6.2 20 Saudi Arabia 6.1
63 Tunisia 4.6 World 3.7
86 Morocco 3.7 81 Tunisia 3.7
Africa 3.7 87 Morocco 3.5
World 3.7 Africa 3.5
89 Greece 3.6 97 Greece 3.2
102 Egypt 3.2 103 Turkey 3.0
120 Turkey 2.8 108 Egypt 2.9
125 Israel 2.6 129 Lebanon 2.4
144 Lebanon 1.8 146 Israel 1.7
145 Italy 1.8 147 Italy 1.7
164 Sudan 0.5 172 Sudan -0.6
2015 2015
% growth % growth
4 Saudi Arabia 7.8 4 Saudi Arabia 7.7
13 Turkey 5.9 28 Egypt 4.3
21 Egypt 5.4 38 Greece 3.9
44 Tunisia 3.8 40 Turkey 3.7
45 Greece 3.8 64 Tunisia 2.7
73 Morocco 2.7 World 2.6
World 2.0 77 Morocco 2.3
106 Italy 1.7 106 Lebanon 1.6
Africa 1.3 112 Italy 1.4
117 Lebanon 1.2 Africa 1.0
148 Israel 0.2 163 Israel -0.8
159 Sudan -0.6 168 Sudan -1.7
2015 2015
% growth % growth
28 Morocco 8.0 28 Tunisia 6.7
61 Tunisia 5.9 33 Greece 6.2
69 Saudi Arabia 5.5 36 Saudi Arabia 6.1
78 Sudan 5.2 53 Morocco 5.2
Africa 4.9 71 Sudan 4.5
World 4.8 Africa 3.7
88 Turkey 4.8 88 Egypt 3.5
116 Greece 3.6 92 Israel 3.3
119 Israel 3.3 94 Turkey 3.2
123 Lebanon 3.2 World 2.8
155 Egypt 1.4 113 Italy 2.5
169 Italy 0.4 146 Lebanon 0.2
Travel & Tourism's Direct Travel & Tourism's Total
Contribution to GDP Contribution to GDP
Travel & Tourism's Direct Travel & Tourism's Total
Contribution to Employment Contribution to Employment
Travel & Tourism Visitor
Investment Exports
Country rankings:
Real growth,
7
2015
9
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015
2015 - 2025 2015 - 2025
% growth pa % growth pa
35 Lebanon 5.6 32 Lebanon 5.7
40 Morocco 5.5 42 Morocco 5.3
Africa 4.9 Africa 4.9
71 Turkey 4.6 63 Egypt 4.7
76 Egypt 4.5 75 Saudi Arabia 4.4
84 Saudi Arabia 4.3 90 Turkey 4.1
95 Israel 4.1 92 Israel 4.1
World 3.9 World 3.8
122 Greece 3.6 110 Greece 3.7
149 Sudan 3.0 144 Sudan 3.0
159 Tunisia 2.7 159 Tunisia 2.7
181 Italy 2.1 182 Italy 1.7
2015 - 2025 2015 - 2025
% growth pa % growth pa
14 Turkey 4.1 16 Saudi Arabia 3.8
22 Saudi Arabia 3.8 42 Lebanon 3.0
40 Lebanon 3.1 52 Greece 2.7
79 Greece 2.4 61 Turkey 2.5
Africa 2.3 Africa 2.3
84 Italy 2.3 World 2.3
99 Egypt 2.0 78 Egypt 2.1
World 2.0 103 Israel 1.8
103 Israel 1.9 109 Morocco 1.7
104 Morocco 1.9 111 Sudan 1.7
120 Sudan 1.6 118 Italy 1.6
160 Tunisia 0.6 166 Tunisia 0.4
2015 - 2025 2015 - 2025
% growth pa % growth pa
28 Sudan 6.1 24 Saudi Arabia 6.1
42 Lebanon 5.6 37 Morocco 5.6
43 Morocco 5.6 52 Turkey 5.1
50 Israel 5.4 Africa 4.7
61 Egypt 5.1 79 Israel 4.5
World 4.6 82 Lebanon 4.4
Africa 4.5 87 Greece 4.2
82 Greece 4.5 88 Egypt 4.2
89 Saudi Arabia 4.3 World 4.2
98 Turkey 4.2 120 Sudan 3.6
152 Tunisia 2.7 166 Tunisia 2.3
171 Italy 2.0 174 Italy 2.0
Travel & Tourism's Direct Travel & Tourism's Total
Contribution to GDP Contribution to GDP
Travel & Tourism's Direct Travel & Tourism's Total
Contribution to Employment Contribution to Employment
Travel & Tourism Investment Visitor Exports
Contribution to Capital Investment Contribution to Exports
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015
Country rankings:
Long term growth,
2015 - 2025
10
2015
Egypt
US$mn % of total Growth
2
US$mn % of total Growth
3
Direct contribution to GDP 16,548.4 5.9 3.2 26,512.6 5.6 4.5
Total contribution to GDP 36,009.9 12.8 2.9 58,359.4 12.4 4.7
Direct contribution to employment
4
1,322.7 5.2 5.4 1,707.9 5.3 2.0
Total contribution to employment
4
2,944.1 11.6 4.3 3,790.0 11.7 2.1
Visitor exports 8,423.2 18.5 3.5 13,204.9 16.4 4.2
Domestic spending 15,071.6 5.3 3.1 24,422.0 5.2 4.6
Leisure spending 16,921.7 4.2 3.0 27,135.3 4.0 4.5
Business spending 6,573.1 1.6 4.0 10,491.6 1.6 4.4
Capital investment 4,319.7 11.2 1.4 7,178.2 11.2 5.1
1
2014 constant prices & exchange rates;
2
2015 real growth adjusted for inflation (%);
3
2015-2025 annualised real growth adjusted for inflation (%);
4
'000 jobs
2015
Africa
US$bn % of total Growth
2
US$bn % of total Growth
3
Direct contribution to GDP 83.3 3.4 3.7 138.8 3.3 4.9
Total contribution to GDP 196.8 8.1 3.5 330.1 7.9 4.9
Direct contribution to employment
4
8,669 3.0 1.3 10,985 2.9 2.3
Total contribution to employment
4
20,481 7.1 1.0 26,022 6.8 2.3
Visitor exports 51.5 8.0 3.7 84.8 7.7 4.7
Domestic spending 86.6 3.6 4.0 145.9 3.5 4.9
Leisure spending 95.9 2.4 3.9 160.9 2.3 4.9
Business spending 42.3 1.0 3.9 69.9 1.0 4.8
Capital investment 29.7 5.9 4.9 48.6 5.5 4.5
1
2014 constant prices & exchange rates;
2
2015 real growth adjusted for inflation (%);
3
2015-2025 annualised real growth adjusted for inflation (%);
4
'000 jobs
2015
Worldwide
US$bn % of total Growth
2
US$bn % of total Growth
3
Direct contribution to GDP 2,364.8 3.1 3.7 3,593.2 3.3 3.9
Total contribution to GDP 7,580.9 9.8 3.7 11,381.9 10.5 3.8
Direct contribution to employment
4
105,408 3.6 2.0 130,694 3.9 2.0
Total contribution to employment
4
276,845 9.4 2.6 356,911 10.7 2.3
Visitor exports 1,383.8 5.7 2.8 2,140.1 5.6 4.2
Domestic spending 3,642.1 4.7 3.7 5,465.0 5.0 3.8
Leisure spending 3,850.2 2.3 3.3 5,928.8 2.5 4.1
Business spending 1,175.7 0.7 4.0 1,679.0 0.7 3.2
Capital investment 814.4 4.3 4.8 1,336.4 4.9 4.6
1
2014 constant prices & exchange rates;
2
2015 real growth adjusted for inflation (%);
3
2015-2025 annualised real growth adjusted for inflation (%);
4
'000 jobs
2014 2014 2025
2014 2014 2025
2014 2014 2025
% of total refers to each indicator's share of the relevant whole economy indicator such as GDP and employment. Visitor exports is shown relative to total exports of goods and
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015 11
Summary tables:
Estimates & Forecasts
1
1
1
1
1
1
Domestic spending is expressed relative to whole economy GDP. For leisure and business spending, their direct contribution to Travel & Tourism GDP is calculated as a share of
whole economy GDP (the sum of these shares equals the direct contribution). Investment is relative to whole economy investment.
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015E 2025F
Domestic expenditure
(includes government individual spending)
3.
Internal tourism consumption
(= 1 + 2 )
4. Purchases by tourism providers,
including imported goods
(supply chain)
5. Direct contribution of
Travel & Tourism to GDP
(= 3 + 4)
Other final impacts
(indirect & induced)
6.
Domestic supply chain
11. Total contribution of
Travel & Tourism to GDP
(= 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10)
Employment impacts ('000)
12.
Other indicators
14. Expenditure on outbound travel
Egypt
(EGPbn, real 2014 prices)
1. Visitor exports 107.3 114.9 73.7 77.9 51.3 59.6 61.7 93.5
2. 94.5 96.4 98.6 105.6 106.9 106.7 110.1 172.9
201.7 211.2 172.3 183.5 158.2 166.4 171.8 266.4
-57.3 -61.1 -50.5 -53.1 -47.3 -49.2 -50.9 -78.7
144.4 150.2 121.8 130.4 110.9 117.2 120.9 187.7
52.4 54.4 44.2 47.3 40.2 42.5 43.8 68.1
7. Capital investment 43.0 43.6 39.0 36.7 30.7 30.6 31.0 50.8
8. Government collective spending 11.6 12.0 12.6 12.8 13.5 13.9 14.4 23.9
9. Imported goods from indirect spending -2.0 -3.9 -2.4 -2.2 -2.7 -2.5 -2.6 -4.1
10. Induced 64.0 66.1 56.1 58.7 50.6 53.3 54.7 86.9
313.4 322.5 271.3 283.7 243.2 255.0 262.3 413.2
1,631.8 1,671.5 1,304.4 1,434.7 1,225.9 1,322.7 1,394.4 1,707.9
Direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to
employment
13.
Total contribution of Travel & Tourism
to employment
3,635.8 3,685.2 2,981.1 3,177.5
27.0 22.6 20.2 21.8 23.3 22.1 22.1 37.1
2,730.2 2,944.1 3,071.5 3,790.0
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015 12
The economic contribution of
Travel & Tourism: Real 2014 prices
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015E 2025F
Domestic expenditure
(includes government individual spending)
3.
Internal tourism consumption
(= 1 + 2 )
4. Purchases by tourism providers,
including imported goods
(supply chain)
5. Direct contribution of
Travel & Tourism to GDP
(= 3 + 4)
Other final impacts
(indirect & induced)
6.
Domestic supply chain
11. Total contribution of
Travel & Tourism to GDP
(= 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10)
Employment impacts ('000)
12.
Other indicators
14. Expenditure on outbound travel
Historical data for concepts has been benchmarked to match reported TSA data where available.
Egypt
(EGPbn, nominal prices)
1. Visitor exports 63.8 75.3 53.9 64.1 46.0 59.6 67.2 182.2
2. 56.2 63.2 72.1 86.9 95.9 106.7 119.8 337.1
120.0 138.4 126.1 150.9 141.8 166.4 187.1 519.3
-34.1 -40.0 -36.9 -43.7 -42.4 -49.2 -55.4 -153.4
42.5 47.7
86.0 98.4 89.1 107.3 99.4 117.2
30.6 33.8
131.7 365.9
31.2 35.7 32.3 38.9 36.0
13.9 15.7
132.7
7. Capital investment 25.6 28.5 28.5 30.2 27.5
-2.5 -2.8
99.1
8. Government collective spending 6.9 7.9 9.2 10.6 12.1
53.3 59.6
46.5
9. Imported goods from indirect spending -1.2 -2.5 -1.7 -1.8 -2.4
285.6 805.4
-8.0
10. Induced 38.1 43.3 41.1 48.3 45.4
1,434.7 1,225.9 1,322.7
169.3
186.5 211.3 198.5 233.4 218.1 255.0
13.
Total contribution of Travel & Tourism
to employment
3,635.8 3,685.2 2,981.1 3,177.5
20.9 22.1 24.1
1,394.4 1,707.9
Direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to
employment
2,730.2
1,631.8 1,671.5 1,304.4
72.4
*Concepts shown in this table align with the standard table totals as described in the 2008 Tourism Satellite Account: Recommended
Methodological Framework (TSA: RMF 2008) developed by the United Nations Statistical Division (UNSD), the Statistical Office
of the European Communities (EUROSTAT), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the World Tourism
Organization (UNWTO).
2,944.1 3,071.5 3,790.0
16.1 14.8 14.8 17.9
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015 13
The economic contribution of
Travel & Tourism: Nominal prices
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015E 2025F
2
Domestic expenditure
(includes government individual spending)
3.
Internal tourism consumption
(= 1 + 2 )
4. Purchases by tourism providers,
including imported goods
(supply chain)
5. Direct contribution of
Travel & Tourism to GDP
(= 3 + 4)
Other final impacts
(indirect & induced)
6.
Domestic supply chain
11. Total contribution of
Travel & Tourism to GDP
(= 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10)
Employment impacts ('000)
12.
Other indicators
14. Expenditure on outbound travel
Egypt
Growth
1
(%)
1. Visitor exports -10.8 7.1 -35.8 5.7 -34.1 16.3 3.5 4.2
2. 9.7 2.0 2.3 7.1 1.2 -0.2 3.1 4.6
-2.2 4.7 -18.3 6.5 -13.7 5.1 3.3 4.5
-4.2 6.6 -17.3 5.2 -10.9 4.0 3.4 4.5
5.7 3.2
-1.5 4.0 -18.9 7.0 -14.9 5.7
-0.4 1.4
3.2 4.5
-1.5 4.0 -18.9 7.0 -14.9
2.5 3.8
4.5
7. Capital investment -13.6 1.2 -10.5 -5.9 -16.3
4.3 3.4
5.1
8. Government collective spending 9.5 3.8 4.8 1.8 5.4
5.4 2.6
5.2
9. Imported goods from indirect spending -1.4 6.5 -15.8 5.3 -9.5
2.9 4.7
4.7
10. Induced 6.2 3.4 -15.2 4.6 -13.8
10.0 -14.6 7.9
4.7
-1.2 2.9 -15.9 4.6 -14.3 4.8
13.
Total contribution of Travel & Tourism
to employment
-3.2 1.4 -19.1 6.6
7.1 -5.5 0.1
5.4 2.0
Direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to
employment
-14.1
-3.7 2.4 -22.0
5.3
1
2009-2014 real annual growth adjusted for inflation (%);
2
2015-2025 annualised real growth adjusted for inflation (%)
7.8 4.3 2.1
-20.7 -16.2 -10.7 7.8
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015
14
The economic contribution of
Travel & Tourism: Growth
15
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015
KEY DEFINITIONS
Travel & Tourism – relates to the activity of travellers on trips
outside their usual environment with a duration of less than one
year. Economic activity related to all aspects of such trips is
measured within the research.
Direct contribution to GDP – GDP generated by industries that
deal directly with tourists, including hotels, travel agents, airlines
and other passenger transport services, as well as the activities of
restaurant and leisure industries that deal directly with tourists. It is
equivalent to total internal Travel & Tourism spending (see below)
within a country less the purchases made by those industries
(including imports). In terms of the UN’s Tourism Satellite Account
methodology it is consistent with total GDP calculated in table 6 of
the TSA: RMF 2008.
Direct contribution to employment – the number of direct jobs
within Travel & Tourism. This is consistent with total employment
calculated in table 7 of the TSA: RMF 2008.
Total contribution to GDP – GDP generated directly by the Travel
& Tourism sector plus its indirect and induced impacts (see below).
Total contribution to employment – the number of jobs
generated directly in the Travel & Tourism sector plus the indirect
and induced contributions (see below).
DIRECT SPENDING IMPACTS
Visitor exports – spending within the country by international
tourists for both business and leisure trips, including spending
on transport, but excluding international spending on education.
This is consistent with total inbound tourism expenditure in
table 1 of the TSA: RMF 2008.
Domestic Travel & Tourism spending – spending within a
country by that country’s residents for both business and leisure
trips. Multi-use consumer durables are not included since they
are not purchased solely for tourism purposes. This is consistent
with total domestic tourism expenditure in table 2 of the TSA: RMF
2008. Outbound spending by residents abroad is not included
here, but is separately identi?ed according to the TSA: RMF 2008
(see below).
Government individual spending – spending by government on
Travel & Tourism services directly linked to visitors, such as cultural
services (eg museums) or recreational services (eg national parks).
Internal tourism consumption – total revenue generated within a
country by industries that deal directly with tourists including visitor
exports, domestic spending and government individual spending.
This does not include spending abroad by residents. This is
consistent with total internal tourism expenditure in table 4 of the
TSA: RMF 2008.
Business Travel & Tourism spending – spending on business
travel within a country by residents and international visitors.
Leisure Travel & Tourism spending – spending on leisure travel
within a country by residents and international visitors.
INDIRECT AND INDUCED IMPACTS
Indirect contribution – the contribution to GDP and jobs of the
following three factors:
• Capital investment – includes capital investment spending
by all industries directly involved in Travel & Tourism. This also
constitutes investment spending by other industries on speci?c
tourism assets such as new visitor accommodation and
passenger transport equipment, as well as restaurants and leisure
facilities for speci?c tourism use. This is consistent with total
tourism gross ?xed capital formation in table 8 of the TSA:
RMF 2008.
• Government collective spending –government spending in
support of general tourism activity. This can include national as
well as regional and local government spending. For example,
it includes tourism promotion, visitor information services,
administrative services and other public services. This is
consistent with total collective tourism consumption in table
9 of TSA: RMF 2008.
• Supply-chain effects – purchases of domestic goods and
services directly by different industries within Travel & Tourism
as inputs to their ?nal tourism output.
Induced contribution – the broader contribution to GDP and
employment of spending by those who are directly or indirectly
employed by Travel & Tourism.
OTHER INDICATORS
Outbound expenditure – spending outside the country by
residents on all trips abroad. This is fully aligned with total outbound
tourism expenditure in table 3 of the TSA: RMF 2008.
Foreign visitor arrivals – the number of arrivals of foreign visitors,
including same-day and overnight visitors (tourists) to the country.
Glossary
16
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015
Methodological note
APEC (ASiA-PACifiC EConomiC CooPErAtion)
Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, China, Hong Kong, Indonesia,
Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Papua New
Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Russian Federation, Singapore, Taiwan,
Thailand, USA, Vietnam.
THE COMMONWEALTH
Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Bahamas, Bangladesh,
Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, Botswana, Brunei, Cameroon,
Canada, Cayman Islands, Cyprus, Dominica, Ghana, Grenada,
Guyana, India, Jamaica, Kenya, Kiribati, Lesotho, Malawi,
Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia,
Nigeria, New Zealand, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Rwanda,
South Africa, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon
Islands, Sri Lanka, St Kitts and Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent and the
Grenadines, Swaziland, Tanzania, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago,
Uganda, UK, British Virgin Islands, Vanuatu, Zambia.
FORMER NETHERLANDS ANTILLES
Bonaire, Curacao, Sint Maarten, Saba and Sint Eustatius.
G20
Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, European Union,
France*, Germany*, India, Indonesia, Italy*, Japan, Mexico,
Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea,
Turkey, UK*, USA.
mEtA (mEditErrAnEAn trAvEl ASSoCiAtion)
Albania, Algeria, Bosnia Herzegovina, Croatia, Cyprus, Egypt,
France, Greece, Israel, Italy, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Macedonia,
Malta, Montenegro, Morocco, Portugal, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain,
Syria, Tunisia, Turkey.
oAS (orGAnizAtion of AmEriCAn StAtES)
Argentina, Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize,
Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba,
Dominican Republic, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada,
Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, St Kitts
and Nevis, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, St Lucia,
St Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago,
USA, Uruguay.
OECD (ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC
Co-oPErAtion And dEvEloPmEnt)
Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Luxembourg,
Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey,
UK, USA.
OTHER OCEANIA
American Samoa, Cook Islands, French Polynesia, Guam,
Marshall Islands, Micronesia (Federated States of), New
Caledonia, Niue, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Samoa, Tuvalu.
PACIFIC ALLIANCE
Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru.
SADC (SOUTHERN AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT
Community)
Angola, Botswana, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Lesotho,
Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Seychelles,
South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
*included in European Union
WTTC has an on-going commitment to align its economic impact research with the UN Statistics Division-approved 2008 Tourism Satellite
Account: Recommended Methodological Framework (TSA:RMF 2008). This involves benchmarking of country reports to of?cial, published
TSAs, including for countries which are reporting data for the ?rst time, as well as existing countries reporting an additional year’s data. New
country TSAs incorporated this year include France, Germany, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Oman, Qatar and Saudi Arabia.
In addition to producing data on 184 countries, WTTC also produces reports on 24 other regions, sub-regions and economic and
geographic groups. This year, there are 8 reports for special economic and geographic groups with Paci?c Alliance being included for the ?rst
time. Please also note that from this year, the report for Sudan no longer includes data on South Sudan.
ECONOMIC AND GEOGRAPHIC GROUPS
17
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015
Economic impact reports:
regions, sub-regions and countries
WORLD
REGION
SUB-
REGION
COUNTRY
A
F
R
I
C
A
N
O
R
T
H
A
F
R
I
C
A
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
Tunisia
S
U
B
-
S
A
H
A
R
A
N
Angola
Benin
Botswana
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cameroon
Cape Verde
Central African
Republic
Chad
Comoros
Democratic
Republic of Congo
Ethiopia
Gabon
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Ivory Coast
Kenya
Lesotho
Madagascar
Malawi
Mali
Mauritius
Mozambique
Namibia
Niger
Nigeria
Republic of Congo
Reunion
Rwanda
Sao Tome &
Principe
Senegal
Seychelles
Sierra Leone
South Africa
Sudan
Swaziland
Tanzania
Togo
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
REGION
SUB-
REGION
COUNTRY
E
U
R
O
P
E
E
U
R
O
P
E
A
N
U
N
I
O
N
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malta
Netherlands
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
UK
O
T
H
E
R
E
U
R
O
P
E
Albania
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Bosnia
Herzegovina
Georgia
Iceland
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Macedonia
Moldova
Montenegro
Norway
Russian
Federation
Serbia
Switzerland
Turkey
Ukraine
Uzbekistan
M
I
D
D
L
E
E
A
S
T
Bahrain
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Syria
UAE
Yemen
REGION
SUB-
REGION
COUNTRY
A
S
I
A
-
P
A
C
I
F
I
C
N
O
R
T
H
E
A
S
T
A
S
I
A
Japan
China
Hong Kong
South Korea
Macau
Taiwan
Mongolia
O
C
E
A
N
I
A
Australia
New Zealand
Fiji
Kiribati
Other Oceania
Papua
New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Tonga
Vanuatu
S
O
U
T
H
A
S
I
A
Bangladesh
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
S
O
U
T
H
E
A
S
T
A
S
I
A
Brunei
Cambodia
Indonesia
Laos
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Vietnam
E
U
R
O
P
E
E
U
R
O
P
E
A
N
U
N
I
O
N
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
REGION
SUB-
REGION
COUNTRY
A
M
E
R
I
C
A
S
C
A
R
I
B
B
E
A
N
Anguilla
Antigua &
Barbuda
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Bermuda
Cayman Islands
Cuba
Former
Netherlands
Antilles
Dominica
Dominican
Republic
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Haiti
Jamaica
Martinique
Puerto Rico
St Kitts & Nevis
St Lucia
St Vincent & the
Grenadines
Trinidad &
Tobago
UK Virgin Islands
US Virgin Islands
L
A
T
I
N
A
M
E
R
I
C
A
Argentina
Belize
Bolivia
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
El Salvador
Ecuador
Guatemala
Guyana
Honduras
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Suriname
Uruguay
Venezuela
N
O
R
T
H
A
M
E
R
I
C
A
Canada
Mexico
USA
18
WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2015
THE WORLD TRAVEL & TOURISM COUNCIL IS
THE GLOBAL AUTHORITY ON THE ECONOMIC AND
SOCIAL CONTRIBUTION OF TRAVEL & TOURISM.
WTTC promotes sustainable growth for the sector, working with governments and
international institutions to create jobs, to drive exports and to generate prosperity. Council
Members are the Chairs, Presidents and Chief Executives of the world’s leading, private sector
Travel & Tourism businesses.
Together with its research partner, Oxford Economics, WTTC produces annual research that
shows Travel & Tourism to be one of the world’s largest sectors, supporting over 276 million
jobs and generating 9.8% of global GDP in 2014. Comprehensive reports quantify, compare and
forecast the economic impact of Travel & Tourism on 184 economies around the world. In addition
to the individual country reports, WTTC produces a world report highlighting global trends and 24
further reports that focus on regions, sub-regions and economic and geographic groups.
To download reports or data, please visit www.wttc.org
ASSISTING WTTC TO PROVIDE TOOLS FOR ANALYSIS,
BENCHMARKING, FORECASTING AND PLANNING.
Over the last 33 years, Oxford Economics has built a diverse and loyal client base of over 800
international organisations, including leading multinational companies and ?nancial institutions;
key government bodies and trade associations; and top universities, consultancies, and think
tanks. Headquartered in Oxford, England, with regional centres in London, New York and
Singapore, Oxford Economics has of?ces across the globe in Belfast, Chicago, Dubai, Miami,
Milan, Paris, Philadelphia, San Francisco, and Washington DC. The company employs over 140
full-time people, including more than 90 professional economists, industry experts and business
editors – one of the largest teams of macroeconomists and thought leadership specialists –
underpinned by our heritage with Oxford University and the academic community including a
contributor network of over 500 economists, analysts and journalists around the world.
For more information, please take advantage of a free trial on our website,
www.oxfordeconomics.com or contact Frances Nicholls, Director of Business Development,
Oxford Economics Ltd, Broadwall House, 21 Broadwall, London SE1 9PL.
Email: [email protected]
CHAIRMAN
TUI DEUTSCHLAND GMBH &
TUIFLY GMBH
Dr Michael Frenzel
Chairman of the Supervisory
Boards
PRESIDENT & CEO
WORLD TRAVEL & TOURISM
COUNCIL
David Scowsill
VICE CHAIRMEN
BEIJING TOURISM GROUP
DUAN Qiang
Chairman
ETIHAD AIRWAYS
James Hogan
CEO
HILTON WORLDWIDE
Christopher J Nassetta
President & CEO
JUMEIRAH GROUP
Gerald Lawless
President & Group CEO
MANDARIN ORIENTAL
Edouard Ettedgui
Group Chief Executive
SILVERSEA CRUISES
Manfredi Lefebvre d’Ovidio di
Balsorano de Clunieres
Chairman
THE TRAVEL CORPORATION
Brett Tollman
President & Chief Executive
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
ABERCROMBIE & KENT
Geoffrey J W Kent
Founder, Chairman & CEO
ACCOR
Sébastien Bazin
Chairman & CEO
AMERICAN EXPRESS
COMPANY
William Glenn
President & CEO of American
Express Global Business Travel
AMERICAN INTERNATIONAL
GROUP, INC
Jeffrey C Rutledge
Chief Executive Officer, AIG
Travel
BHARAT HOTELS
Jyotsna Suri
Chairperson & Managing Director
CARLSON
Douglas Anderson
President & CEO Carlson
Wagonlit Travel
DUBAI AIRPORTS
INTERNATIONAL
Paul Griffiths
CEO
EMIRATES
Gary Chapman
President Group Services &
Dnata, Emirates Group
HNA GROUP
CHEN Feng
Chairman of the Board
INTERCONTINENTAL HOTELS
GROUP
Richard Solomons
CEO
JTB CORP
Hiromi Tagawa
Chairman of the Board
MARRIOTT INTERNATIONAL
JW Marriott, Jr
Chairman
Arne M Sorenson
President & CEO
OUTRIGGER ENTERPRISES
GROUP
Richard R Kelley
Chairman Emeritus
REVOLUTION PLACES, LLC
Philippe Bourguignon
Vice Chairman
ROYAL CARIBBEAN CRUISES
Richard D Fain
Chairman & CEO
SABRE HOLDINGS
Tom Klein
President & CEO
SHUN TAK HOLDINGS LIMITED
Pansy Ho
Managing Director
TRAVELPORT
Gordon Wilson
President & CEO
TSOGO SUN GROUP
Marcel von Aulock
CEO
VISITBRITAIN
Christopher Rodrigues, CBE
Chairman
WYNDHAM WORLDWIDE
Stephen P Holmes
Chairman & CEO
GLOBAL MEMBERS
ABU DHABI TOURISM &
CULTURE AUTHORITY
Mubarak Hamad Al Muhairi
Director General
AGODA
Rob Rosenstein
CEO
ALL NIPPON AIRWAYS (ANA)
Osamu Shinobe
President & CEO
ALTOUR
Alexandre Chemla
President
AMADEUS IT GROUP SA
Luis Maroto
President & CEO
AVIS BUDGET GROUP
Ronald L Nelson
Chairman & CEO
BEIJING CAPITAL
INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT CO
LIU Xuesong
General Manager
SHI Boli
General Manager
BEIJING TOURISM GROUP
LIU Yi
President
BRITISH AIRWAYS
Keith Williams
Executive Chairman
CANNERY ROW COMPANY
Ted J Balestreri
Chairman & CEO
CHANGI AIRPORT GROUP
Lee Seow Hiang
CEO
CHICAGO DEPARTMENT OF
AVIATION
Michael Boland
Acting Commissioner
CHINA EASTERN AIRLINES
LIU Shaoyong
Chairman
CHINA INTERNATIONAL
TRAVEL SERVICE, HEAD
OFFICE (CITS)
YU Ningning
President
CHINA SOUTHERN AIRLINES
TAN Wangeng
President & CEO
CHIMELONG
SU Zhigang
Chairman & CEO
CHEN Wancheng
President
COSTA CRUISES
Michael Thamm
CEO
CORPORATE TRAVEL
SERVICES
José Luis Castro
Founder & CEO
CROWN LIMITED
Rowen Craigie
Managing Director & CEO
CTRIP.COM INTERNATIONAL
FAN Min
Vice Chairman of the Board and
President
DALLAS FORT WORTH
AIRPORT
Sean Donohue
CEO
DFS GROUP
Philippe Schaus
Chairman & CEO
DEPARTMENT OF TOURISM
& COMMERCE MARKETING,
GOVERNMENT OF DUBAI
H.E. Helal Saeed Khalfan Al
Marri
Director General
DIAMOND RESORTS
INTERNATIONAL
Stephen J Cloobeck
Founder & Chairman
DUBAILAND
Mohammed Al Habbai
CEO
EAST JAPAN RAILWAY
COMPANY
Satoshi Seino
Chairman & Director
ENTERPRISE HOLDINGS
Pamela Nicholson
CEO
EXPEDIA INC
Dara Khosrowshahi
President & CEO
FAIRMONT HOTELS &
RESORTS
Jennifer Fox
President
FINTRAX
John Moore
Chairman
GLOBAL BLUE GROUP
David Baxby
President & CEO
GLOBAL LEISURE PARTNERS
LLP
Mark Harms
Chairman & CEO
GREATER TORONTO
AIRPORTS AUTHORITY
Howard Eng
President & CEO
HAWAIIAN AIR
Mark Dunkerley
President & CEO
HERTZ CORPORATION
Michel Taride
President, Hertz International
HOGG ROBINSON GROUP
David Radcliffe
Chief Executive
HONG KONG & SHANGHAI
HOTELS
Clement Kwok
Managing Director & CEO
HUANGSHAN TOURISM
GROUP
HUANG Linmu
President and Chairman of the
Board
HYATT HOTELS
CORPORATION
Mark S Hoplamazian
President and CEO
IBM
Marty Salfen
General Manager, Global Travel
& Transportation Industry
INDIAN HOTELS COMPANY
LTD
Rakesh K Sarna
Managing Director & CEO
INTERNATIONAL AIRLINES
GROUP
Willie Walsh
Chief Executive
JAPAN AIRLINES CO. LTD
Masaru Onishi
Chairman
KERZNER INTERNATIONAL
Alan Leibman
CEO
KUONI TRAVEL HOLDING LTD
Peter Meier
CEO
LAS VEGAS SANDS CORP.
Robert Goldstein
President and Chief Operating
Officer
LEBUA HOTELS & RESORTS
Narawadee Bualert
President
Deepak Ohri
CEO
LOTTE
Dong-Bin Shin
Chairman
MESSE BERLIN GMBH
Christian Göke
President & CEO
MISSION HILLS GROUP
Dr Ken Chu
Chairman & CEO
NH HOTEL GROUP
Federico Gonzalez Tejera
CEO
NOEL GROUP, A BERKSHIRE
HATHAWAY COMPANY
John M. Noel
CEO
NORWEGIAN CRUISE LINES
Frank Del Rio
President & CEO
ORBITZ WORLDWIDE
Barney Harford
CEO
OTI HOLDING
Ayhan Bektas
Chairman
OZALTIN HOLDING
Öznur Özdemir Özaltin
Chief Executive Özaltin Holding
(Tourism Group)
PEAK ADVENTURE TRAVEL
Darrell Wade
CEO
QUNAR
ZHUANG Chenchao
Co-Founder & CEO
RADISSON EDWARDIAN
HOTELS
Jasminder Singh
Chairman & CEO
RELAIS & CHÂTEAUX
Philippe Gombert
President International, Chairman
of the Board
R TAUCK & PARTNER
Robin Tauck
President
SHANGHAI JIN JIANG
INTERNATIONAL HOTELS
YANG Weimin
CEO
SHANGHAI SPRING
INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL
SERVICES
XIAO Qianhui
General Manager
STARWOOD HOTELS &
RESORTS WORLDWIDE
Adam Aron
CEO
TAP PORTUGAL
Fernando Pinto
CEO
TRAVEL LEADERS GROUP
Michael Batt
Founder & Chairman
TURKISH AIRLINES
Temel Kotil
CEO
UNITED AIRLINES
Jeff Smisek
President & CEO
Jim Compton
Vice Chairman & Chief Revenue
Officer
VALUE RETAIL
Desiree Bollier
CEO
VIRTUOSO
Matthew D Upchurch CTC
CEO
ZAGAT SURVEY LLC
Tim Zagat
Co-Founder, Co-Chair & CEO
INDUSTRY PARTNERS
BOSTON CONSULTING
GROUP
Achim Fechtel
Senior Partner & Managing
Director
THE COCA-COLA COMPANY
Stefanie D Miller
Group Vice President, Strategic
Partnership Marketing
DELOITTE
Adam Weissenberg
Vice Chairman, Global Travel,
Hospitality & Leisure Leader
ECOLAB
Michael Hickey
Executive Vice President and
President, Global Institutional
GOLDMAN SACHS
Ben Leahy
Managing Director, Investment
Banking Division
Rob Torres
Managing Director for Travel
JCB
Koremitsu Sannomiya
President & Chief Operating
Officer
JONES LANG LASALLE
HOTELS
Arthur de Haast
Chairman Hotels & Hospitality
Group
SPENCER STUART
Jerry Noonan
Global Consumer Leader
TOSHIBA CORPORATION
Atsutoshi Nishida
Chairman of the Board
VISA WORLDWIDE
Ross Jackson
Vice President, Cross-Border,
Brand, Product & Client
Marketing Asia Pacific Region
REGIONAL MEMBERS
ABACUS INTERNATIONAL
Robert Bailey
President & CEO
ACTION GROUP HOLDING
H E Sheikh Mubarak Al
Abdullah Al Mubarak Al Sabah
Chairman
ALATUR
Ricardo Souto Ferreira
Vice President
ALPITOUR
Gabriele Burgio
CEO
AMBASSADOR HOTEL GROUP
Jung-Ho Suh
Chairman
APPLE LEISURE GROUP
Alex Zozaya
Chairman & CEO
COCHA TRAVEL
Mario Fuenzalida
CEO
DESPEGAR
Roberto Souviron
CEO
DIETHELM TRAVEL
Maarten Groeneveld
CEO
DOURO AZUL
Mário Ferreira
President & CEO
EL CID RESORTS
Carlos Berdegué
CEO
GRUPO MASO
Esteban Torbar
CEO
HAKUBA HOTEL GROUP
Adrian Bell
CEO
HELLOWORLD
Elizabeth Gaines
CEO
JA RESORTS AND HOTELS
David Thomson
COO
MINOR HOTEL GROUP
Dillip Rajakarier
CEO
NORTHERN CAUCASUS
RESORTS
Sergey Victorovich
Vereshchagin
Director General
NRMA GROUP
Tony Stuart
Group CEO
PALACE RESORTS
José Chapur Zahoul
President
PREMIER HOTELS &
RESORTS
Claudio Silvestri
President & CEO
ROTANA HOTEL
MANAGEMENT
CORPORATION
Omer Kaddouri
President & CEO
SENTOSA DEVELOPMENT
CORPORATION
Mike Barclay
CEO
SHKP HOTELS
Ricco De Blank
CEO
SONEVA RESORTS
Sonu Shivdasani
Chairman & CEO
SOUTH AMERICAN TOURS
Federico Bueker
CEO
SWAIN DESTINATIONS
Ian Swain
President
THOMAS COOK INDIA
Madhaven Menon
Managing Director
TREND OPERADORA LTDA
Luis Paulo Luppa
President
Harlequin Building
65 Southwark Street
London, SE1 0HR
United Kingdom
Telephone: +44 (0)20 7481 8007
Fax: +44 (0) 207 488 1008
Email: [email protected]
www.wttc.org
Travel Pays
General services
General services
Raw materials
Raw materials
Which pays for:
Wages, Salaries,
Profits, Taxes.
Which
subsequently
pays for:
Pays
directly
into:
Train
RV
Cruise Line
Air
Rental Car
Accommodations
Motorcoach
Entertainment
Theatre
Gas
Spor ts Arenas
Restaurants
Meeting Convention
Recreation
Banks
Banks
Shopping
Shopping
Travel Agents
Pets
Hospitals
Communication
Schools
Tecnologies
Farms
WTTC
Transpor tation
Infrastructure
Real Estate
Travellers
£$¥€
doc_731443489.pdf