Description
An international airport is an airport that can accommodate international flights. They are typically equipped with customs and immigration facilities.
Austin Bergstrom International Airport Safety Risk Management Overview and Training Exercises, “Train the Trainer”
September 16, 2008
Presented by: Jacobs Carter Burgess SMS Project Team
What is a Safety Management System?
Safety Risk Management
Page 2
What is Safety Risk Management?
Safety Risk Management means being both reactive from a historical perspective and proactive from a speculative or anticipatory analysis. By reviewing past occurrences and considering changes in progress, a probability and severity assessment can be utilized to mitigate hazards and potential hazards to an acceptable level.
Page 3
Safety Risk Management, continued
The SRM process is utilized when changes in a system (i.e. the airports’ configuration, operation, procedures, new equipment, expanded or personnel responsibilities, etc.) are either planned or occur. Any changes to an existing system or systems can introduce adverse hazards which may result in incidents or accidents.
Page 4
C JA O B S EN G IN R EE IN
ic R rd ha C on pt om
HAZARD HAZARD
Incident?
G
SAFETY LAYER 1
SAFETY LAYER 2
SAFETY LAYER 3
SAFETY LAYER 4
HAZARD
HAZARD
HAZARD
Accident?
Reason Swiss Cheese Multi-Layer Safety Model
Safety Risk Management, continued
Risk is the assessment of the likelihood of occurrence and the predictable severity of each identified hazard. SRM provides the process for evaluation of the various risks and the systematic analysis, mitigation and corrective course of action to:
Either eliminate the risk(s), or Reduce the probability and severity of the risk(s) to an acceptable level.
Page 6
Safety Risk Management Examples
Examples when SRM would be required are:
Configuration changes at the airport, whether temporary or permanent; The design of new systems, procedures, and/or organizations; Any proposed changes to an existing operation, procedures, equipment, personnel and/or environment; or Hazards identified during operations or safety assurance functions, such as audits or safety reports.
Page 7
Safety Risk Management Process
Once hazards have been identified, they are assessed and analyzed for their potential impact on safety. Mitigation of the potential hazard is developed to minimize the risk to an acceptable level. The mitigation of the risks, development of revisions, modifications, contingency arrangements and the implementation of mitigation strategies, requires conscious management decisions to approve, fund, schedule, and implement one or more risk strategies.
Page 8
Safety Risk Management Process
The Safety Risk Management Process consists of five functional phases:
1. Describe the System, Procedure, or Organization 2. Hazard Identification 3. Analyze the Risk 4. Assess the Risk 5. Treat the Risk & Monitor for Effectiveness
Page 9
Safety Risk Management – Phase 1
Describe the System, Procedure, or Organization;
Project, procedure, activity, equipment, and/or organization
In describing the system (current & proposed):
Define, the configuration, use, intended operation, function and/or task descriptions Define what changes are proposed Define, the scope, objectives and implementation interactions
Page 10
Safety Risk Management – Phase 2
Hazard Identification
All potential hazards will be listed,
Hazard
identification comes from;
Planning meetings, Reports, safety concerns, Data collection & assessment, Locally developed “Check-Lists”, or “Lessons Learned” and previous experiences
Page 11
Hazard Identification Table
Each hazard that is identified will be added to the list, without pre-judgment.
1
Construction haul route crosses active taxiway
No Flagman
Contractor could use wrong height equipment
2
Construction equipment height at the work area Temporary FAA maintenance personnel route will crosses an active taxiway
3
Assume FAA understands the rules
4
5
Page 12
Safety Risk Management – Phase 3
Analyze the risk for each hazard
Group hazards for commonality
Re-write
for consolidation
Ask the open-ended questions
What
if….?,
Why did….?
Determine the trigger mechanisms and their various outcomes Identify existing controls
Page 13
Hazard Identification Table
1 Construction haul route crosses active taxiway Construction vehicle height at the work area No Flagman
Contractor could use wrong height equipment
2
Consolidate common hazards!
3
Temporary FAA maintenance personnel route will crosses an active taxiway
Assume FAA understands the rules
1
Vehicles crossing active Taxiway “A” between “A1” and “A2”
Unrestricted access
Page 14
Safety Risk Management – Phase 4
Assess the hazard
Assess the severity and likelihood of occurrence by use of Risk Matrix Prioritize the risk and results from the Risk Matrix
1
Vehicles crossing active Taxiway “A” between “A1” and “A2”
Unrestricted access
Page 15
Safety Risk Management - Matrix
Mitigating Risk to an acceptable level
1R 1
Page 16
Safety Risk Management – Phase 5
Mitigate/Treat the Risk
Identify risk mitigation options
Hazard
reduction or elimination
Select best-suited option & implementation strategy
As
Low As Reasonably Possible (ALARP)
Identify monitoring strategies for effectiveness of mitigation Identify management level(s) for risk mitigation decisions
Page 17
Safety Risk Management – Phase 5 (cont.)
Hazard Reduction or Elimination
Design and/or modify the hazard for minimization or elimination Reduce exposure and severity – physical guards or barriers Warnings, advisories, and/or signals Procedural and/or operational changes Training for hazard avoidance Upon completion, re-apply SRM process on the substituted or eliminated risks Track changes to system, procedure, equipment, personnel and/or environment through data capture, monitoring, reporting, and debriefs
Page 18
Decision Reporting
Safety Risk Management – SRMDR
Page 19
Safety Risk Management – SRMDR
Safety Risk Management Decision Report (SRMDR)
The development of a SRMDR, is the formal documentation of SRM decisions. Each SRMDR must:
Describe the hazard and analysis process Explain mitigating options and implementation strategy Identify the responsible management organization for this task or activity Identify stakeholders for implementation, communications, and training requirements Identify monitoring strategies for effectiveness of mitigation
Page 20
SRMDR Forms
Multiple Hazard Reports for a Project is Typical
Page 21
SRMDR Forms
Page 22
SRMDR Forms
• Simplified, or • Expanded
Page 23
Safety Risk Management – SRMDR
Safety Risk Management Decision Reports should be completed by the SMS Coordinator Approvals of SRMDR’s should be at the division head level or above. Approval of the SRMDR certifies that:
It was developed properly. Hazards were systematically identified. Risks were appropriately assessed, mitigated and the risks are acceptable
Page 24
Safety Risk Management (SRM) Training
Page 25
Practical Training Exercises
2 Projects Planned for SRM Determinations
#1 - Roadway within Runway Clear Areas #2 - ABIA identified project
Page 26
Training Exercise #1
Roadway within Runway Airport Operations Areas
Page 27
Training Exercise #1 – Project Area
Roadway within the Airport Operations Area
Page 28
Training Exercise #1 - Issues
Roadway penetrates; • OFZ • RSA • OFA
OFZ RSA OFA
Page 29
Training Exercise #1 – Detailed Issues
RSA OFZ OFA
RUNWAY Page 30
Training Exercise #1 – Project Access
Page 31
Training Exercise #1 – Project Plan
OFZ / Construction Limits Haul Routes
Staging Area
New Roadway
Page 32
Populating the Hazard List
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Staging area location Haul route Construction equipment type Runway Operations Work within OFZ, RSA or OFA Weather Low visibility Navaids Pilot Distractions Dust
Page 33
Construction & Maintenance Checklist
Page 34
Safety Risk Management - Matrix
Mitigating Risk to an acceptable level
HIGH RISK MODERATE HIGH RISK MEDIUM RISK LOW RISK
Page 35
Hazard Identification Table
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Page 36
Safety Risk Management - Matrix
Mapping the Risk
1R 1
2R 2
4R 4
3R 3 5R 5
Page 37
SRMDR Hazard Form
6 5 1 4
3
2
Page 38
SRMDR Report Form
Simplified, or Expanded. The SRMDR Report can be as brief or complex as need / risk demands.
Page 39
Training Exercise #1 - SRMDR
OFZ / Construction Limits Haul Routes
Staging Area
Hazard Identification Analyze Each Risk Assess the Risk
New Roadway
Page 40
Training Exercise #1
Treat the Risk SRM Determination Tracking Mitigation Effectiveness
Page 41
Training Exercise #2
_________________ Project
Page 42
Training Exercise #2
Project Selection
Select a project within the area identified in RED, for SRM Approval Not too simple Challenge yourself! Time limit – 90 minutes Project Scope Hazard List Hazard Analysis Worksheets Preliminary Hazard Analysis Worksheet Risk Matrix Mapping SRMDR
Page 43
Training Exercise #2 – ABIA Project
Haul Route 2
Construct Apron
Keep Drainage Detention
Access Taxiway Haul Route 1
Page 44
Training Exercise #2
Page 45
Training Exercise #2
Page 46
Training Exercise #2
Page 47
SRMDR Form – Hazard List
Page 48
SRMDR Form – Hazard Analysis Worksheet
Page 49
SRMDR Form – Hazard Identification Table
Page 50
Safety Risk Management - Matrix
Mitigating Risk to an acceptable level
Page 51
Safety Risk Management - Matrix Mitigating Risk to an acceptable level
Page 52
SRMDR Form – SMRDR Report
Page 53
SRMDR Form – SMRDR Report
Page 54
SRMDR Form – SMRDR Report
Page 55
SRM Life Cycle / Style Describe System Evaluate Effectiveness Monitor Identify Hazards Analyze & Assess Risk Mitigate Communicate
Page 56
Implement
Thank You!
Your Jacobs Carter Burgess SMS Team
doc_129300295.pdf
An international airport is an airport that can accommodate international flights. They are typically equipped with customs and immigration facilities.
Austin Bergstrom International Airport Safety Risk Management Overview and Training Exercises, “Train the Trainer”
September 16, 2008
Presented by: Jacobs Carter Burgess SMS Project Team
What is a Safety Management System?
Safety Risk Management
Page 2
What is Safety Risk Management?
Safety Risk Management means being both reactive from a historical perspective and proactive from a speculative or anticipatory analysis. By reviewing past occurrences and considering changes in progress, a probability and severity assessment can be utilized to mitigate hazards and potential hazards to an acceptable level.
Page 3
Safety Risk Management, continued
The SRM process is utilized when changes in a system (i.e. the airports’ configuration, operation, procedures, new equipment, expanded or personnel responsibilities, etc.) are either planned or occur. Any changes to an existing system or systems can introduce adverse hazards which may result in incidents or accidents.
Page 4
C JA O B S EN G IN R EE IN
ic R rd ha C on pt om
HAZARD HAZARD
Incident?
G
SAFETY LAYER 1
SAFETY LAYER 2
SAFETY LAYER 3
SAFETY LAYER 4
HAZARD
HAZARD
HAZARD
Accident?
Reason Swiss Cheese Multi-Layer Safety Model
Safety Risk Management, continued
Risk is the assessment of the likelihood of occurrence and the predictable severity of each identified hazard. SRM provides the process for evaluation of the various risks and the systematic analysis, mitigation and corrective course of action to:
Either eliminate the risk(s), or Reduce the probability and severity of the risk(s) to an acceptable level.
Page 6
Safety Risk Management Examples
Examples when SRM would be required are:
Configuration changes at the airport, whether temporary or permanent; The design of new systems, procedures, and/or organizations; Any proposed changes to an existing operation, procedures, equipment, personnel and/or environment; or Hazards identified during operations or safety assurance functions, such as audits or safety reports.
Page 7
Safety Risk Management Process
Once hazards have been identified, they are assessed and analyzed for their potential impact on safety. Mitigation of the potential hazard is developed to minimize the risk to an acceptable level. The mitigation of the risks, development of revisions, modifications, contingency arrangements and the implementation of mitigation strategies, requires conscious management decisions to approve, fund, schedule, and implement one or more risk strategies.
Page 8
Safety Risk Management Process
The Safety Risk Management Process consists of five functional phases:
1. Describe the System, Procedure, or Organization 2. Hazard Identification 3. Analyze the Risk 4. Assess the Risk 5. Treat the Risk & Monitor for Effectiveness
Page 9
Safety Risk Management – Phase 1
Describe the System, Procedure, or Organization;
Project, procedure, activity, equipment, and/or organization
In describing the system (current & proposed):
Define, the configuration, use, intended operation, function and/or task descriptions Define what changes are proposed Define, the scope, objectives and implementation interactions
Page 10
Safety Risk Management – Phase 2
Hazard Identification
All potential hazards will be listed,
Hazard
identification comes from;
Planning meetings, Reports, safety concerns, Data collection & assessment, Locally developed “Check-Lists”, or “Lessons Learned” and previous experiences
Page 11
Hazard Identification Table
Each hazard that is identified will be added to the list, without pre-judgment.
1
Construction haul route crosses active taxiway
No Flagman
Contractor could use wrong height equipment
2
Construction equipment height at the work area Temporary FAA maintenance personnel route will crosses an active taxiway
3
Assume FAA understands the rules
4
5
Page 12
Safety Risk Management – Phase 3
Analyze the risk for each hazard
Group hazards for commonality
Re-write
for consolidation
Ask the open-ended questions
What
if….?,
Why did….?
Determine the trigger mechanisms and their various outcomes Identify existing controls
Page 13
Hazard Identification Table
1 Construction haul route crosses active taxiway Construction vehicle height at the work area No Flagman
Contractor could use wrong height equipment
2
Consolidate common hazards!
3
Temporary FAA maintenance personnel route will crosses an active taxiway
Assume FAA understands the rules
1
Vehicles crossing active Taxiway “A” between “A1” and “A2”
Unrestricted access
Page 14
Safety Risk Management – Phase 4
Assess the hazard
Assess the severity and likelihood of occurrence by use of Risk Matrix Prioritize the risk and results from the Risk Matrix
1
Vehicles crossing active Taxiway “A” between “A1” and “A2”
Unrestricted access
Page 15
Safety Risk Management - Matrix
Mitigating Risk to an acceptable level
1R 1
Page 16
Safety Risk Management – Phase 5
Mitigate/Treat the Risk
Identify risk mitigation options
Hazard
reduction or elimination
Select best-suited option & implementation strategy
As
Low As Reasonably Possible (ALARP)
Identify monitoring strategies for effectiveness of mitigation Identify management level(s) for risk mitigation decisions
Page 17
Safety Risk Management – Phase 5 (cont.)
Hazard Reduction or Elimination
Design and/or modify the hazard for minimization or elimination Reduce exposure and severity – physical guards or barriers Warnings, advisories, and/or signals Procedural and/or operational changes Training for hazard avoidance Upon completion, re-apply SRM process on the substituted or eliminated risks Track changes to system, procedure, equipment, personnel and/or environment through data capture, monitoring, reporting, and debriefs
Page 18
Decision Reporting
Safety Risk Management – SRMDR
Page 19
Safety Risk Management – SRMDR
Safety Risk Management Decision Report (SRMDR)
The development of a SRMDR, is the formal documentation of SRM decisions. Each SRMDR must:
Describe the hazard and analysis process Explain mitigating options and implementation strategy Identify the responsible management organization for this task or activity Identify stakeholders for implementation, communications, and training requirements Identify monitoring strategies for effectiveness of mitigation
Page 20
SRMDR Forms
Multiple Hazard Reports for a Project is Typical
Page 21
SRMDR Forms
Page 22
SRMDR Forms
• Simplified, or • Expanded
Page 23
Safety Risk Management – SRMDR
Safety Risk Management Decision Reports should be completed by the SMS Coordinator Approvals of SRMDR’s should be at the division head level or above. Approval of the SRMDR certifies that:
It was developed properly. Hazards were systematically identified. Risks were appropriately assessed, mitigated and the risks are acceptable
Page 24
Safety Risk Management (SRM) Training
Page 25
Practical Training Exercises
2 Projects Planned for SRM Determinations
#1 - Roadway within Runway Clear Areas #2 - ABIA identified project
Page 26
Training Exercise #1
Roadway within Runway Airport Operations Areas
Page 27
Training Exercise #1 – Project Area
Roadway within the Airport Operations Area
Page 28
Training Exercise #1 - Issues
Roadway penetrates; • OFZ • RSA • OFA
OFZ RSA OFA
Page 29
Training Exercise #1 – Detailed Issues
RSA OFZ OFA
RUNWAY Page 30
Training Exercise #1 – Project Access
Page 31
Training Exercise #1 – Project Plan
OFZ / Construction Limits Haul Routes
Staging Area
New Roadway
Page 32
Populating the Hazard List
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Staging area location Haul route Construction equipment type Runway Operations Work within OFZ, RSA or OFA Weather Low visibility Navaids Pilot Distractions Dust
Page 33
Construction & Maintenance Checklist
Page 34
Safety Risk Management - Matrix
Mitigating Risk to an acceptable level
HIGH RISK MODERATE HIGH RISK MEDIUM RISK LOW RISK
Page 35
Hazard Identification Table
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Page 36
Safety Risk Management - Matrix
Mapping the Risk
1R 1
2R 2
4R 4
3R 3 5R 5
Page 37
SRMDR Hazard Form
6 5 1 4
3
2
Page 38
SRMDR Report Form
Simplified, or Expanded. The SRMDR Report can be as brief or complex as need / risk demands.
Page 39
Training Exercise #1 - SRMDR
OFZ / Construction Limits Haul Routes
Staging Area
Hazard Identification Analyze Each Risk Assess the Risk
New Roadway
Page 40
Training Exercise #1
Treat the Risk SRM Determination Tracking Mitigation Effectiveness
Page 41
Training Exercise #2
_________________ Project
Page 42
Training Exercise #2
Project Selection
Select a project within the area identified in RED, for SRM Approval Not too simple Challenge yourself! Time limit – 90 minutes Project Scope Hazard List Hazard Analysis Worksheets Preliminary Hazard Analysis Worksheet Risk Matrix Mapping SRMDR
Page 43
Training Exercise #2 – ABIA Project
Haul Route 2
Construct Apron
Keep Drainage Detention
Access Taxiway Haul Route 1
Page 44
Training Exercise #2
Page 45
Training Exercise #2
Page 46
Training Exercise #2
Page 47
SRMDR Form – Hazard List
Page 48
SRMDR Form – Hazard Analysis Worksheet
Page 49
SRMDR Form – Hazard Identification Table
Page 50
Safety Risk Management - Matrix
Mitigating Risk to an acceptable level
Page 51
Safety Risk Management - Matrix Mitigating Risk to an acceptable level
Page 52
SRMDR Form – SMRDR Report
Page 53
SRMDR Form – SMRDR Report
Page 54
SRMDR Form – SMRDR Report
Page 55
SRM Life Cycle / Style Describe System Evaluate Effectiveness Monitor Identify Hazards Analyze & Assess Risk Mitigate Communicate
Page 56
Implement
Thank You!
Your Jacobs Carter Burgess SMS Team
doc_129300295.pdf