Studies in Business Organizational Structure and Activity from Tax Data

Description
Studies of businesses based on tax and information returns filed with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) have generally focused on the financial activities or behaviors of one or more business legal or organizational types. The motives for these studies have generally been: (1) to examine and analyze data on one form of business over time, or (2) to examine the dynamics of shifting from one organizational form to another based on various factors, including incentives (or disincentives) in theInternal Revenue Code (IRC).

- 9 -
? Introduction
Studies of businesses based on tax and information
returns fled with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS)
have generally focused on the fnancial activities or be-
haviors of one or more business legal or organizational
types. The motives for these studies have generally been:
(1) to examine and analyze data on one form of business
over time, or (2) to examine the dynamics of shifting
from one organizational form to another based on vari-
ous factors, including incentives (or disincentives) in the
Internal Revenue Code (IRC). Studies in IRS’s Statistics
of Income (SOI) Division have most often been the frst
type. This approach has contributed to the understand-
ing of the effect of taxation on the business sector, but
has not taken into consideration the dynamic and “zero
sum” dimensions of business activity--that businesses
conduct proft-seeking activities in a variety of legal
modes, and that they examine various alternative forms
of organizational structure to optimize growth and after-
tax profts. The SOI Integrated Business Database (IBD)
is being developed to provide evidence that businesses
do, in fact, pursue optimal organizational structures. This
initiative is an extension of earlier work in SOI, expanded
to include Tax Years 1980-2002, incorporating the latest
years for which complete SOI data are available.
1- 8

This paper is divided into four sections. The frst
section briefy provides background information on the
tax treatment of business income. The second section
briefy summarizes major tax law changes that affected
the taxation of business income in the period 1980-2002.
The third section presents and analyzes data from annual
SOI cross-sectional business studies, and the fnal section
notes some conclusions and plans for future research.
? Taxation of Business Income
The tax treatment of the many organizational forms
is complicated and varies considerably; so, only brief
summaries of Federal taxation of business income are
provided. The major legal forms of economic organiza-
tion are: corporations, partnerships, and nonfarm sole
proprietorships.
Corporations--Corporations, in this analysis, are
subdivided into those taxed at corporate rates (taxable or
C corporations), and those electing to be taxed through
their shareholders at individual income tax rates. The
latter group includes Subchapter S corporations (or sim-
ply S corporations), Regulated Investment Companies
(RICs), and Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs), all
of which are not taxed at the enterprise level but whose
income similarly fows through to their owners, where it
is subject to tax. C or taxable corporate income is gen-
erally taxed directly at the business level, then again at
the shareholder level, at the applicable rates on dividend
income. However, certain provisions in the Federal
tax code lessen this effect. First, the corporate income
potentially taxable at the shareholder level excludes the
taxes paid by the corporation; so, income distributed to
corporate shareholders is only taxable on the after-tax
profts earned by the corporation. Second, the after-tax
income of the corporation is not taxable at the share-
holder level until it is paid out in dividends or until the
shareholder realizes capital gains by selling shares that
appreciated in value.
Subchapter S corporations are usually small, closely
held corporations that are not taxed directly. With some
exceptions, their incomes are subject to tax only at the
owner level, much like the fowthrough treatment of
partnerships. Owners of S corporations report their pro
rata shares of income or loss on their own tax returns.
Although S corporations have attractive features, they do
face restrictions, including limitations on the number and
type of shareholders and on the classes of stock permit-
ted, and prohibition of foreign or corporate ownership.
Similar to S corporations, the profts of RICs and REITs
are not taxed at the enterprise level but fow through to
their owners, where they are subject to tax.
Partnerships--Like an S corporation, a partnership
serves as a conduit between a business and its owners,
An Analysis of Business Organizational Structure
and Activity from Tax Data
Tom Petska, Michael Parisi, Kelly Luttrell, Lucy Davitian, and Matt Scoffc
Internal Revenue Service
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PETSKA, PARISI, LUTTRELL, DAVITIAN, AND SCOFFIC
in this case, its partners. The partnership entity is thus
not taxed directly. Each partnership fles an annual in-
formation return, which includes an income statement,
balance sheet (in most cases), and a schedule of alloca-
tions or distributions made to each partner. Partners are
predominately, though not exclusively, individuals who
report their allocated shares of income and expenses
on their own tax returns. Partnerships may be general
partnerships, limited partnerships, or limited liability
companies (LLCs). General partnerships, and general
partners as well, face personal liability limited only by
their personal resources and the applicable bankruptcy
laws. Limited partners are more like corporate share-
holders, with liability limited to the amount invested
and with no active participation in management of the
business.
A relative newcomer among for-proft businesses
is the limited liability company, or LLC. These entities
have the limited liability of corporations, but are taxed
in the partnership model--income and expenses fow
through the LLC to the owners, who are taxed on their
pro rata shares. Unlike S corporations, however, LLCs
do not have the extensive restrictions on the number
and composition of owners. LLCs report their fnancial
activities on their applicable business tax forms, most
commonly the partnership information return (Form
1065), and indicate that they are fling as an LLC. The
SOI partnership program began identifying these entities
for Tax Year 1993. To provide some perspective on their
prevalence and the scope of their fnancial activities,
summary data on partnership LLCs are included in the
next section.
Sole proprietorships--The profts of nonfarm sole
proprietorships are taxed only at the personal (i.e.,
owner) level. The income statement of sole proprietor-
ships, which summarizes the income and expenses of
the business, is completed on Schedule C (or C-EZ)
of the owner’s individual income tax return. The net
income or loss from the business is added to personal
income from all other sources and taxed at the applicable
individual income tax rates. In effect, the proprietorship
also acts as a conduit through which the income of the
business is passed through to the business owner where
it is subject to tax.
Summary--While it is generally presumed that all
corporate income is subject to double taxation, at both
the entity and shareholder levels, the profts of S cor-
porations, RICs, and REITs are all untaxed at the entity
level and fow through to the owners or shareholders,
similar to the treatment for partnerships. As a result,
in the third section of the paper, we examine profts for
each organizational type and subsequently aggregate
data from all entities with fowthrough characteristics
(including proprietorships) and compare them to C
corporations that are taxed directly and whose incomes
are potentially subject to double taxation.
? Tax Law Changes
The Tax Reform Act of 1986 (TRA86), the most
comprehensive revision of the Internal Revenue Code
since 1954, had a major impact on business decisions in
the period after 1986 through broadening of the tax base
of both individuals and corporations, tightening the cor-
poration “alternative minimum tax,” limiting losses from
passive activities, and repealing the long-term capital
gain exclusion. The most marked effect has been on the
changes made to the individual and corporate marginal
tax rates. In pre-TRA86, the highest individual rate
(50 percent) exceeded the highest corporation rate (46
percent) by 4 percentage points. TRA86 reversed this
trend, starting in 1987 and continuing with the phase-in
of lowered rates in 1988-1990 of 34 percent for corpora-
tions and 28 percent for individuals. However, for 1991
and 1992, this difference between the corporate and
individual marginal rates was cut in half when the top
rate for the latter was increased to 31 percent.
Beginning for Tax Year 1993, the top individual rate
increased to 39.6 percent, surpassing the rate of 35 per-
cent for the highest corporation incomes, and restoring
the pre-TRA relationship where the highest individual
rate exceeded the top corporate rate. In fact, the differ-
ence of 4.6 percentage points between the individual
rate and the corporation rate is similar to the pre-TRA86
difference of 4 percentage points, providing a reversal
of the post-TRA incentive to switch to business types
taxed solely at the individual level. However, this incen-
tive declined with the lowering of top individual rates
beginning for 2001.
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AN ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND ACTIVITY FROM TAX DATA
The Small Business Job Protection Act of 1996
(SBJPA) made several noteworthy changes that af-
fected S corporation flings. First, the Act increased
the maximum number of shareholders from 35 to 75.
Second, it enabled fnancial institutions that did not use
the reserve method of accounting for bad debts to make
an S election. Third, small business trusts electing to
be S corporations were permitted to be shareholders in
an S corporation. Finally, restrictions on the percent-
age of another corporation’s stock that an S corporation
might hold were eliminated, enabling S corporations to
make an election to treat the assets, liabilities, income,
deductions, and credits of wholly owned subsidiaries as
those of the parent S corporation.
Even though the SBJPA eased restrictions on S
corporations, the number of S corporation entities has
not grown as rapidly as partnership limited liability
companies (LLCs). The IRS ruled in late 1988 (Rev-
enue Ruling 88-76, 1988-2 C.B.360) that any Wyoming
LLC would be treated as a partnership, and the door was
opened for other States to consider LLC legislation. By
1993, 36 States allowed LLCs as a legal entity, and that
number grew to 46 States plus the District of Columbia
a year later. By 1997, all 50 States and the District of
Columbia had enacted LLC legislation. The “check-
the-box” regulations, implemented by IRS in January
1997, relaxed the requirements for LLCs to obtain a
favorable partnership tax classifcation, leading to a
wider acceptance of LLCs.
? Analysis of Business Data
The SOI Integrated Business Dataset (IBD) has
been compiled at the table level from the annual SOI
cross-sectional studies of corporations (C and S corpora-
tions), partnerships, and nonfarm sole proprietorships for
1980-2002.
9
Data from these annual statistical studies
are generally publicly available and are published in a
variety of SOI reports. (See the References section.)
They represent weighted estimates of U.S. totals by year
for each legal form or organizational type. The database
combines data from these types of organizations for a
22-year period to enable examination of changes in busi-
ness composition. The IBD is composed of 3 subsets; (1)
selected fnancial data on businesses for all industries
for 1980-2002 (Table 1); (2) selected fnancial data by
size of business receipts for 1998-2002 (Tables 2A-2E);
and selected fnancial data on businesses for 21 North
American Industrial Classifcation System (NAICS)
sectors for 1998-2002 (Tables 3A-3E). Although some
of the data in the IBD have already been published, this
is the frst time that they have been compiled for this
duration, and work on analysis of signifcant trends and
fndings is just beginning.
10
This section is divided into three parts. First, sum-
mary data by organizational type for 1980-2002 are
presented and analyzed. In the next two subsections,
trends in the data between 1998 and 2002 by receipt size
and industrial sector are examined. The period for the
industry data has been restricted since, beginning with
1998, all SOI business studies adopted the new NAICS
industrial classifcation system. Previously, SOI busi-
ness studies, and most economic statistics produced by
Federal agencies, used an industry coding system based
on the Standard Industrial Classifcation (SIC) System.
Although NAICS has substantially improved coverage
on newer, emerging industries, there is a major disconti-
nuity between 1997 and 1998, and, for some industries,
it is diffcult or even impossible to derive a consistent
time series.
? Data for All Industries, 1980-2002
The all-industry data compiled and discussed in this
section include: the number of entities, total and busi-
ness receipts, net income (less defcit), net income, and
defcit. Although this is limited fnancial detail, these data
comprise a consistent time series for the 22-year period
for all types of businesses. Table 1 presents these data
in its most detailed format, while Figures A-G highlight
some of the most signifcant trends.
11

Number of Business Entities--The number of
businesses doubled between 1980 and 2002, from 13
million in 1980 to over 26 million in 2002. Overall,
the growth was relatively steady, with increases in all
years, including even those with declines in real GDP
(1980-1982, 1990-1991, and 2000-2001). However,
unlike the steady overall growth in the number of enti-
ties, the composition of businesses by organizational
type varied considerably. Figure A shows the percent-
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PETSKA, PARISI, LUTTRELL, DAVITIAN, AND SCOFFIC
age composition in the number of business entities for
C corporations, S corporations, partnerships, and sole
proprietorships.
Sole proprietorships were the largest and most
stable component of business entities, accounting for
between 68.6 percent and 74.5 percent of overall busi-
ness entities in all years and growing by 3 percentage
points in the 22-year period, from 68.6 percent in 1980
to 71.6 percent in 2002. C corporations, on the other
hand, accounted for 16.6 percent of business entities in
1980, but their percentage fell steadily to 8.0 percent
in 2002. S corporations accounted for only 4.2 percent
of business entities in 1980, but their share increased
substantially, particularly in the period following the
1986 Tax Reform, to 11.9 percent in 2002. Partnerships
were also a relatively stable portion of the business entity
types, declining modestly from 10.6 percent in 1980 to
8.5 percent in 2002. While the number of partnerships
increased between 1980 and 1988, their proportion of
the overall number of business entities declined, mainly
due to the higher growth rates of S corporations and
proprietorships.
Figure B presents annualized growth rates in the
number of business entities with some additional detail
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
C Corps S Corps Partnerships Sole Props
Tax Year
Figure A--Composition of the Number of Businesses, Tax Years 1980-2002
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AN ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND ACTIVITY FROM TAX DATA
by business organizational type.
12
Overall, the number of
businesses increased at a 3.2-percent annual rate for the
22-year period, but this percentage varied by business
type. Although the total number of corporations showed
an annual 3.0-percent increase, this was composed of
a -0.1-percent annual decline for C corporations and a
robust 8.0-percent annual increase by S corporations.
C corporations had 2-percent annual increases in 1980-
1987 and 1993-1997 but declines in both 1987-1993
and 1997-2002. S corporations increased in all periods,
though the annual rate of increase declined steadily from
10.4 percent in the 1980-1987 period, to 6.4 percent for
1993-1997, and 5.0 percent for 1997-2002. Partnerships
had an overall 2.2-percent growth rate for the 22-year
period but declined in number between 1987-1993 before
restoring growth between 4 percent to 5 percent for the
later periods. Complete data for all types of partnerships
are unavailable for years prior to 1993 but indicate a
clear pattern between 1993 and 2002. In these years,
general partnerships declined in number at an increasing
rate, while limited partnerships grew at increasing rates.
However, these data are dominated by the 75.1-increase
for LLC’s in the 1993-1997 period, which slowed
considerably but still grew at a robust 19.9 percent for
1997-2002. As noted, sole proprietorships were the most
stable entity type with an overall rate of growth of 3.4
percent, which was comprised of an annual growth rate
of 5.5 percent for 1980-1987 that steadily declined to
1.9 percent for 1997-2002.
Since most types of business income are essentially
taxed at the individual level, a total for all business types
other than C corporations was computed and is also
shown in Figure B. This aggregation includes the data
for 1120-RICs, 1120-REITs, S corporations, all types of
partnerships, and sole proprietorships--essentially, all
business organizational forms except for C corporations.
Since proprietorships dominate the statistics on the num-
ber of business entities and were also a relatively stable
component, it is not surprising that the growth pattern
for the aggregation of businesses less C corporations
mirrored that of proprietorships. These entities grew
at an annual rate of 3.7 percent for the entire period, and
the rate of growth steadily declined from 5.4 percent for
the earliest period (1980-1987) to a low of 2.6 percent
for 1997-2002. However, they avoided the reductions
Figure B--Annual Growth Rates for the Number of Businesses, Tax Years 1980-2002
Form of business Total
interval,
1980 to 1987 1987 to 1993 1993 to 1997 1997 to 2002
1980 to 2002
( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 3 ) ( 4 ) ( 5 )
All business types............................... 3.2 4.9 2.5 2.6 2.2
Corporations........................................ 3.0 4.1 1.6 4.3 2.2
C corporations............................ -0.1 2.0 -3.1 2.2 -1.4
1120-RIC and 1120-REIT............ 9.0 11.5 10.6 7.8 4.4
S corporations............................ 8.0 10.4 8.7 6.4 5.0
Partnerships........................................ 2.2 2.5 -1.9 4.5 4.9
General........................................ ( ¹ ) ( ¹ ) ( ¹ ) -2.1 -5.0
Limited........................................ ( ¹ ) ( ¹ ) ( ¹ ) 4.3 6.5
LLC.............................................. ( ¹ ) ( ¹ ) ( ¹ ) 75.1 19.9
Sole proprietorships........................... 3.4 5.5 3.2 2.0 1.9
Total less C corporations................... 3.7 5.4 3.2 2.7 2.6
Annual Growth Rates (Percent)
Tax Years
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PETSKA, PARISI, LUTTRELL, DAVITIAN, AND SCOFFIC
in numbers that C corporations had in both 1987-1993
and 1997-2002.
Business Receipts--Unlike data on the numbers
of business entities, the business receipts data include
double counting, since intercompany sales and purchases
are included. However, they are still an important metric
of business activity by organizational type. Data on the
composition and growth of business receipts by type of
entity are presented in Figures C and D, respectively. C
corporations dominated business receipts for the 22-year
period, although their share has declined throughout
the period from a high of 87.5 percent for 1981 to 64.9
percent for 2002.
So, where did this share of C corporation business
receipts go? First, S corporations increased their share of
receipts from about 3 percent for the 1980-1982 period
to 18.5 percent for 2002. Although the rate of growth
was steady for most years, between 1986 and 1987, the
S corporation share jumped from 5.5 percent to 10.1
percent in this one year, with enactment of the 1986 Tax
Reform Act, which lowered the top marginal rate on busi-
ness income taxed at the individual rate in comparison to
the top marginal tax rate on corporate profts. Although
the share of business receipts accruing to proprietorships
declined from 6.4 percent to 5.0 percent in the period,
the share of partnerships grew from 3 percent - 4 percent
in the earliest years to 11.6 percent for 2002.
As shown in Figure D, overall business receipts grew
at an annual rate of 5.3 percent over the 22-year period,
peaking at 7.5 percent for 1993-1997.
12
Similarly, cor-
poration receipts grew at a 5.0-percent annual rate for the
entire period and also peaked in the 1993-1997 period at
7.1 percent. Although C corporations held the dominant
share of receipts, receipts of S corporations grew at a
13.3-percent rate throughout the period, peaking at 21.9
Figure C--Composition of Business Receipts, Tax Years 1980-2002
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
C Corps S Corps Partnerships Sole Props
Tax Year
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AN ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND ACTIVITY FROM TAX DATA
percent between 1980-1987 before steadily declining.
Partnerships had an overall 9.9-percent rate of growth
in business receipts for the 22-year period, which was
led by increases of 17.8 percent and 15.0 percent during
the 1993-1997 and 1997-2002 periods, respectively. As
for the entity data, the growth in partnership data was
led by the increases for LLC’s, which had 90.7-percent
and 26.7-percent annual growth rates for the periods
1993-1997 and 1997-2002, respectively. Proprietor-
ships exhibited the most stable growth, with an overall
rate of 4.2 percent, which started at 5.7 percent in the
1980-1987 period and declined steadily to 3.4 percent
in the latest years. Unlike for the number of entities,
proprietorships do not dominate the receipts data; so, the
pattern for the total excluding C corporations was much
more like those for S corporations and partnerships,
with 9.6-percent growth throughout, ranging from 11.4
percent in the earliest period and staying above 8 percent
for all later periods.
Net Income (Less Defcit)--Figures E and F show
data on the composition and growth of net income (less
defcit), respectively.
13
Overall, as for business receipts,
data for net income (less defcit) show the dominance of
C corporations, although their share of the total declined
precipitously, plummeting from 80 percent for 1980-
1981 to 39.1 percent for 2002. This is a very signifcant
turn of events since revenue from the corporation income
tax has been a signifcant component of overall tax col-
lections.
14
This phenomenon is even more noteworthy
considering the relative stability of corporate statutory
tax rates in the post-TRA period.
Once again, profts of proprietorships were the most
stable of any entity type, increasing from 18.2 percent for
1980 to 20.9 percent for 2002; however, the proprietor-
ship share had increased to 25.6 percent for 1982 and
stayed above 20 percent through 1994 before bottoming
out in 1997. The fowthrough entities, S corporations and
partnerships, together accounted for less than 2 percent
of net income (less defcit) for 1981-1986, partly because
partnerships had losses in all of these years. However,
beginning with 1987, their combined net income (less
defcit) grew rapidly from about 4 percent for 1987 to
nearly 40 percent for 2002, a tenfold increase in just
15 years.
Concerning the growth rates for net income (less
defcit), overall business had profts increasing at increas-
ing rates in all of the pre-1997 periods before falling at a
3.7-percent annual rate in the 1997-2002 period, largely
due to corporate proft declines in the 2001-2002 eco-
Figure D--Annual Growth Rates for Business Receipts, Tax Years 1980-2002
Form of business Total
interval,
1980 to 1987 1987 to 1993 1993 to 1997 1997 to 2002
1980 to 2002
( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 3 ) ( 4 ) ( 5 )
All business types............................... 5.3 5.5 4.3 7.5 4.6
Corporations........................................ 5.0 5.5 4.3 7.1 3.6
C corporations............................ 4.0 4.3 2.9 6.7 2.9
S corporations............................ 13.3 21.9 12.1 9.2 6.0
Partnerships........................................ 9.9 6.0 5.2 17.8 15.0
General........................................ ( ¹ ) ( ¹ ) ( ¹ ) 6.4 0.7
Limited........................................ ( ¹ ) ( ¹ ) ( ¹ ) 18.1 15.7
LLC.............................................. ( ¹ ) ( ¹ ) ( ¹ ) 90.7 26.7
Sole proprietorships........................... 4.2 5.7 3.6 3.5 3.4
Total less C corporations................... 9.6 11.4 8.5 9.7 8.1
¹ Data not available for all years.
Annual Growth Rates (Percent)
Tax Years
- 16 -
PETSKA, PARISI, LUTTRELL, DAVITIAN, AND SCOFFIC
nomic downturn.
12
C corporation profts had a similar,
though more prominent trend, with steady increases
peaking at 12.5 percent for the 1993-1997 period before
falling at an annual 17.1-percent rate for 1997-2002.
The fowthrough entities, S corporations and partner-
ships, both had substantial growth in proftability, with
overall 19.5-percent and 15.9-percent annual rates of
growth throughout the 22-year period, respectively. S
corporation profts increased at over 32 percent for the
1980-1987 period and stayed in the double-digit range,
until dropping to a modest 3.6-percent rate of increase
for 1997-2002. Partnership had overall losses from
1981 through 1987, became proftable in 1988, and then
had increases of over a 20-percent level for 1993-1997,
before dropping to 9.5 percent for 1997-2002.
Once again, proprietorships were the most stable
component experiencing overall growth in profts of
6.3 percent for the entire period, with growth of 9.3
percent for 1980-1987 that steadily declined to 3.4 per-
cent for the 1997-2002 period. For entities excluding
C corporations, proftability growth patterns mirrored
a combination of the rapid proft growth in the earlier
periods of the fowthrough entities with the greater stabil-
ity of proprietorships. Overall, proft growth was 11.5
percent for the entire 22-year period, with double-digit
growth through 1997 before declining to 3.3 percent for
1997-2002.
15
Defcits--Information on business losses or defcits
is shown in Figures G and H for all entity types. C
corporation losses ranged from about 48 percent to just
under 63 percent for the entire period, substantially lower
than the percentages for receipts and profts. The only
years that C corporation losses exceeded 60 percent of
the total were for the last 3 years, 2000-2002, a period
-10%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
C Corps S Corps Partnerships Sole Props
Figure E--Composition of Business Net Income (Less Deficit), Tax Years 1980-2002
Tax Year
- 17 -
AN ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND ACTIVITY FROM TAX DATA
Form of business Total
interval,
1980 to 1987 1987 to 1993 1993 to 1997 1997 to 2002
1980 to 2002
( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 3 ) ( 4 ) ( 5 )
All business types............................... 5.8 5.8 8.0 14.5 -3.7
Corporations........................................ 4.2 4.5 7.4 15.7 -9.4
C corporations............................ 0.4 0.8 6.4 12.5 -17.1
1120-RIC and 1120-REIT............ 10.7 18.4 5.7 24.0 -4.8
S corporations............................ 19.5 32.3 16.8 20.9 3.6
Partnerships........................................ 15.9 ( ² ) ( ² ) 23.1 9.5
General........................................ ( ¹ ) ( ¹ ) ( ¹ ) 11.8 2.7
Limited........................................ ( ¹ ) ( ¹ ) ( ¹ ) 42.8 13.1
LLC.............................................. ( ¹ ) ( ¹ ) ( ¹ ) 104.3 20.9
Sole proprietorships........................... 6.3 9.3 6.6 4.4 3.4
Total less C corporations................... 11.5 11.7 14.9 16.5 3.3
¹ Data not available for all years.
² Value not computed due to negative values.
Figure F--Annual Growth Rates for Business Net Income (Less Deficit), Tax Years 1980-2002
Tax Years
Annual Growth Rates (Percent)
Figure G--Composition of Business Losses, Tax Years 1980-2002
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
C Corps S Corps Partnerships Sole Props
Tax Year
- 18 -
PETSKA, PARISI, LUTTRELL, DAVITIAN, AND SCOFFIC
that included three quarters of decline in real GDP. Other
recessionary periods seemed to have had less effect on
the C corporation share of losses. S corporation losses
grew starting after 1980, peaking in 1995 at 14.6 percent,
before beginning a steady decline to around 9 percent
for 2001 and 2002.
Interestingly, partnerships have had a substantial
share of defcits throughout the 22-year period, growing
from the mid-30 percents in the pre-TRA period, peak-
ing at 47 percent for 1987 and 1988, before beginning a
gradual decline to the low 20-percent range in the 2000-
2002 period. Clearly, the TRA passive loss limitations
had an effect. Proprietorships once again held a stable
but small share of losses, which peaked for 1980, and
gradually declined throughout the period to about 5
percent for the 2000-2002 period.
From a growth perspective, overall losses, which
increased at nearly 9 percent in the 1980-1987 period,
declined to around 5 percent from 1987-1997, then
jumped to over 15 percent in the 1997-2002 period.
12

C corporations had a similar pattern, though growth in
defcits was larger in periods of large defcit growth and
smaller in periods when defcits grew at slower rates, im-
plying more stability for the other types of entities. For
businesses other than C corporations, losses averaged 7.3
percent over the entire period, ranging between 5 percent
and 7 percent during 1980-1997 before increasing to
11.1 percent for the 1997-2002 period. S corporations
had an 18.9-percent increase for 1980-1987, but the
growth in losses dropped for 1987-1993 and again for
1997-1997 before increasing to nearly a 10-percent rate
for 1997-2002. For partnerships, losses increased in all
periods, with the exception of the 1987-1993 period,
where the post-TRA passive loss limitations disallowed
an increasing share of partnership losses to offset other
(positive) income.
? Data by Size of Business Receipts,
1998-2002
In this section, we focus on business activity dur-
ing the period of 1998 through 2002 by size of business
receipts. As noted, selected fnancial data by size of
business receipts for 1998-2002 are included in Tables
2A-2E.
11
When the data are segmented by size of busi-
ness receipts, some notable characteristics of business
composition are apparent.

Composition percentages on
the number of businesses by size of business receipts
Form of business Total
interval,
1980 to 1987 1987 to 1993 1993 to 1997 1997 to 2002
1980 to 2002
( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 3 ) ( 4 ) ( 5 )
All business types............................... 8.5 8.7 4.2 5.4 15.7
Corporations........................................ 9.7 12.3 2.6 5.4 18.0
C corporations............................ 9.5 11.4 1.5 5.4 19.4
1120-RIC and 1120-REIT............ 23.6 15.0 29.7 15.8 34.5
S corporations............................ 11.0 18.9 7.3 4.7 9.6
Partnerships........................................ 6.9 13.3 -4.6 7.1 11.7
General........................................ ( ¹ ) ( ¹ ) ( ¹ ) -4.6 -0.2
Limited........................................ ( ¹ ) ( ¹ ) ( ¹ ) 3.6 4.3
LLC.............................................. ( ¹ ) ( ¹ ) ( ¹ ) 83.7 26.7
Sole proprietorships........................... 4.6 4.8 4.2 0.3 8.4
Total less C corporations................... 7.3 5.6 7.4 5.4 11.1
¹ Data not available for all years.
Tax Years
Annual Growth Rates (Percent)
Figure H--Annual Growth Rates for Business Losses, Tax Years 1980-2002
- 19 -
AN ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND ACTIVITY FROM TAX DATA
are shown for Tax Year 2002 in Figure I, while business
receipts and net income (less defcit) by size of business
receipts are shown in Figure J.
Overall, the numbers of business entities are domi-
nated by small proprietorships, particularly those with
receipts under $1 million. C corporations, on the other
hand, comprise less than 25 percent of business entities
for each size-class under $1 million, but their share grows
from 37 percent to nearly 58 percent with increasingly
larger receipt size-classes. The fowthrough entities, S
corporations and partnerships, show their largest com-
position shares in the middle receipt size-classes. S
corporations account for between 35 percent-41 percent
of entities for all classes between $250,000 and $50 mil-
lion, and partnerships also have their largest composition
percentages in these midsized receipt classes.
From Figure J, and as previously discussed, C corpo-
rations dominate activity in business receipts, accounting
for nearly 65 percent of receipts for 2002. However,
their share of receipts is strongly associated with size
of receipts. The smallest C corporations account for
only 2 percent of receipts, but this share grows rapidly
to nearly 81 percent for businesses with $50 million or
more in business receipts. As with data on the numbers
of entities, the fowthrough businesses show their largest
composition shares in the middle size-classes, with their
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
under $25,000 $25,000 under
$250,000
$250,000 under
$1,000,000
$1,000,000
under
$5,000,000
$5,000,000
under
$10,000,000
$10,000,000
under
$50,000,000
$50,000,000 or
more
Business receipts
C corporations S corporations Partnerships Sole proprietorships
Figure I--Composition of Number of Businesses by Size of Business Receipts, Tax
Year 2002
- 20 -
PETSKA, PARISI, LUTTRELL, DAVITIAN, AND SCOFFIC
largest composition percentages in receipt size-classes
between $250,000 and $50 million. Proprietorships, as
would be expected, comprise the majority of small orga-
nizations, accounting for 92 percent of businesses with
receipts under $25,000 but with a rapidly diminishing
share with increases in receipt size. For the largest size
receipt size-class ($50 million or more), proprietorships
comprise only 0.2 percent of the total.
The composition of net income (less defcit) or
profts among receipt sizes also shows some interesting
and well-defned patterns. First, for the under $25,000
receipt size-class, there was an overall $46-billion loss
for all types of businesses, and only proprietorships had
positive net income. Although C corporations accounted
for 39 percent of business profts for 2002, they show
losses in all receipt size-classes below $10 million.
However, C corporations become proftable for size-
classes over $10 million, and those with receipts above
$50 million earned over $440 billion in profts, nearly 42
percent of the total. S corporations once again show their
largest composition shares in the middle receipt size-
classes, with composition shares ranging from nearly 25
percent to almost 46 percent for businesses with receipts
between $250,000 and $50 million. Partnerships had
nearly $35 billion in losses for the smallest size-class,
but were proftable for all larger receipt size-classes. For
receipt sizes above $25,000, partnerships had profts of
at least $13 billion and accounted for 22 percent to 55
percent of total profts. Proprietorships, which include
nearly 21 percent of overall profts, are the only business
type with proftability in the under $25,000 receipt size-
class. Above $25,000, proprietorships show a rapidly
decreasing share of profts, with nearly 90 percent in the
$25,000-$250,000 receipt size-class but only $0.5 billion
and 0.1 percent for the largest class.
? Data by Industrial Sector, 1998-2002
In this section, we focus on specifc sectors that
showed significant activity during the period 1998
through 2002. During this timeframe, a number of
national and international events impacted economic
activity, including the end of the uninterrupted GDP
growth of the 1990’s; the technology boom and bust;
the September 11, 2001, attacks; real estate volatility;
[Money amounts are in billions of dollars]
Income item and under $25,000 $250,000 $1,000,000 $5,000,000 $10,000,000 $50,000,000
type of business Total $25,000 under under under under under or
$250,000 $1,000,000 $5,000,000 $10,000,000 $50,000,000 more
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
Business receipts:
All businesses.......................... 20,741.0 94.6 641.8 1,070.8 1,876.7 908.3 2,311.6 13,837.2
C corporations..................... 13,455.8 2.3 72.3 275.5 732.0 378.9 930.3 11,064.5
S corporations..................... 3,841.3 3.5 123.1 402.3 775.7 389.1 1,028.6 1,119.0
Partnerships........................ 2,414.2 1.7 34.2 97.1 216.4 114.6 325.0 1,625.1
Sole proprietorships............ 1,029.7 87.2 412.2 295.8 152.5 25.7 27.7 28.5
Net income (less deficit):
All businesses.......................... 1,055.4 -46.2 142.9 97.0 73.2 36.9 117.2 646.9
C corporations..................... 413.0 -19.1 -8.4 -11.2 -10.4 -0.2 21.9 440.6
S corporations..................... 150.6 -8.4 9.4 24.1 33.3 16.3 37.6 38.4
Partnerships........................ 270.7 -34.9 13.6 25.1 35.7 19.5 50.8 161.0
Sole proprietorships............ 221.1 16.4 128.3 59.0 14.6 1.3 1.0 0.5
Business Receipts
Figure J--Business Receipts and Net Income (Less Deficit) by Size of Business Receipts, Tax Year 2002
- 21 -
AN ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND ACTIVITY FROM TAX DATA
accounting scandals; and enactment of the Small Busi-
ness Job Protection Act of 1996. All of these potentially
impacted business activity in specifc sectors. As noted,
selected fnancial data for 21 NAICS sectors for 1998-
2002 are included in Tables 3A-3E and summary data
for eight key sectors are presented in Figures K, L, and
M and discussed below.
Utilities--As shown in Tables 3A-3E, the number of
business entities in the Utilities sector decreased by 2.1
percent from 17,662 for 1998 to 17,283 for 2002. The
most notable aspect of the decline was the 19.3-percent
decrease in S corporation returns, from 2,124 to 1,715.
The number of C corporations and partnerships classifed
as Utilities increased slightly, with only the large decline
in S corporations and a slight decline in proprietorship
Utilities, reducing the total for all businesses. The large
decline in S corporation Utilities was mostly attributable
to the smallest business receipt class, those returns with
less than $25,000 in business receipts.
The Utilities sector experienced a large decline in
net income (less defcit) over the period, most of which
was attributable to the largest receipt size-class for C
corporations. C corporations reporting $50 million or
more in business receipts saw their net income (less
defcit) decline from $30.7 billion for 1998 to a loss of
$95.4 million for 2002. S corporations and partnership
net income (less defcit) increased slightly both overall
and in the largest receipt size-class.
Construction--The Construction industry accounted
for roughly 12 percent of the total number of busi-
ness entities. The number of businesses in this sector
increased 4.8 percent over the 5-year period, from 2.9
million to 3.1 million. However, over the 1998–2002
period, the number of C corporations declined from
246,404 to 229,765 (6.8 percent), while the number of
S corporations increased from 305,531 to 418,770 (37.1
percent).
Between 1998 and 2002, businesses showed signif-
cant increases in all data items, with the largest increases
in S corporations, partnerships, and proprietorships.
Business receipts of S corporations increased by 46.0
percent, from $391.9 billion to $572.1 billion; those
of partnerships increased by 59.5 percent from $106.3
Construction
11.6%
Utilities
0.1%
Manufacturing
2.4%
Transportation
and
Warehousing
4.4%
Finance
4.3%
Professional,
Scientific,
Technical
Services
13.4%
Management of
Companies
0.3%
All Other
53.8%
Real
Estate
9.8%
Figure K--Number of Entities as Percent of Total by Selected
Sector, Tax Year 2002
Construction
11.6%
Utilities
0.1%
Manufacturing
2.4%
Transportation
and
Warehousing
4.4%
Finance
4.3%
Professional,
Scientific,
Technical
Services
13.4%
Management of
Companies
0.3%
Other
53.8%
Real Estate
9.8%
Figure L--Number of Entities as Percent of Total, by Selected
Sector, Tax Year 2002
- 22 -
PETSKA, PARISI, LUTTRELL, DAVITIAN, AND SCOFFIC
billion to $169.6 billion; and those of proprietorships
increased by 17.0 percent, from $143.9 billion to $168.5
billion. Signifcant increases were also seen in salaries
and wages of these entities, as well as in depreciation.
Manufacturing--For 1998, 706,002 businesses
classifed themselves in the Manufacturing sector. By
2002, the number had dropped to 628,868, a 10.9-per-
cent decrease in business return flers for this sector.
Of the four entity types, all declined in number with
the exception of partnerships, which showed a 10.1-
percent increase to 38,364. The increase in number of
partnerships did little, however, to alter the distribution
of partnerships among receipt size-classes. For 1998,
47.1 percent of partnerships classifed in Manufactur-
ing reported business receipts under $100,000. For
2002, 45.2 percent of manufacturers still fell under this
threshold.
C corporations and sole proprietorships accounted
for most of the decline in the number of manufacturers.
C corporations dropped by 27,141 (16.6 percent), and
proprietorships dropped by 50,935 (14.1 percent). The
distribution of C corporation manufacturers across busi-
ness receipt classes changed little from 1998 to 2002,
with all classes but one ($100,000 under $250,000)
showing decreases. Despite a decreasing number of
sole proprietorships engaged in manufacturing, the
period 1998–2002 saw growth in the number of large
manufacturing proprietorships, with those reporting
between $5 million and $50 million in business receipts
increasing by 52.6 percent from 116 for 1998 to 177
for 2002. These changes in the manufacturing sector
did little to change the composition of the sector, with
each entity type making up roughly the same share of
all Manufacturing for 1998 as for 2002.
Growth in business receipts for partnerships in
Manufacturing exceeded that of partnerships in all sec-
tors. Partnership business receipts in Manufacturing
grew by 96 percent to $485.0 million between 1998
and 2002. This growth could be traced to partnerships
with $50 million or more in business receipts. For 1998,
73.6 percent, or $182.2 million, of business receipts of
manufacturing partnerships were in the $50 million or
more business receipt size-class, while, for 2002, 81.4
percent, or $394.9 million, were in this class.
Transportation and Warehousing--Growth in the
overall number of business flers in this sector outpaced
the growth of all sectors. The number of business entities
classifed in Transportation and Warehousing increased
from 969,104 to 1,153,198, an increase of 19.0 percent.
The number of each separate entity type increased over
the period 1998–2002, but the largest percentage in-
creases were seen in partnerships, S corporations, and
proprietorships. Partnerships increased by 35.5 percent,
or 6,814 returns; S corporations by 21.3 percent, or
17,290 returns; and proprietorships by 20.1 percent, or
159,181 returns. Although C corporations did show posi-
tive growth, their numbers increased by only 1 percent,
from 78,342 for 1998 to 79,150 for 2002.
Well over half of all growth in Transportation and
Warehousing partnerships can be traced to the smallest
two receipt size-classes. The number of partnerships
reporting $100,000 or less in business receipts accounted
for 59.5 percent, or 4,051, of new partnership returns in
this sector. Sole proprietorships showed increases in all
receipt size-classes, but growth was concentrated on the
Finance
8.8%
Management of
Companies
0.9% Professional,
Scientific,
Technical
Services
4.8%
Real Estate
1.6%
All Others
45.1%
Transportation
and
Warehousing
3.0%
Manufacturing
25.7%
Utilities
3.3%
Construction
6.8%
Figure M--Business Receipts as Percent of Total by Selected
Sector, Tax Year 2002
- 23 -
AN ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND ACTIVITY FROM TAX DATA
lower end, with 99.3 percent, or 157,999, of new returns
reporting less than $250,000 in business receipts. S
corporation growth was more evenly distributed among
the various receipt size-classes. As with Manufacturing,
the composition of the Transportation and Warehous-
ing sector changed little. Of the 5 years studied, each
entity’s share of this sector remained relatively constant.
Business receipts increased 13.6 percent to $617.9 bil-
lion across all entities, while net income (less defcit)
decreased 91.9 percent to $2.5 billion over this period.
Both C corporations and S corporations were responsible
for the decrease in net income (less defcit).
Finance and Insurance--C corporations represent
the majority of business income for the Finance and In-
surance sector, while all other business entities combined
represent 88.8 percent of all businesses in the sector. The
number of C corporations declined over the period 1998-
2002 by 12.0 percent, from 115,309 to 101,495. This
decline was particularly noticeable in the smallest receipt
size-classes. C corporations reporting less than $25,000
in business receipts declined from 30,440 to 22,464.
Partnerships reported the largest increase in number of
businesses from 209,150 for 1998 to 263,024 for 2002, or
25.8 percent. Growth in the number of partnerships was
also concentrated in smaller receipt size-classes, with the
number of returns reporting less than $25,000 in business
receipts, increasing from 152,559 to 176,425.
Although net income (less defcit) for the Finance
and Insurance sector declined from 1998 to 2002, part-
nerships were an exception. Net income (less defcit)
for partnerships in this sector increased by 41.1 percent,
from $63.3 billion to $89.3 billion. However, partnership
net income (less defcit) represented only 25.2 percent
of the $354.8 billion in net income (less defcit) for all
entity types for 2002.
Real Estate--The overall number of business entities
in Real Estate increased 17.2 percent to 2,585,914 be-
tween 1998 and 2002. With this increase in the number of
entities, there was also an increase of business receipts,
which increased by 25.3 percent to $326.4 billion. For
all businesses, interest paid increased until 2002, when
the overall interest paid declined by 26.0 percent from
2001 to $19.6 billion.
The number of partnerships in Real Estate grew by
23.1 percent to 999,786 entities during the period 1998
through 2002, faster than any other entity type. Partner-
ships also displayed the largest amount of net income
(less defcit) ($55 billion) for the same time period,
representing 68.0 percent of net income (less defcit)
for all business entities. This growth could be traced
to the $5 million to under $10 million class of business
receipts, where net income (less defcit) increased from
$4.1 billion to $8.0 billion, a 95.5-percent increase. C
corporations were the only entity type in Real Estate
to experience a decline in numbers. C corporation net
income (less defcit) declined for the period 1998-2002,
decreasing from $4.9 billion in 1998 to almost -$0.9
billion in 2002. Nearly all this decline was found in the
C corporations reporting business receipts with $50.0
million or more.
Professional, Scientifc, and Technical Services--
Overall, the number of businesses in the Professional,
Scientifc, and Technical Services sector showed a 12-
percent increase, from 3.2 million for 1998 to 3.6 mil-
lion for 2002. The increase was due to a 29.4-percent
increase in S corporations, from 371,152 to 480,120,
and a 9.9-percent increase for proprietorships, from 2.4
million to 2.7 million. Most of the growth for both S cor-
porations and proprietorships could be traced to smaller
receipt size-classes rather than to a single class.
For 2001, partnerships surpassed proprietorships
as the leader in net income (less defcit), accounting
for $49.9 billion of the nearly $93.2 billion reported
for all business entities. Beginning for 1999, total net
income (less defcit) for C corporations decreased to a
$4.5-billion loss and has remained negative for each
year through 2002 when C corporations reported -$19.7
billion. Despite this decline, C corporations continued
to show the largest total receipts, business receipts, and
total business deductions for this sector.
Since 1999, all entities excluding C corporations
have displayed positive amounts for the total net income
(less defcit), while C corporations displayed negative
amounts for total net income (less defcit) during the
same time period. Entities other than C corporations
represented over 50 percent of all total receipts and
business receipts for all business entities.
- 24 -
PETSKA, PARISI, LUTTRELL, DAVITIAN, AND SCOFFIC
Management of Companies--The number of busi-
ness entities in the Management of Companies (holding
companies) sector increased 55.7 percent over the period
1998-2002, from 42,918 to 66,826 entities. However,
one entity type, proprietorships, is not represented in this
sector. S corporations displayed the largest percentage
increase in number of businesses for this industry, 89.9
percent, an increase from 11,471 for 1998 to 21,779 for
2002. The largest increases were in smaller receipt size-
classes, i.e., entities with business receipts under $25,000
grew from 9,460 entities to 17,729 entities. This growth
of S corporations can be attributed partly to the Small
Business Job Protection Act of 1996, which permitted f-
nancial institutions that use the specifc chargeoff method
of Section 166 to account for the writeoff of bad debts
to elect Subchapter S status. This provision has also led
to a signifcant increase in the number of bank holding
companies, which are also included in this sector.
Cost of goods sold for all Management of Companies
more than tripled over the 5-year period of 1998-2002.
C corporations nearly tripled their cost of goods sold for
this period with an increase of $7.2 billion, from nearly
$3.8 billion for 1998 to $11.1 billion for 2002. Almost all
of this growth was concentrated in C corporations with
$50 million or more in business receipts. C corporations
in this class alone saw cost of goods sold rise from $3.5
billion for 1998 to $10.9 billion for 2002. Partnerships
accounted for the largest percentage increase for cost
of goods sold during this 5-year span, increasing 576.9
percent, to $6.5 billion.
? Conclusions and Plans for Future
Research
The most signifcant fndings for the 22-year period
are the shift in overall business activity away from C cor-
porations to those organizations whose profts are taxed
at the individual level. Overall, the data for net income
(less defcit) show the dominance of C corporations,
although their share of the total declined precipitously,
plummeting from 80 percent for 1980-1981 to 39 percent
for 2002. This is a very signifcant development since
revenue from the corporation income tax has been a
signifcant source of overall tax collections. This phe-
nomenon is even more noteworthy considering the rela-
tively stable corporation statutory tax rates, especially
in the post-TRA period. C corporations accounted for
nearly 17 percent of business entities in 1980, but their
percentage fell steadily to 8 percent in 2002. Although
C corporations dominated business receipts, their share
likewise declined throughout the period from a high of
87 percent in 1981 to 65 percent in 2002. Sole propri-
etorships were the largest and most stable component of
business entities for this period, accounting for between
69 percent and 74 percent of overall business entities in
all years. When the data are classifed by size of business
receipts, the largest number of entities fell into the small-
est receipt size-class, but the vast majority of business
receipts for most entity types generally accrued to those
in the largest receipt class. C corporations dominated
the receipts data in the largest class, accounting for ap-
proximately 80 percent of business receipts and nearly
72 percent of profts.
Although economic events affected different in-
dustrial sectors in very different ways, the data showed
a particularly substantial trend in the 1998-2002 pe-
riod. The data by industrial sector illustrated that the
trend of shifting overall business activity away from C
corporations to those organizations whose profts are
taxed at the individual level was prevalent throughout
all sectors of the economy. The most notable trend by
industrial sector was the rapid growth in the number
of businesses organized as fowthrough entities. In
many industrial sectors, the number of C corporations
grew very slightly or even declined. Across industrial
sectors, almost without exception, S corporations and
partnerships showed rapid growth in number of entities.
S corporations showed large nominal increases, while
partnerships typically grew at the fastest rates. In almost
all sectors, the most notable growth in net income (less
defcit) was also isolated in businesses organized as
fowthrough entities.
Finally, opinions expressed in this paper are those of
the authors and should not be attributed to the Internal
Revenue Service or the U.S. Department of the Treasury
although comments are welcome.
? Endnotes
1
Legel, Ellen; Bennett, Kelly; and Parisi, Mi-
chael (2004), The Effects of Tax Reform on the
- 25 -
AN ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND ACTIVITY FROM TAX DATA
Structure of U.S. Business, 2003 Proceedings of
the American Statistical Association, Section on
Government Statistics.
2
Petska, Tom (1998), Taxes and Business Organiza-
tional Choice: Deja Vu All Over Again? 1997 Pro-
ceedings of the American Statistical Association,
Section on Business and Economic Statistics.
3
Wittman, Susan M. and Gill, Amy, S Corporation
Elections After the Tax Reform Act of 1986, pre-
sented at the 1996 Allied Social Science Meetings
and published in Statistics of Income Bulletin,
Spring 1998, Volume 17, Number 4.
4
Nutter, Sarah E.; Young, Jim; and Wilkie, Patrick,
Tax Legislation and Business Form Choice: C
Corporation Behavior Before and After TRA86,
presented at the 1996 Allied Social Science Meet-
ings and published in Statistics of Income Bulletin,
Winter 1995-96, Volume 15, Number 3.
5
Petska, Tom, Taxes and Organizational Choice: An
Analysis of Trends, 1985-1992, Statistics of Income
Bulletin, Spring 1996, Volume 15, Number 4.
6
Petska, Tom, Do Taxes Affect Business Legal
Structure? An Analysis of IRS Data, presented at
the 1996 Allied Social Science Meetings.
7
Petska, Tom and Wilson, Robert, Trends in Busi-
ness Structure and Activity, 1980-1990, Statistics
of Income Bulletin, Spring 1994, Volume 13,
Number 4.
8
Petska, Tom (1994), The Effects of Tax Reform on
the Structure of U.S. Business, 1993 Proceedings
of the American Statistical Association, Section on
Business and Economic Statistics.
9
As noted, the Integrated Business Dataset is a
compilation of table level data from SOI cross-
sectional business studies. Future plans are to
construct a true Integrated Business Database
consisting of microdata from SOI C and S
corporations, partnerships, and nonfarm sole
proprietorships.
10
Data on fnancial activity by size of business
receipts by NAICS sectors are included in an
extended version of Tables 2A-2E for this paper
on the SOI Tax Stats Web site at http://www.irs.gov/
taxstats/bustaxstats/article/0,,id=152029,00.html.
11
In Table 1, Regulated Investment Companies
(RIC’s) and Real Estate Investment Trusts (RE-
IT’s), which are not taxed at the enterprise level
but whose income similarly fows through to their
owners, are excluded from C corporations and
shown separately. However, in all other tables and
fgures, they are included with C corporations.
12
Annual growth rates were computed as follows:
G
t
= (lnX
t
- lnX
t-n
) 100 / n
where G
t
= the annual growth rate in the value of
X between periods t and n,
lnX
t
= the natural logarithm of the value of X for
period t,
lnX
t-n
= the natural logarithm of the value of X for
period t-n, and
n = the number of years on which the computation
is based.
13
Unlike data in the SOI Corporation Income Tax
Returns and Source Book of Corporation Income
Tax Returns, net income (less defcit) used in this
paper includes the more comprehensive “total net
income” for S corporations. This item includes
trade or business income plus portfolio income,
as well as real estate and rental activity incomes
distributed directly to shareholders.
14
From Table 7 in the IRS 2004 Data Book, for 1980,
the corporation income tax accounted for nearly
14 percent of total Internal Revenue collections.
For 2002, this share had declined to about 10.5
percent.
15
In this paper, we assume that all partnership profts
and losses accrue to individuals. However, from
the Partnership Schedule K, data are available on
distributions by type of partner. For 2002, $156.1
billion, or 54.2 percent, of allocated income was
- 26 -
PETSKA, PARISI, LUTTRELL, DAVITIAN, AND SCOFFIC
distributed to nonindividual partners (which
include corporate, partnership, tax-exempt, and
nominees). The SOI Bulletin article, Partnership
Returns, 2002, referenced below, has additional
information.
? References
Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income--Cor-
poration Income Tax Returns, Publication 16,
1980-2002.
Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income--In-
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Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income--Source
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Fall 2004, Volume 24, Number 2. (See http://
www.irs.gov/taxstats/productsandpubs/article/
0,,id=130681,00.html for Bulletin articles and data
on additional years.)
- 27 -
AN ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND ACTIVITY FROM TAX DATA
Table 1.--Number of Businesses, Business Receipts, Net Income, and Deficit, by Form of Business,
Tax Years 1980-2002
[All figures are estimates based on samples--money amounts are in thousands of dollars]
Form of business, item 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
All Businesses
Number of businesses........................................... 13,021,904 13,857,712 14,545,660 15,244,531 16,076,714 16,919,395 17,525,167 18,351,297
Total receipts......................................................... 7,064,487,840 7,725,544,701 7,754,452,966 7,891,981,399 8,751,940,681 9,305,441,171 9,626,065,304 10,634,345,667
Business receipts................................................... 6,413,930,882 6,901,768,455 6,842,267,893 7,043,019,718 7,782,861,217 8,212,317,757 8,422,295,127 9,436,817,505
Net income (less deficit)......................................... 316,874,165 263,985,693 197,592,719 246,063,040 300,167,182 310,007,924 342,583,143 434,130,755
Net income............................................................. 424,569,277 420,560,759 396,557,182 435,858,670 508,725,907 539,687,640 599,572,585 680,068,330
Deficit..................................................................... 107,695,112 156,575,064 198,964,461 189,795,629 208,558,725 229,679,718 256,989,442 245,937,575
Corporations
Number of businesses........................................... 2,710,538 2,812,420 2,925,933 2,999,071 3,170,743 3,277,219 3,428,515 3,612,133
Total receipts......................................................... 6,361,284,012 7,026,351,839 7,024,097,766 7,135,494,059 7,860,711,226 8,398,278,426 8,669,378,501 9,580,720,701
Business receipts................................................... 5,731,616,337 6,244,678,064 6,156,994,009 6,334,602,711 6,948,481,893 7,369,538,953 7,535,482,221 8,414,537,647
Net income (less deficit)( ¹ )................................... 253,678,291 213,648,962 154,334,143 188,313,928 232,900,596 240,119,020 269,530,240 334,089,233
Net income............................................................. 311,497,470 301,440,778 274,352,942 296,932,146 349,179,415 363,867,384 408,860,760 468,631,779
Deficit..................................................................... 57,819,180 87,791,816 120,018,799 108,618,218 116,278,819 123,748,365 139,330,520 134,542,546
C Corporations
Number of businesses..................................... 2,163,458 2,268,966 2,359,272 2,348,162 2,465,843 2,549,091 2,598,271 2,480,440
Total receipts................................................... 6,133,036,929 6,782,602,310 6,746,286,554 6,801,022,254 7,440,141,155 7,920,235,884 8,115,394,384 8,538,869,502
Business receipts............................................. 5,526,725,253 6,038,269,090 5,921,937,283 6,043,788,300 6,575,574,080 6,953,447,173 7,068,730,197 7,463,209,264
Net income (less deficit) .................................. 236,487,630 185,868,913 120,180,204 154,156,433 196,435,483 192,991,940 203,018,630 250,706,247
Net income....................................................... 288,701,762 266,981,510 232,171,007 253,219,429 300,847,319 303,127,497 326,576,008 366,764,203
Deficit............................................................... 52,214,132 81,112,597 111,990,802 99,062,994 104,411,836 110,135,558 123,557,378 116,057,956
1120-RIC and 1120-REIT
Number of businesses..................................... 1,691 1,965 2,442 2,642 3,561 3,379 4,030 3,788
Total receipts................................................... 17,924,659 31,235,499 34,754,643 34,223,383 35,543,228 47,400,761 69,997,816 69,604,933
Business receipts............................................. 3,716 51,060 45,971 49,473 175,374 50,592 39,187 22,551
Net income (less deficit)................................... 14,671,749 25,909,303 31,105,996 29,082,144 29,558,446 39,524,630 58,218,369 53,365,950
Net income....................................................... 14,710,269 26,005,246 31,189,913 29,137,568 29,625,752 39,580,022 58,342,246 53,476,411
Deficit............................................................... 38,521 95,943 83,918 55,426 67,306 55,392 123,877 110,461
S Corporations
Number of businesses..................................... 545,389 541,489 564,219 648,267 701,339 724,749 826,214 1,127,905
Total receipts................................................... 210,322,424 212,514,030 243,056,569 300,248,422 385,026,843 430,641,781 483,986,301 972,246,266
Business receipts............................................. 204,887,368 206,357,914 235,010,755 290,764,938 372,732,439 416,041,188 466,712,837 951,305,832
Total net income (less deficit) ( ² ).................... 2,518,912 1,870,746 3,047,943 5,075,351 6,906,667 7,602,450 8,293,241 30,017,036
Net income....................................................... 8,085,439 8,454,022 10,992,022 14,575,149 18,706,344 21,159,865 23,942,506 48,391,165
Deficit............................................................... 5,566,527 6,583,276 7,944,079 9,499,798 11,799,677 13,557,415 15,649,265 18,374,129
Partnerships
Number of businesses........................................... 1,379,654 1,460,502 1,514,212 1,541,539 1,643,581 1,713,603 1,702,952 1,648,032
Total receipts ( ³ )................................................... 291,998,115 272,129,807 296,690,303 291,318,703 375,192,511 367,117,315 397,302,544 442,802,234
Business receipts................................................... 271,108,832 230,027,336 251,608,987 243,248,370 318,342,380 302,733,374 327,428,647 411,457,126
Net income (less deficit)......................................... 8,248,655 -2,734,897 -7,314,587 -2,610,041 -3,500,024 -8,883,674 -17,370,860 -5,419,105
Net income............................................................. 45,061,756 50,567,190 53,556,856 60,308,114 69,696,922 77,044,693 80,214,873 87,654,011
Deficit..................................................................... 36,813,100 53,302,086 60,871,442 62,918,155 73,196,946 85,928,367 97,585,733 93,073,116
General (
4
)
Number of businesses..................................... 1,209,318 1,252,298 1,288,328 n.a. n.a. n.a. 1,429,876 1,385,824
Total receipts ( ³ )............................................. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Business receipts............................................. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Net income (less deficit)................................... n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Net income....................................................... n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Deficit............................................................... n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Limited (
5
)
Number of businesses..................................... 170,336 208,204 225,886 n.a. n.a. n.a. 273,076 262,210
Total receipts ( ³ )............................................. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Business receipts............................................. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Net income (less deficit)................................... n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Net income....................................................... n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Deficit............................................................... n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
LLC
Number of businesses..................................... n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Total receipts ( ³ )............................................. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Business receipts............................................. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Net income (less deficit)................................... n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Net income....................................................... n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Deficit............................................................... n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships
Number of businesses........................................... 8,931,712 9,584,790 10,105,515 10,703,921 11,262,390 11,928,573 12,393,700 13,091,132
Total receipts......................................................... 411,205,713 427,063,055 433,664,897 465,168,637 516,036,944 540,045,430 559,384,259 610,822,732
Business receipts................................................... 411,205,713 427,063,055 433,664,897 465,168,637 516,036,944 540,045,430 559,384,259 610,822,732
Net income (less deficit)......................................... 54,947,219 53,071,628 50,573,163 60,359,153 70,766,610 78,772,578 90,423,763 105,460,627
Net income............................................................. 68,010,051 68,552,791 68,647,384 78,618,410 89,849,570 98,775,563 110,496,952 123,782,540
Deficit..................................................................... 13,062,832 15,481,162 18,074,220 18,259,256 19,082,960 20,002,986 20,073,189 18,321,913
Footnotes at end of table.
Tax Year
- 28 -
PETSKA, PARISI, LUTTRELL, DAVITIAN, AND SCOFFIC
Table 1.--Number of Businesses, Business Receipts, Net Income, and Deficit, by Form of Business,
Tax Years 1980-2002--Continued
[All figures are estimates based on samples--money amounts are in thousands of dollars]
Form of business, item 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995
(9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16)
All Businesses
Number of businesses........................................... 18,896,336 19,560,585 20,052,917 20,498,855 20,849,195 21,280,315 21,990,203 22,478,939
Total receipts......................................................... 11,435,215,490 12,133,006,886 12,659,120,980 12,664,503,877 13,030,765,631 13,633,127,677 14,854,464,587 16,161,117,843
Business receipts................................................... 10,085,772,195 10,585,040,288 11,074,465,157 11,161,361,183 11,612,337,830 12,183,757,092 13,330,403,562 14,353,779,041
Net income (less deficit)......................................... 563,932,180 548,157,101 541,253,496 523,452,364 611,007,348 733,369,871 843,984,176 1,012,514,546
Net income............................................................. 818,548,839 829,704,453 n.a. 818,176,732 877,227,604 987,904,144 1,095,275,051 1,270,904,560
Deficit..................................................................... 254,616,660 281,547,353 n.a. 294,724,370 266,220,258 254,534,273 251,290,875 258,390,016
Corporations
Number of businesses........................................... 3,562,789 3,627,863 3,716,650 3,802,788 3,869,024 3,964,629 4,342,369 4,474,167
Total receipts......................................................... 10,264,867,461 10,934,973,405 11,409,520,074 11,436,474,767 11,742,134,728 12,269,721,709 13,360,007,157 14,539,050,115
Business receipts................................................... 8,949,846,244 9,427,277,533 9,860,441,633 9,965,628,799 10,360,428,795 10,865,542,520 11,883,614,940 12,785,797,708
Net income (less deficit)( ¹ )................................... 423,115,815 401,320,146 383,213,763 360,529,974 414,130,453 510,258,780 595,002,432 736,423,014
Net income............................................................. 561,646,539 563,402,110 n.a. 542,341,802 581,920,697 670,480,179 756,502,169 900,524,657
Deficit..................................................................... 138,530,724 162,081,965 n.a. 181,811,828 167,790,244 160,221,400 161,499,736 164,101,644
C Corporations
Number of businesses..................................... 2,299,896 2,199,081 2,136,032 2,098,641 2,077,518 2,055,982 2,310,703 2,312,382
Total receipts................................................... 8,929,061,395 9,381,129,704 9,689,007,338 9,656,969,832 9,821,791,797 10,154,952,821 11,020,933,534 11,955,289,941
Business receipts............................................. 7,712,940,028 7,992,750,467 8,272,370,751 8,310,147,728 8,569,591,965 8,897,605,783 9,710,160,635 10,419,343,855
Net income (less deficit) .................................. 327,131,666 289,721,555 270,925,138 248,113,316 291,866,888 368,912,105 426,082,290 514,751,182
Net income....................................................... 445,141,000 425,910,498 416,617,439 401,582,120 426,078,044 496,151,930 554,083,672 641,753,805
Deficit............................................................... 118,009,334 136,188,943 145,692,301 153,468,803 134,211,156 127,239,826 128,001,382 127,002,623
1120-RIC and 1120-REIT
Number of businesses..................................... 5,702 5,815 5,526 5,876 6,135 7,142 7,912 8,666
Total receipts................................................... 71,817,689 89,877,386 99,810,072 96,520,359 98,459,970 117,172,085 128,128,279 178,686,713
Business receipts............................................. -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Net income (less deficit)................................... 52,447,631 66,819,244 67,457,384 67,671,565 63,933,826 75,113,178 77,243,699 122,543,160
Net income....................................................... 52,596,709 67,087,163 67,983,981 68,188,117 64,704,531 75,770,157 78,447,581 123,812,233
Deficit............................................................... 149,078 267,920 526,597 516,553 770,705 656,979 1,203,881 1,269,074
S Corporations
Number of businesses..................................... 1,257,191 1,422,967 1,575,092 1,698,271 1,785,371 1,901,505 2,023,754 2,153,119
Total receipts................................................... 1,263,988,377 1,463,966,315 1,620,702,664 1,682,984,576 1,821,882,961 1,997,596,803 2,210,945,344 2,405,073,461
Business receipts............................................. 1,236,906,216 1,434,527,066 1,588,070,882 1,655,481,071 1,790,836,830 1,967,936,737 2,173,454,305 2,366,453,853
Total net income (less deficit) ( ² ).................... 43,536,518 44,779,347 44,831,241 44,745,093 58,329,739 66,233,497 91,676,443 99,128,672
Net income....................................................... 63,908,830 70,404,449 n.a. 72,571,565 91,138,122 98,558,092 123,970,916 134,958,619
Deficit............................................................... 20,372,312 25,625,102 n.a. 27,826,472 32,808,383 32,324,595 32,294,473 35,829,947
Partnerships
Number of businesses........................................... 1,654,245 1,635,164 1,553,529 1,515,345 1,484,752 1,467,567 1,493,963 1,580,900
Total receipts ( ³ )................................................... 498,378,098 505,222,543 518,994,886 515,461,121 551,548,871 606,190,516 703,827,410 814,704,090
Business receipts................................................... 463,956,020 464,951,817 483,417,504 483,164,395 514,827,003 560,999,120 656,158,602 760,617,695
Net income (less deficit)......................................... 14,493,114 14,099,275 16,609,540 21,406,607 42,916,649 66,652,288 82,183,076 106,829,196
Net income............................................................. 111,384,545 113,885,966 116,317,801 113,408,221 121,834,358 137,440,684 150,927,743 178,650,950
Deficit..................................................................... 96,891,431 99,786,691 99,708,261 92,001,615 78,917,710 70,788,396 68,744,668 71,821,755
General (
4
)
Number of businesses..................................... 1,369,093 1,341,527 1,267,760 1,244,665 1,214,004 1,174,395 1,161,800 1,163,376
Total receipts ( ³ )............................................. n.a. n.a. 349,839,034 349,793,551 354,750,145 369,030,331 394,825,973 417,535,888
Business receipts............................................. n.a. n.a. 334,184,309 333,189,600 336,912,510 348,350,203 375,032,602 395,396,396
Net income (less deficit)................................... 38,503,534 35,660,018 37,770,771 38,108,885 46,194,340 55,028,590 58,721,349 63,625,642
Net income....................................................... n.a. n.a. 81,903,253 78,330,522 81,313,616 85,128,982 87,680,812 92,586,762
Deficit............................................................... n.a. n.a. 44,132,482 40,221,637 35,119,276 30,100,391 28,959,463 28,961,119
Limited (
5
)
Number of businesses..................................... 285,152 293,637 285,769 270,681 270,748 275,837 284,346 298,965
Total receipts ( ³ )............................................. n.a. n.a. 169,155,852 165,667,570 196,799,726 229,703,974 284,624,411 330,681,486
Business receipts............................................. n.a. n.a. 149,233,195 149,974,795 177,914,493 205,554,303 257,887,113 302,336,684
Net income (less deficit)................................... -24,010,711 -21,560,743 -21,161,231 -16,702,278 -3,277,692 11,360,424 21,410,503 38,319,799
Net income....................................................... n.a. n.a. 34,414,548 35,077,700 40,520,742 51,238,208 59,544,970 76,029,542
Deficit............................................................... n.a. n.a. 55,575,779 51,779,978 43,798,434 39,877,784 38,134,467 37,709,743
LLC
Number of businesses..................................... n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 17,335 47,816 118,559
Total receipts ( ³ )............................................. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 7,456,210 24,377,026 66,486,715
Business receipts............................................. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 7,094,614 23,238,886 62,884,616
Net income (less deficit)................................... n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 263,274 2,051,224 4,883,755
Net income....................................................... n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 1,073,495 3,701,961 10,034,647
Deficit............................................................... n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 810,221 1,650,737 5,150,892
Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships
Number of businesses........................................... 13,679,302 14,297,558 14,782,738 15,180,722 15,495,419 15,848,119 16,153,871 16,423,872
Total receipts......................................................... 671,969,931 692,810,938 730,606,020 712,567,989 737,082,032 757,215,452 790,630,020 807,363,638
Business receipts................................................... 671,969,931 692,810,938 730,606,020 712,567,989 737,082,032 757,215,452 790,630,020 807,363,638
Net income (less deficit)......................................... 126,323,251 132,737,680 141,430,193 141,515,783 153,960,246 156,458,803 166,798,668 169,262,336
Net income............................................................. 145,517,755 152,416,377 161,657,252 162,426,709 173,472,549 179,983,281 187,845,139 191,728,953
Deficit..................................................................... 19,194,505 19,678,697 20,227,059 20,910,927 19,512,304 23,524,477 21,046,471 22,466,617
Footnotes at end of table.
Tax Year
- 29 -
AN ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND ACTIVITY FROM TAX DATA
Table 1.--Number of Businesses, Business Receipts, Net Income, and Deficit, by Form of Business,
Tax Years 1980-2002--Continued
[All figures are estimates based on samples--money amounts are in thousands of dollars]
Form of business, item 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
(17) (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) (23)
All Businesses
Number of businesses..................................................... 23,240,648 23,645,197 24,113,044 24,448,466 25,007,504 25,605,898 26,434,293
Total receipts.................................................................... 17,371,531,836 18,729,888,900 19,717,102,456 21,616,705,144 23,845,405,224 23,752,254,090 23,361,178,481
Business receipts............................................................. 15,418,548,555 16,473,284,387 17,285,188,902 18,899,080,667 20,719,272,866 20,799,323,834 20,741,003,999
Net income (less deficit)................................................... 1,160,565,585 1,311,621,607 1,284,131,816 1,421,748,416 1,470,658,335 1,142,478,029 1,088,304,478
Net income....................................................................... 1,444,416,590 1,628,080,417 1,668,090,251 1,864,354,418 2,046,212,168 1,851,745,212 1,781,234,413
Deficit............................................................................... 283,851,005 316,458,810 383,959,436 442,606,001 575,553,831 709,267,183 692,929,934
Corporations
Number of businesses..................................................... 4,631,369 4,710,083 4,848,887 4,935,904 5,045,273 5,135,591 5,266,607
Total receipts.................................................................... 15,525,718,006 16,609,707,302 17,323,955,004 18,892,385,693 20,605,808,071 20,272,957,625 19,749,426,052
Business receipts............................................................. 13,659,470,309 14,460,928,696 15,010,264,802 16,313,971,384 17,636,551,348 17,504,288,630 17,297,125,146
Net income (less deficit)( ¹ )............................................. 838,591,644 956,736,971 895,152,469 985,363,334 986,952,279 648,758,089 596,524,023
Net income....................................................................... 1,016,135,059 1,155,242,666 1,144,026,382 1,282,481,469 1,391,008,755 1,155,497,718 1,084,179,817
Deficit............................................................................... 177,543,415 198,505,695 248,873,914 297,118,135 404,056,474 506,739,630 487,655,794
C Corporations
Number of businesses............................................... 2,317,886 2,248,065 2,249,970 2,198,740 2,172,705 2,136,756 2,100,074
Total receipts.............................................................. 12,709,004,468 13,445,458,022 13,996,499,545 15,238,422,201 16,607,287,993 16,214,520,589 15,582,601,688
Business receipts....................................................... 11,087,481,313 11,620,304,753 12,006,145,868 13,071,173,955 14,078,901,182 13,813,168,479 13,455,844,040
Net income (less deficit) ............................................ 574,553,924 607,541,446 532,246,228 535,289,061 517,937,235 270,774,336 258,673,938
Net income................................................................. 714,272,006 765,753,475 736,810,215 783,499,456 859,530,894 709,003,929 676,337,238
Deficit......................................................................... 139,718,081 158,212,028 204,563,988 248,210,395 341,593,657 438,229,593 417,663,300
1120-RIC and 1120-REIT
Number of businesses............................................... 9,067 9,764 10,829 11,389 12,090 12,349 12,156
Total receipts.............................................................. 198,619,366 269,011,761 266,322,290 353,094,730 381,042,973 296,924,686 255,897,663
Business receipts....................................................... -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Net income (less deficit)............................................. 138,792,224 196,132,514 181,117,938 256,317,862 270,479,156 190,296,836 154,371,152
Net income................................................................. 139,966,673 197,367,117 183,243,257 258,420,380 277,261,656 197,629,943 161,308,952
Deficit......................................................................... 1,174,450 1,234,604 2,125,319 2,102,518 6,782,500 7,333,108 6,937,800
S Corporations
Number of businesses............................................... 2,304,416 2,452,254 2,588,088 2,725,775 2,860,478 2,986,486 3,154,377
Total receipts.............................................................. 2,618,094,172 2,895,237,519 3,061,133,169 3,300,868,762 3,617,477,105 3,761,512,350 3,910,926,701
Business receipts....................................................... 2,571,988,996 2,840,623,943 3,004,118,934 3,242,797,429 3,557,650,166 3,691,120,151 3,841,281,106
Total net income (less deficit) ( ² ).............................. 125,245,496 153,063,011 181,788,303 193,756,411 198,535,888 187,686,917 183,478,933
Net income................................................................. 161,896,380 192,122,074 223,972,910 240,561,633 254,216,205 248,863,846 246,533,627
Deficit......................................................................... 36,650,884 39,059,063 42,184,607 46,805,222 55,680,317 61,176,929 63,054,694
Partnerships
Number of businesses..................................................... 1,654,256 1,758,627 1,855,348 1,936,919 2,057,500 2,132,117 2,242,169
Total receipts ( ³ )............................................................. 1,002,579,987 1,249,789,312 1,474,879,256 1,754,972,413 2,218,639,870 2,462,461,787 2,582,060,669
Business receipts............................................................. 915,844,403 1,141,963,405 1,356,655,904 1,615,762,245 2,061,764,235 2,278,200,526 2,414,187,093
Net income (less deficit)................................................... 145,218,248 168,240,726 186,704,627 228,438,105 268,990,758 276,334,824 270,667,169
Net income....................................................................... 228,157,635 262,373,206 297,874,299 348,467,958 409,972,787 446,069,172 439,761,741
Deficit............................................................................... 82,939,388 94,132,480 111,170,672 120,029,853 140,982,029 169,734,347 169,094,572
General (
4
)
Number of businesses............................................... 1,121,195 1,081,363 1,015,678 950,608 936,564 885,457 841,299
Total receipts ( ³ )....................................................... 458,690,125 482,362,036 428,936,952 414,879,711 460,800,631 508,569,485 506,554,952
Business receipts....................................................... 430,892,523 451,004,863 399,306,152 382,760,263 425,752,004 464,251,886 467,422,866
Net income (less deficit)............................................. 77,446,760 88,235,026 82,766,449 85,767,233 101,786,779 101,830,079 100,914,057
Net income................................................................. 106,074,272 113,264,997 107,709,809 108,487,666 127,059,152 128,591,551 125,748,798
Deficit......................................................................... 28,627,513 25,029,971 24,943,359 22,720,432 25,272,374 26,761,472 24,834,741
Limited (
5
)
Number of businesses............................................... 311,563 328,210 369,012 396,907 402,232 437,968 454,741
Total receipts ( ³ )....................................................... 386,373,126 474,480,710 585,636,689 701,845,221 884,397,372 935,891,900 987,064,490
Business receipts....................................................... 338,916,079 423,968,766 534,248,684 644,246,861 830,429,874 876,234,279 931,055,315
Net income (less deficit)............................................. 55,458,035 62,946,099 79,328,818 107,937,194 119,512,213 127,448,902 121,126,936
Net income................................................................. 97,721,530 109,035,802 131,493,455 157,244,765 170,929,457 187,146,566 178,135,683
Deficit......................................................................... 42,263,496 46,089,703 52,164,637 49,307,571 51,417,244 59,697,664 57,008,747
LLC
Number of businesses............................................... 221,498 349,054 470,657 589,403 718,704 808,692 946,130
Total receipts ( ³ )....................................................... 157,516,736 292,946,566 460,305,616 638,247,481 873,441,868 1,018,000,402 1,088,441,226
Business receipts....................................................... 146,035,802 266,989,776 423,101,069 588,755,121 805,582,357 937,714,361 1,015,708,912
Net income (less deficit)............................................. 12,313,453 17,059,601 24,609,360 34,733,678 47,691,767 47,055,843 48,626,175
Net income................................................................. 24,361,833 40,072,407 58,672,036 82,735,527 111,984,178 130,331,055 135,877,260
Deficit......................................................................... 12,048,379 23,012,806 34,062,676 48,001,849 64,292,411 83,275,212 87,251,084
Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships
Number of businesses..................................................... 16,955,023 17,176,487 17,408,809 17,575,643 17,904,731 18,338,190 18,925,517
Total receipts.................................................................... 843,233,843 870,392,286 918,268,196 969,347,038 1,020,957,283 1,016,834,678 1,029,691,760
Business receipts............................................................. 843,233,843 870,392,286 918,268,196 969,347,038 1,020,957,283 1,016,834,678 1,029,691,760
Net income (less deficit)................................................... 176,755,693 186,643,910 202,274,720 207,946,977 214,715,298 217,385,116 221,113,286
Net income....................................................................... 200,123,896 210,464,545 226,189,570 233,404,991 245,230,626 250,178,322 257,292,855
Deficit............................................................................... 23,368,202 23,820,635 23,914,850 25,458,013 30,515,328 32,793,206 36,179,568
n.a. - not available.
1
For Tax Years beginning in 1987, Total Corporation "Net income (less deficit)" includes "Total net income (less deficit)" from S Corporations and is more comprehensive than what SOI generally publishes.
2
Prior to Tax Year 1987, "Total net income (less deficit)" from S Corporations only includes "Net income (less deficit)" from S Corporations and is not as comprehensive as data in future years.
3
For consistency purposes of this publication, what SOI normally publishes as Partnership "Total income" is labeled as "Total receipts."
4
For Tax Years 1980-1995 General Partnerships include Partnerships listed on the tax return as General and not reported. For Tax Years 1996-1999 General Partnerships include Partnerships listed on the
tax return as General, Other and not reported. For Tax Years 2000-2002 General Partnerships include Partnerships listed on the tax return as General, Foreign, Other and not reported.
5
For Tax Years 1980-1992 Limited Partnerships include Partnerships listed on the tax return as Limited Partnerships. For Tax Years 1993-1995 Limited Partnerships include Partnerships listed on the
tax return as Limited Partnerships, General Limited Liability Partnerships, and Limited Liability Partnerships. For Tax Years 1996-1997 Limited Partnerships include Partnerships listed on the tax return
as Limited Partnerships. For Tax Years 1998-1999 Limited Partnerships include Partnerships listed on the tax return as Limited Partnerships and Limited Liability Partnerships. For Tax Years 2000-2002
Limited Partnerships include Partnerships listed on the tax return as Domestic Limited Partnerships and Domestic Limited Liability Partnerships.
NOTE: Detail may not add to totals due to rounding.
Tax Year
- 30 -
PETSKA, PARISI, LUTTRELL, DAVITIAN, AND SCOFFIC
Table 2A.--Number of Businesses, Business Receipts, Net Income, Deficit, and Other Selected Items,
by Form of Business, Industry, and Business Receipt Size, Tax Year 1998
[All figures are estimates based on samples--money amounts are in thousands of dollars]
Under $25,000 $100,000 $250,000 $500,000 $1,000,000 $2,500,000 $5,000,000 $10,000,000 $50,000,000
Form of business, item Total $25,000 under under under under under under under under or
$100,000 $250,000 $500,000 $1,000,000 $2,500,000 $5,000,000 $10,000,000 $50,000,000 more
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
All Businesses
Number of businesses........................ 24,113,044 13,974,466 4,764,739 2,281,237 1,209,764 804,946 587,772 227,203 125,237 110,594 27,086
Total receipts...................................... 19,717,102,456 145,339,982 246,322,213 358,333,168 422,586,745 563,180,360 912,928,460 800,598,575 873,218,257 2,266,633,395 13,127,961,301
Business receipts............................... 17,285,188,902 85,639,587 240,382,492 349,657,141 412,604,563 549,320,085 884,928,347 768,825,657 826,613,784 2,096,136,446 11,071,080,801
Total business deductions.................. 18,591,694,169 155,884,135 183,938,754 299,717,900 380,718,555 528,827,085 878,482,933 774,074,954 840,548,353 2,157,081,858 12,392,419,644
Costs of goods sold............................ 10,440,760,907 11,029,952 45,206,264 99,084,131 149,492,786 234,496,702 453,722,764 445,908,980 512,174,772 1,429,001,070 7,060,643,487
Salaries and wages............................ 1,842,782,787 12,727,121 13,789,306 39,623,419 59,375,350 80,619,370 120,138,290 92,978,628 95,136,901 209,767,332 1,118,627,067
Taxes paid.......................................... 392,122,646 3,693,573 4,508,918 9,533,042 12,204,453 16,303,360 24,973,128 19,578,789 18,747,658 39,635,950 242,943,776
Interest paid........................................ 1,051,224,941 8,451,747 4,647,506 6,673,745 7,441,285 8,696,842 15,346,138 14,420,702 20,333,600 62,471,555 902,741,822
Depreciation........................................ 614,850,813 10,060,618 11,850,625 12,590,142 12,049,870 13,433,911 19,989,400 16,210,411 16,648,705 42,525,385 459,491,746
Net income (less deficit)..................... 1,284,131,816 -3,653,627 68,583,858 69,311,628 54,164,474 44,141,002 46,483,727 37,507,870 44,552,749 129,836,572 793,203,564
Net income.......................................... 1,668,091,252 80,919,485 86,299,688 85,829,167 68,956,178 60,519,836 69,185,361 54,528,990 63,068,635 173,540,405 925,243,507
Deficit.................................................. 383,959,436 84,573,112 17,715,830 16,517,539 14,791,704 16,378,834 22,701,634 17,021,120 18,515,886 43,703,835 132,039,943
Corporations
Number of businesses........................ 4,848,888 1,169,591 748,636 840,006 644,396 553,217 467,642 193,800 110,302 97,757 23,542
Total receipts...................................... 17,323,955,004 39,623,284 48,941,501 145,033,825 236,229,500 398,875,148 740,658,271 691,966,841 776,786,140 2,018,310,740 12,227,529,752
Business receipts............................... 15,010,264,802 5,300,644 43,751,193 137,548,602 228,043,316 386,956,560 717,709,500 664,080,283 735,051,410 1,864,328,275 10,227,495,018
Total business deductions.................. 16,489,425,015 54,731,670 48,616,050 140,187,075 229,891,774 388,472,729 721,740,000 673,104,667 751,274,323 1,925,953,257 11,555,453,469
Costs of goods sold............................ 9,362,392,237 1,885,708 9,502,361 39,239,176 78,685,074 162,112,523 365,234,999 389,020,858 463,572,404 1,300,437,747 6,552,701,386
Salaries and wages............................ 1,613,559,231 7,809,413 4,724,016 17,648,108 33,476,727 56,928,888 97,605,030 79,260,362 83,821,262 184,327,501 1,047,957,925
Taxes paid.......................................... 354,578,692 2,370,314 2,140,059 5,600,640 8,449,897 13,135,995 21,782,476 17,687,538 17,200,808 36,236,540 229,974,425
Interest paid........................................ 966,659,473 4,681,406 1,761,072 3,260,359 4,388,991 6,022,030 11,828,246 11,719,663 17,321,956 52,631,514 853,044,236
Depreciation........................................ 542,490,397 2,298,498 2,672,944 4,845,891 6,718,133 9,472,406 16,057,327 13,809,655 14,213,582 35,166,394 437,235,565
Net income (less deficit)( ¹ )................ 895,152,469 -910,825 1,702,940 7,161,929 10,775,691 12,972,958 22,109,880 22,492,339 28,983,818 90,719,519 699,144,220
Net income.......................................... 1,144,026,383 26,222,152 8,629,334 15,901,949 20,293,561 24,228,279 38,628,136 34,678,078 42,972,894 122,108,029 810,363,971
Deficit 248,873,914 27,132,977 6,926,394 8,740,020 9,517,870 11,255,320 16,518,256 12,185,739 13,989,076 31,388,511 111,219,751
C Corporations (
2
)
Number of businesses.................. 2,260,799 470,111 329,244 362,513 313,723 280,738 260,136 109,405 63,741 54,310 16,878
Total receipts................................ 14,262,821,835 29,249,069 22,437,425 64,782,917 117,893,376 205,782,983 412,764,768 393,832,755 452,086,050 1,127,121,724 11,436,870,768
Business receipts......................... 12,006,145,868 2,275,358 18,743,409 58,884,625 111,843,093 197,067,452 395,248,776 371,438,609 415,277,551 985,996,990 9,449,370,004
Total business deductions............ 13,554,140,784 39,762,936 23,869,740 65,662,274 118,618,761 205,965,971 410,061,999 388,293,413 441,210,912 1,067,676,214 10,793,018,563
Costs of goods sold...................... 7,428,465,189 861,989 4,140,648 16,719,545 37,439,053 79,976,046 196,040,981 216,389,192 262,788,953 663,093,941 5,951,014,842
Salaries and wages...................... 1,308,886,018 6,479,696 2,260,393 7,897,407 16,224,492 30,136,317 54,216,388 44,947,695 47,199,391 106,876,525 992,647,716
Taxes paid.................................... 291,957,071 1,705,661 1,183,724 2,840,967 4,496,637 7,233,702 12,897,239 10,541,705 10,275,254 21,732,303 219,049,880
Interest paid.................................. 929,505,767 3,715,329 1,037,833 1,801,328 2,442,550 3,339,876 7,668,306 8,093,580 13,275,774 43,168,291 844,962,899
Depreciation.................................. 491,004,497 1,440,500 1,344,518 2,455,012 3,702,106 5,408,595 9,725,130 8,350,120 8,769,602 22,909,846 426,899,067
Net income (less deficit)............... 713,364,166 -10,319,604 -1,450,902 -911,784 -762,586 -284,015 2,247,725 4,385,537 8,616,383 48,709,017 663,134,394
Net income.................................... 920,053,473 6,426,278 2,346,378 4,086,802 4,835,441 6,815,357 13,679,620 13,701,808 20,029,156 75,865,733 772,266,900
Deficit............................................ 206,689,307 16,745,882 3,797,280 4,998,586 5,598,027 7,099,371 11,431,895 9,316,271 11,412,773 27,156,716 109,132,506
S Corporations
Number of businesses.................. 2,588,088 699,480 419,392 477,493 330,673 272,479 207,505 84,395 46,561 43,447 6,664
Total receipts................................ 3,061,133,169 10,374,216 26,504,076 80,250,908 118,336,124 193,092,165 327,893,502 298,134,086 324,700,090 891,189,016 790,658,985
Business receipts......................... 3,004,118,934 3,025,287 25,007,785 78,663,977 116,200,223 189,889,107 322,460,724 292,641,674 319,773,859 878,331,285 778,125,014
Total business deductions............ 2,935,284,231 14,968,734 24,746,310 74,524,801 111,273,014 182,506,758 311,678,001 284,811,254 310,063,412 858,277,043 762,434,906
Costs of goods sold...................... 1,933,927,048 1,023,719 5,361,714 22,519,631 41,246,021 82,136,476 169,194,018 172,631,666 200,783,451 637,343,806 601,686,544
Salaries and wages...................... 304,673,212 1,329,717 2,463,623 9,750,701 17,252,235 26,792,571 43,388,642 34,312,668 36,621,871 77,450,976 55,310,209
Taxes paid.................................... 62,621,621 664,652 956,335 2,759,674 3,953,260 5,902,294 8,885,236 7,145,833 6,925,554 14,504,238 10,924,546
Interest paid.................................. 37,153,706 966,077 723,239 1,459,030 1,946,442 2,682,154 4,159,939 3,626,083 4,046,183 9,463,224 8,081,336
Depreciation.................................. 51,485,899 857,999 1,328,426 2,390,879 3,016,027 4,063,811 6,332,197 5,459,535 5,443,980 12,256,549 10,336,498
Total net income (less deficit)....... 181,788,303 9,408,779 3,153,842 8,073,713 11,538,277 13,256,973 19,862,155 18,106,802 20,367,435 42,010,502 36,009,826
Net income.................................... 223,972,910 19,795,874 6,282,956 11,815,147 15,458,120 17,412,922 24,948,516 20,976,270 22,943,738 46,242,296 38,097,071
Deficit............................................ 42,184,607 10,387,095 3,129,114 3,741,434 3,919,843 4,155,949 5,086,361 2,869,468 2,576,303 4,231,795 2,087,245
Partnerships
Number of businesses........................ 1,855,348 1,037,571 314,120 206,432 113,816 76,622 56,792 22,638 12,217 11,696 3,443
Total receipts ( ³ )................................ 1,474,879,256 26,723,342 9,234,457 22,587,046 32,041,217 45,937,124 80,480,503 72,533,863 78,474,189 227,575,321 879,292,195
Business receipts............................... 1,356,655,904 1,345,587 8,485,044 21,396,242 30,245,219 43,995,438 75,429,160 68,647,503 73,604,446 211,060,836 822,446,430
Total business deductions.................. 1,386,111,725 42,155,084 10,514,909 21,657,153 29,327,138 41,783,909 73,947,653 67,078,913 72,509,511 211,233,618 815,903,837
Costs of goods sold............................ 737,235,839 599,393 2,330,873 7,047,658 11,076,713 16,722,295 31,427,483 31,850,267 35,733,664 111,683,919 488,763,575
Salaries and wages............................ 142,910,961 3,844,711 723,649 2,141,603 3,957,195 6,656,976 11,262,534 9,978,110 9,877,000 24,329,514 70,139,667
Taxes paid.......................................... 23,813,223 594,961 234,092 480,318 729,413 1,010,086 1,730,346 1,437,053 1,366,728 3,278,105 12,952,121
Interest paid........................................ 73,406,067 2,642,013 503,273 729,857 1,004,563 1,412,735 2,569,823 2,396,681 2,808,954 9,656,507 49,681,662
Depreciation........................................ 42,579,701 2,883,828 541,827 880,804 916,074 1,429,159 2,334,977 1,922,477 2,223,844 7,225,713 22,220,998
Net income (less deficit)..................... 186,704,627 -22,949,829 3,538,893 9,308,886 10,584,311 11,400,164 15,379,479 12,804,592 14,391,407 38,264,385 93,982,338
Net income.......................................... 297,875,299 20,084,633 9,807,102 15,056,844 14,679,860 15,852,414 21,078,876 17,419,377 18,755,679 50,371,059 114,769,455
Deficit.................................................. 111,170,672 43,034,462 6,268,209 5,747,958 4,095,549 4,452,250 5,699,397 4,614,785 4,364,272 12,106,674 20,787,117
Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships
Number of businesses........................ 17,408,809 11,767,304 3,701,983 1,234,799 451,552 175,107 63,338 10,765 2,718 1,141 101
Total receipts...................................... 918,268,196 78,993,356 188,146,255 190,712,297 154,316,028 118,368,087 91,789,686 36,097,871 17,957,928 20,747,334 21,139,354
Business receipts............................... 918,268,196 78,993,356 188,146,255 190,712,297 154,316,028 118,368,087 91,789,686 36,097,871 17,957,928 20,747,334 21,139,354
Total business deductions.................. 716,157,430 58,997,381 124,807,795 137,873,672 121,499,642 98,570,447 82,795,280 33,891,374 16,764,518 19,894,983 21,062,338
Costs of goods sold............................ 341,132,831 8,544,851 33,373,029 52,797,297 59,730,999 55,661,884 57,060,283 25,037,855 12,868,704 16,879,404 19,178,526
Salaries and wages............................ 86,312,596 1,072,998 8,341,642 19,833,708 21,941,428 17,033,506 11,270,726 3,740,156 1,438,639 1,110,317 529,475
Taxes paid.......................................... 13,730,731 728,299 2,134,767 3,452,083 3,025,143 2,157,279 1,460,306 454,198 180,122 121,304 17,230
Interest paid........................................ 11,159,400 1,128,328 2,383,161 2,683,529 2,047,731 1,262,076 948,069 304,358 202,690 183,534 15,925
Depreciation........................................ 29,780,715 4,878,291 8,635,854 6,863,448 4,415,663 2,532,346 1,597,096 478,279 211,279 133,277 35,182
Net income (less deficit)..................... 202,274,720 20,207,027 63,342,025 52,840,813 32,804,472 19,767,880 8,994,368 2,210,938 1,177,524 852,668 77,006
Net income.......................................... 226,189,570 34,612,700 67,863,252 54,870,374 33,982,757 20,439,144 9,478,348 2,431,535 1,340,061 1,061,317 110,081
Deficit.................................................. 23,914,850 14,405,673 4,521,227 2,029,562 1,178,285 671,264 483,981 220,596 162,538 208,650 33,075
1
Total Corporation "Net income (less deficit)" includes "Total net income (less deficit)" from S Corporations and is more comprehensive than what SOI generally publishes.
2
For this table, the computations for C Corporations also include 1120-RIC and 1120-REIT returns.
3
For consistency purposes of this publication, what SOI normally publishes as Partnership "Total income" is labeled as "Total receipts."
NOTE: Detail may not add to total because of rounding.
All industries
- 31 -
AN ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND ACTIVITY FROM TAX DATA
Table 2B.--Number of Businesses, Business Receipts, Net Income, Deficit, and Other Selected Items,
by Form of Business, Industry, and Business Receipt Size, Tax Year 1999
[All figures are estimates based on samples--money amounts are in thousands of dollars]
Under $25,000 $100,000 $250,000 $500,000 $1,000,000 $2,500,000 $5,000,000 $10,000,000 $50,000,000
Form of business, item Total $25,000 under under under under under under under under or
$100,000 $250,000 $500,000 $1,000,000 $2,500,000 $5,000,000 $10,000,000 $50,000,000 more
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
All Businesses
Number of businesses............................ 24,448,466 14,045,632 4,925,838 2,279,078 1,260,910 812,137 611,773 240,694 129,061 114,155 29,189
Total receipts........................................... 21,616,705,144 153,000,907 251,787,730 357,382,981 442,443,531 570,557,969 949,707,439 844,241,774 899,797,960 2,355,160,627 14,792,624,228
Business receipts.................................... 18,899,080,668 86,911,643 245,278,507 348,987,172 432,862,629 556,233,812 924,781,255 813,294,007 853,876,284 2,174,985,391 12,461,869,970
Total business deductions...................... 20,375,890,789 163,641,493 190,720,264 299,558,909 400,262,479 535,158,804 915,231,457 816,280,898 866,494,625 2,241,316,628 13,947,225,232
Costs of goods sold................................ 11,556,334,280 12,144,724 45,596,195 93,002,502 156,771,916 231,109,602 468,547,249 468,567,517 519,234,963 1,468,827,054 8,092,532,557
Salaries and wages................................. 2,042,858,325 14,487,290 14,045,130 39,670,637 63,039,835 84,119,734 127,909,401 100,809,447 102,175,772 224,847,037 1,271,754,043
Taxes paid............................................... 412,079,823 3,947,901 4,543,953 9,221,743 12,867,658 16,696,108 25,569,657 19,779,595 19,085,301 40,637,428 259,730,481
Interest paid............................................ 1,104,625,540 8,415,095 4,533,570 6,701,759 7,539,017 9,142,672 14,628,875 14,573,912 19,011,899 61,970,647 958,108,093
Depreciation............................................ 666,721,794 11,566,406 12,229,006 13,044,327 12,658,547 14,114,750 20,846,207 17,197,829 17,735,800 47,019,748 500,309,173
Net income (less deficit).......................... 1,421,748,416 -262,352 70,508,986 68,968,646 52,863,279 45,701,921 48,581,874 38,327,547 43,318,053 138,731,743 915,008,716
Net income.............................................. 1,864,354,417 91,122,770 90,552,915 87,778,675 69,838,682 63,077,928 75,083,080 57,534,265 64,421,776 191,281,206 1,073,663,121
Deficit...................................................... 442,606,001 91,385,122 20,043,930 18,810,028 16,975,404 17,376,005 26,501,205 19,206,718 21,103,724 52,549,462 158,654,404
Corporations
Number of businesses............................ 4,935,904 1,188,676 783,455 823,942 676,133 546,171 478,601 202,646 111,873 99,380 25,026
Total receipts........................................... 18,892,385,693 41,690,487 51,608,391 142,551,136 249,595,329 396,870,550 760,349,543 721,490,198 789,324,352 2,069,063,871 13,669,841,835
Business receipts.................................... 16,313,971,385 5,320,054 46,336,764 135,409,300 241,723,679 385,772,814 739,541,842 695,125,280 749,373,499 1,909,148,657 11,406,219,496
Total business deductions...................... 17,966,972,060 58,065,223 52,863,919 139,219,322 243,501,542 386,818,661 742,977,358 702,199,592 765,043,705 1,971,734,403 12,904,548,335
Costs of goods sold................................ 10,284,098,039 2,526,763 10,536,416 36,001,808 83,293,982 157,029,884 372,638,094 403,704,309 464,077,146 1,320,832,938 7,433,456,697
Salaries and wages................................. 1,783,025,584 8,436,138 4,997,985 17,960,931 36,019,144 58,272,613 102,652,390 85,166,178 89,189,063 194,446,549 1,185,884,593
Taxes paid............................................... 371,183,229 2,570,791 2,151,175 5,405,983 9,052,334 13,160,400 22,074,901 17,728,081 17,335,095 36,818,322 244,886,146
Interest paid............................................ 1,018,972,484 4,284,267 1,748,137 3,076,147 4,651,184 6,159,057 10,837,164 11,729,534 15,743,969 51,026,577 909,716,449
Depreciation............................................ 583,799,586 2,684,792 2,696,629 5,022,993 7,086,316 9,850,040 16,538,625 14,414,944 14,896,667 36,684,895 473,923,686
Net income (less deficit)( ¹ ).................... 985,363,333 1,800,919 1,295,110 5,870,499 7,870,261 11,611,525 21,284,660 21,298,855 24,603,836 96,093,707 793,633,962
Net income.............................................. 1,282,481,469 33,088,241 10,191,580 16,237,884 18,522,833 23,788,385 40,701,750 35,373,742 40,443,551 132,416,595 931,716,911
Deficit...................................................... 297,118,135 31,287,322 8,896,470 10,367,385 10,652,572 12,176,859 19,417,089 14,074,887 15,839,716 36,322,888 138,082,949
C Corporations (
2
)
Number of businesses...................... 2,210,129 473,987 322,385 343,211 304,663 264,643 257,151 110,294 62,635 53,605 17,555
Total receipts..................................... 15,591,516,931 31,119,510 22,350,928 61,313,454 115,034,275 195,517,231 415,023,993 396,729,766 444,172,775 1,129,134,158 12,781,120,842
Business receipts.............................. 13,071,173,955 2,308,441 18,691,583 55,835,226 109,397,822 187,234,409 398,979,937 374,940,207 409,382,461 983,094,514 10,531,309,356
Total business deductions................ 14,804,802,646 42,283,764 25,351,909 63,896,939 117,099,156 197,336,398 415,817,327 391,938,482 435,190,488 1,069,025,467 12,046,862,715
Costs of goods sold.......................... 8,224,778,365 1,700,022 4,117,351 14,198,913 37,954,085 74,122,799 197,282,132 217,225,887 253,435,981 660,354,022 6,764,387,173
Salaries and wages........................... 1,447,235,089 6,796,789 2,462,164 8,094,401 15,907,701 29,157,499 56,935,202 46,462,681 50,149,397 110,075,850 1,121,193,406
Taxes paid......................................... 304,321,709 1,802,407 1,161,487 2,638,037 4,460,985 6,918,740 12,775,553 10,286,950 10,143,624 21,305,174 232,828,751
Interest paid...................................... 978,621,092 3,288,315 1,023,522 1,606,183 2,319,301 3,364,961 6,709,858 7,822,220 11,391,036 40,986,576 900,109,121
Depreciation...................................... 526,925,540 1,610,292 1,425,281 2,471,795 3,591,522 5,399,831 9,678,254 8,503,951 8,976,255 23,400,267 461,868,092
Net income (less deficit).................... 791,606,922 -10,740,380 -2,979,824 -2,630,113 -2,132,368 -1,918,054 -1,262,008 3,677,030 6,450,674 49,448,455 753,693,512
Net income........................................ 1,041,919,836 8,179,895 2,422,338 3,620,136 4,457,317 6,440,613 12,915,929 14,525,130 19,361,933 81,561,530 888,435,017
Deficit................................................ 250,312,913 18,920,275 5,402,162 6,250,249 6,589,685 8,358,667 14,177,937 10,848,100 12,911,260 32,113,075 134,741,505
S Corporations
Number of businesses...................... 2,725,775 714,689 461,070 480,730 371,471 281,528 221,450 92,352 49,238 45,775 7,471
Total receipts..................................... 3,300,868,762 10,570,977 29,257,463 81,237,683 134,561,054 201,353,320 345,325,550 324,760,432 345,151,577 939,929,713 888,720,993
Business receipts.............................. 3,242,797,429 3,011,613 27,645,182 79,574,074 132,325,857 198,538,404 340,561,905 320,185,073 339,991,038 926,054,143 874,910,141
Total business deductions................ 3,162,169,414 15,781,458 27,512,010 75,322,383 126,402,386 189,482,263 327,160,031 310,261,111 329,853,217 902,708,936 857,685,619
Costs of goods sold.......................... 2,059,319,673 826,740 6,419,065 21,802,895 45,339,897 82,907,086 175,355,962 186,478,422 210,641,165 660,478,916 669,069,524
Salaries and wages........................... 335,790,494 1,639,349 2,535,821 9,866,530 20,111,443 29,115,114 45,717,189 38,703,497 39,039,666 84,370,699 64,691,186
Taxes paid......................................... 66,861,519 768,384 989,687 2,767,946 4,591,350 6,241,660 9,299,349 7,441,131 7,191,471 15,513,148 12,057,395
Interest paid...................................... 40,351,393 995,952 724,615 1,469,964 2,331,883 2,794,096 4,127,306 3,907,313 4,352,933 10,040,002 9,607,328
Depreciation...................................... 56,874,046 1,074,500 1,271,347 2,551,198 3,494,794 4,450,209 6,860,371 5,910,993 5,920,412 13,284,628 12,055,594
Total net income (less deficit)........... 193,756,411 12,541,299 4,274,934 8,500,612 10,002,629 13,529,579 22,546,668 17,621,825 18,153,162 46,645,252 39,940,450
Net income........................................ 240,561,633 24,908,346 7,769,242 12,617,748 14,065,516 17,347,772 27,785,821 20,848,612 21,081,618 50,855,065 43,281,894
Deficit................................................ 46,805,222 12,367,047 3,494,308 4,117,136 4,062,887 3,818,192 5,239,152 3,226,787 2,928,456 4,209,813 3,341,444
Partnerships
Number of businesses............................ 1,936,919 1,036,339 356,913 212,438 125,787 83,799 64,757 25,094 14,375 13,437 3,981
Total receipts ( ³ ).................................... 1,754,972,413 31,042,309 10,391,869 23,471,292 34,875,981 50,555,407 91,042,927 79,786,794 91,715,629 261,383,977 1,080,706,229
Business receipts.................................... 1,615,762,245 1,323,477 9,154,272 22,217,320 33,166,729 47,328,987 86,924,445 75,203,945 85,744,805 241,123,955 1,013,574,310
Total business deductions...................... 1,647,491,152 44,613,112 12,262,491 23,283,924 32,366,753 45,779,823 83,689,916 74,113,049 84,175,045 245,974,396 1,001,232,643
Costs of goods sold................................ 902,157,018 980,414 2,623,624 7,320,780 12,087,758 17,778,260 36,388,551 34,809,446 42,362,235 127,850,796 619,955,153
Salaries and wages................................. 169,905,010 5,002,752 887,756 2,425,227 4,427,127 7,125,707 13,000,939 11,175,584 11,368,460 29,092,877 85,398,582
Taxes paid............................................... 26,896,235 646,924 236,070 550,037 817,543 1,109,282 1,955,513 1,524,080 1,556,255 3,693,307 14,807,224
Interest paid............................................ 74,428,567 2,937,392 411,785 997,477 994,215 1,577,263 2,851,744 2,465,984 3,030,913 10,786,371 48,375,422
Depreciation............................................ 51,730,335 3,557,058 655,798 900,880 1,162,038 1,472,709 2,656,720 2,180,415 2,616,705 10,162,868 26,365,144
Net income (less deficit).......................... 228,438,105 -21,404,559 5,070,087 8,782,761 11,406,100 13,512,509 17,538,266 14,023,177 17,241,255 41,529,671 120,738,837
Net income.............................................. 348,467,958 23,041,871 11,826,153 15,120,849 16,411,103 17,982,694 24,066,610 18,874,845 22,282,030 57,600,793 141,261,009
Deficit...................................................... 120,029,853 44,446,430 6,756,067 6,338,088 5,005,003 4,470,185 6,528,344 4,851,668 5,040,775 16,071,122 20,522,172
Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships
Number of businesses............................ 17,575,643 11,820,617 3,785,470 1,242,698 458,990 182,167 68,415 12,953 2,813 1,338 182
Total receipts........................................... 969,347,038 80,268,111 189,787,470 191,360,552 157,972,221 123,132,011 98,314,968 42,964,782 18,757,979 24,712,779 42,076,163
Business receipts.................................... 969,347,038 80,268,111 189,787,470 191,360,552 157,972,221 123,132,011 98,314,968 42,964,782 18,757,979 24,712,779 42,076,163
Total business deductions...................... 761,427,577 60,963,158 125,593,854 137,055,663 124,394,184 102,560,320 88,564,183 39,968,256 17,275,875 23,607,828 41,444,255
Costs of goods sold................................ 370,079,223 8,637,547 32,436,154 49,679,914 61,390,176 56,301,458 59,520,604 30,053,763 12,795,582 20,143,320 39,120,706
Salaries and wages................................. 89,927,731 1,048,400 8,159,390 19,284,479 22,593,564 18,721,414 12,256,072 4,467,685 1,618,249 1,307,611 470,868
Taxes paid............................................... 14,000,359 730,186 2,156,708 3,265,723 2,997,780 2,426,426 1,539,242 527,434 193,951 125,799 37,111
Interest paid............................................ 11,224,488 1,193,436 2,373,648 2,628,135 1,893,618 1,406,352 939,967 378,394 237,017 157,699 16,222
Depreciation............................................ 31,191,872 5,324,555 8,876,579 7,120,454 4,410,193 2,792,001 1,650,863 602,471 222,429 171,986 20,343
Net income (less deficit).......................... 207,946,977 19,341,288 64,143,789 54,315,387 33,586,918 20,577,888 9,758,948 3,005,515 1,472,962 1,108,366 635,917
Net income.............................................. 233,404,991 34,992,658 68,535,182 56,419,942 34,904,747 21,306,849 10,314,721 3,285,678 1,696,195 1,263,818 685,201
Deficit...................................................... 25,458,013 15,651,370 4,391,393 2,104,555 1,317,829 728,962 555,772 280,163 223,233 155,452 49,284
1
Total Corporation "Net income (less deficit)" includes "Total net income (less deficit)" from S Corporations and is more comprehensive than what SOI generally publishes.
2
For this table, the computations for C Corporations also include 1120-RIC and 1120-REIT returns.
3
For consistency purposes of this publication, what SOI normally publishes as Partnership "Total income" is labeled as "Total receipts."
NOTE: Detail may not add to total because of rounding.
All industries
- 32 -
PETSKA, PARISI, LUTTRELL, DAVITIAN, AND SCOFFIC
Table 2C.-- Number of Businesses, Business Receipts, Net Income, Deficit, and Other Selected Items,
by Form of Business, Industry, and Business Receipt Size, Tax Year 2000
[All figures are estimates based on samples--money amounts are in thousands of dollars]
Under $25,000 $100,000 $250,000 $500,000 $1,000,000 $2,500,000 $5,000,000 $10,000,000 $50,000,000
Total $25,000 under under under under under under under under or
$100,000 $250,000 $500,000 $1,000,000 $2,500,000 $5,000,000 $10,000,000 $50,000,000 more
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
All Businesses
Number of businesses....................... 25,007,504 14,323,761 5,044,551 2,339,518 1,261,215 863,856 631,317 256,111 134,946 121,005 31,226
Total receipts..................................... 23,845,405,223 157,049,812 258,732,605 367,481,725 443,025,048 601,296,628 976,329,999 898,103,068 941,224,209 2,485,556,859 16,716,605,269
Business receipts.............................. 20,719,272,866 89,207,037 252,373,284 358,161,770 432,215,830 587,639,402 949,118,435 865,986,458 894,354,516 2,295,267,190 13,994,948,943
Total business deductions................. 22,597,449,332 181,945,234 196,815,975 311,124,577 402,389,404 565,292,207 945,806,680 874,005,483 915,105,217 2,390,301,738 15,814,662,818
Costs of goods sold........................... 12,748,297,892 11,274,422 43,898,992 96,361,476 150,568,425 234,887,831 474,583,770 487,221,982 536,289,847 1,544,581,653 9,168,629,496
Salaries and wages........................... 2,251,927,584 17,949,521 14,359,720 40,975,312 64,401,650 92,135,775 135,667,511 112,347,486 110,038,621 243,242,680 1,420,809,312
Taxes paid......................................... 435,168,334 4,133,603 4,418,811 9,380,045 12,743,848 17,618,060 26,167,996 20,790,089 19,909,885 42,711,239 277,294,761
Interest paid....................................... 1,376,663,337 9,050,941 4,872,806 7,272,703 7,737,944 10,055,255 16,229,234 16,173,654 20,435,409 71,629,925 1,213,205,467
Depreciation...................................... 706,107,104 11,907,931 12,662,894 13,878,648 12,758,995 15,493,569 21,853,826 18,382,838 18,627,208 47,744,527 532,796,667
Net income (less deficit).................... 1,470,658,334 -15,047,369 69,578,410 67,673,841 51,430,798 47,117,312 45,585,699 37,423,472 38,259,307 123,941,181 1,004,695,686
Net income........................................ 2,046,212,168 94,696,194 93,436,476 90,469,148 72,872,893 68,945,708 78,614,695 63,620,215 67,867,370 196,641,163 1,219,048,308
Deficit................................................ 575,553,833 109,743,562 23,858,065 22,795,306 21,442,095 21,828,397 33,028,997 26,196,744 29,608,064 72,699,981 214,352,622
Corporations
Number of businesses....................... 5,045,274 1,220,003 782,747 837,072 677,480 581,940 487,533 212,496 115,106 104,524 26,372
Total receipts..................................... 20,605,808,070 44,380,488 51,077,677 146,174,039 250,539,810 418,959,740 770,734,628 754,821,357 814,040,211 2,164,472,050 15,190,608,071
Business receipts.............................. 17,636,551,348 5,491,907 45,779,274 138,446,952 241,515,388 407,815,578 748,446,965 727,755,456 773,334,342 1,996,366,609 12,551,598,878
Total business deductions................. 19,691,591,726 70,783,003 53,932,571 143,619,156 246,273,323 410,164,819 757,604,529 738,909,494 795,091,119 2,086,976,141 14,388,237,571
Costs of goods sold........................... 11,135,287,909 1,799,913 9,711,853 36,293,813 83,003,692 160,966,315 373,506,201 411,062,657 470,727,263 1,374,616,895 8,213,599,305
Salaries and wages........................... 1,957,812,570 11,705,836 5,547,031 19,064,459 37,236,221 64,933,511 107,329,549 94,499,429 94,297,994 209,222,591 1,313,975,949
Taxes paid......................................... 390,067,115 2,763,938 2,166,809 5,450,593 8,862,929 14,038,073 22,333,620 18,498,477 17,779,674 38,379,106 259,793,897
Interest paid....................................... 1,271,678,744 4,618,482 1,849,778 3,374,102 4,601,284 6,816,168 11,654,376 12,906,464 16,780,821 60,085,625 1,148,991,644
Depreciation...................................... 614,372,700 3,216,011 2,792,121 5,183,637 7,099,495 10,723,382 16,744,022 14,703,544 15,157,154 38,661,334 500,091,999
Net income (less deficit)( ¹ ).............. 986,952,279 -9,843,613 -1,130,701 3,563,967 5,989,908 10,827,328 16,598,640 19,667,017 20,005,711 77,528,687 843,745,335
Net income........................................ 1,391,008,755 32,784,125 9,499,059 16,613,183 19,777,917 26,185,419 40,208,246 38,736,118 41,677,076 131,662,989 1,033,864,623
Deficit................................................ 404,056,476 42,627,738 10,629,760 13,049,216 13,788,008 15,358,092 23,609,607 19,069,101 21,671,366 54,134,301 190,119,288
C Corporations (
2
)
Number of businesses................. 2,184,795 473,111 312,248 343,804 290,666 262,547 255,443 111,573 61,995 55,334 18,073
Total receipts............................... 16,988,330,966 34,802,542 21,564,795 62,482,405 109,589,610 193,014,491 412,749,259 400,454,455 442,057,984 1,156,040,424 14,155,575,002
Business receipts........................ 14,078,901,182 2,197,494 17,986,624 56,691,627 103,297,434 184,552,959 395,726,244 378,468,011 406,823,175 1,002,716,239 11,530,441,375
Total business deductions........... 16,214,559,976 53,510,760 26,472,510 66,914,698 114,415,388 197,305,969 418,621,397 400,447,623 438,678,408 1,115,030,793 13,383,162,430
Costs of goods sold..................... 8,870,607,003 947,771 4,080,571 14,747,835 35,015,985 72,510,542 193,038,476 213,245,821 244,905,415 666,289,369 7,425,825,217
Salaries and wages..................... 1,586,268,656 9,342,167 3,103,803 8,714,694 16,396,073 30,422,948 58,991,593 50,702,628 52,333,629 117,502,107 1,238,759,014
Taxes paid................................... 318,150,036 1,964,909 1,166,774 2,689,827 4,302,065 6,926,143 12,869,057 10,632,853 10,323,869 21,522,265 245,752,274
Interest paid................................. 1,224,269,431 3,494,625 1,002,169 1,731,712 2,417,073 3,381,109 6,895,199 8,474,815 11,710,569 48,010,138 1,137,152,020
Depreciation................................ 552,820,948 1,986,320 1,446,096 2,650,532 3,446,940 5,438,385 9,751,529 8,590,291 8,780,380 24,454,335 486,276,141
Net income (less deficit).............. 788,416,391 -18,618,635 -4,948,454 -4,463,713 -4,870,710 -4,374,969 -6,336,624 -980,895 964,384 30,140,109 801,905,897
Net income.................................. 1,136,792,550 8,982,412 2,073,206 4,236,412 4,316,944 6,343,904 11,907,151 14,002,234 19,164,422 78,191,379 987,574,486
Deficit.......................................... 348,376,159 27,601,047 7,021,660 8,700,125 9,187,653 10,718,873 18,243,775 14,983,129 18,200,038 48,051,270 185,668,589
S Corporations
Number of businesses................. 2,860,478 746,892 470,499 493,268 386,814 319,392 232,090 100,923 53,112 49,190 8,298
Total receipts............................... 3,617,477,105 9,577,946 29,512,882 83,691,635 140,950,200 225,945,249 357,985,369 354,366,903 371,982,227 1,008,431,626 1,035,033,069
Business receipts........................ 3,557,650,166 3,294,413 27,792,650 81,755,325 138,217,954 223,262,619 352,720,721 349,287,445 366,511,167 993,650,369 1,021,157,503
Total business deductions........... 3,477,031,750 17,272,243 27,460,061 76,704,458 131,857,936 212,858,849 338,983,132 338,461,871 356,412,711 971,945,348 1,005,075,141
Costs of goods sold..................... 2,264,680,905 852,142 5,631,282 21,545,978 47,987,707 88,455,773 180,467,725 197,816,835 225,821,848 708,327,526 787,774,088
Salaries and wages..................... 371,543,914 2,363,670 2,443,228 10,349,765 20,840,148 34,510,564 48,337,956 43,796,801 41,964,365 91,720,484 75,216,934
Taxes paid................................... 71,917,080 799,030 1,000,035 2,760,765 4,560,864 7,111,930 9,464,563 7,865,624 7,455,805 16,856,841 14,041,623
Interest paid................................. 47,409,313 1,123,857 847,608 1,642,389 2,184,211 3,435,059 4,759,177 4,431,649 5,070,252 12,075,487 11,839,624
Depreciation................................ 61,551,752 1,229,691 1,346,026 2,533,105 3,652,555 5,284,997 6,992,492 6,113,254 6,376,774 14,206,999 13,815,858
Total net income (less deficit)...... 198,535,888 8,775,022 3,817,753 8,027,680 10,860,618 15,202,297 22,935,264 20,647,912 19,041,327 47,388,578 41,839,438
Net income.................................. 254,216,205 23,801,713 7,425,853 12,376,771 15,460,973 19,841,515 28,301,095 24,733,884 22,512,654 53,471,610 46,290,137
Deficit.......................................... 55,680,317 15,026,691 3,608,100 4,349,091 4,600,355 4,639,219 5,365,832 4,085,972 3,471,328 6,083,031 4,450,699
Partnerships
Number of businesses....................... 2,057,500 1,105,074 370,358 225,771 127,043 92,392 71,489 29,579 16,277 14,907 4,610
Total receipts ( ³ ).............................. 2,218,639,870 30,495,031 10,392,827 24,480,295 34,710,820 56,037,004 99,920,879 95,923,270 103,605,325 291,579,200 1,471,495,219
Business receipts.............................. 2,061,764,235 1,540,837 9,331,909 22,887,427 32,926,025 53,523,939 94,996,978 90,872,562 97,441,501 269,394,972 1,388,848,085
Total business deductions................. 2,099,471,504 46,629,590 12,896,766 25,086,596 33,393,537 51,552,439 93,386,157 90,925,380 98,039,798 275,222,986 1,372,338,256
Costs of goods sold........................... 1,225,628,897 1,097,008 2,188,370 7,655,273 11,683,062 19,332,549 38,313,145 43,226,319 49,228,313 146,672,108 906,232,751
Salaries and wages........................... 201,350,844 5,247,107 1,102,352 2,645,448 4,793,832 8,426,283 14,917,390 12,940,994 13,485,353 32,600,848 105,191,239
Taxes paid......................................... 31,145,304 626,327 306,887 593,011 845,209 1,212,790 2,252,245 1,757,577 1,913,773 4,180,375 17,457,111
Interest paid....................................... 92,751,748 3,088,369 652,403 1,079,794 1,071,594 1,741,748 3,469,457 2,814,473 3,387,853 11,271,315 64,174,743
Depreciation...................................... 58,912,624 3,317,587 816,377 1,094,159 1,076,331 1,655,762 3,216,287 3,037,116 3,166,059 8,863,705 32,669,241
Net income (less deficit).................... 268,990,758 -22,936,889 3,454,060 9,692,339 10,380,367 13,569,499 18,119,607 14,565,822 16,609,437 45,006,046 160,530,472
Net income........................................ 409,972,787 25,584,756 11,862,617 16,704,693 16,644,791 19,150,083 26,570,557 21,352,290 24,272,086 63,183,837 184,647,077
Deficit................................................ 140,982,029 48,521,645 8,408,557 7,012,354 6,264,424 5,580,584 8,450,950 6,786,469 7,662,649 18,177,791 24,116,605
Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships
Number of businesses....................... 17,904,731 11,998,684 3,891,446 1,276,675 456,691 189,524 72,294 14,035 3,563 1,574 244
Total receipts..................................... 1,020,957,283 82,174,294 197,262,101 196,827,391 157,774,417 126,299,885 105,674,492 47,358,440 23,578,673 29,505,610 54,501,979
Business receipts.............................. 1,020,957,283 82,174,294 197,262,101 196,827,391 157,774,417 126,299,885 105,674,492 47,358,440 23,578,673 29,505,610 54,501,979
Total business deductions................. 806,386,102 64,532,642 129,986,638 142,418,824 122,722,543 103,574,949 94,815,994 44,170,609 21,974,300 28,102,611 54,086,991
Costs of goods sold........................... 387,381,087 8,377,501 31,998,769 52,412,390 55,881,671 54,588,967 62,764,424 32,933,006 16,334,270 23,292,650 48,797,440
Salaries and wages........................... 92,764,170 996,577 7,710,337 19,265,405 22,371,597 18,775,981 13,420,572 4,907,062 2,255,274 1,419,242 1,642,124
Taxes paid......................................... 13,955,915 743,338 1,945,115 3,336,441 3,035,710 2,367,197 1,582,130 534,035 216,438 151,758 43,753
Interest paid....................................... 12,232,846 1,344,090 2,370,625 2,818,807 2,065,066 1,497,339 1,105,402 452,717 266,735 272,985 39,080
Depreciation...................................... 32,821,780 5,374,333 9,054,396 7,600,851 4,583,169 3,114,425 1,893,518 642,178 303,995 219,488 35,427
Net income (less deficit).................... 214,715,298 17,733,133 67,255,051 54,417,536 35,060,523 22,720,485 10,867,452 3,190,633 1,644,159 1,406,447 419,879
Net income........................................ 245,230,626 36,327,313 72,074,800 57,151,272 36,450,185 23,610,206 11,835,892 3,531,808 1,918,207 1,794,336 536,607
Deficit................................................ 30,515,328 18,594,179 4,819,749 2,733,736 1,389,663 889,721 968,440 341,174 274,048 387,889 116,729
1
Total Corporation "Net income (less deficit)" includes "Total net income (less deficit)" from S Corporations and is more comprehensive than what SOI generally publishes.
2
For this table, the computations for C Corporations also include 1120-RIC and 1120-REIT returns.
3
For consistency purposes of this publication, what SOI normally publishes as Partnership "Total income" is labeled as "Total receipts."
NOTE: Detail may not add to total because of rounding.
All industries
Form of business, item
- 33 -
AN ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND ACTIVITY FROM TAX DATA
Table 2D.--Number of Businesses, Business Receipts, Net Income, Deficit, and Other Selected Items,
by Form of Business, Industry, and Business Receipt Size, Tax Year 2001
[All figures are estimates based on samples--money amounts are in thousands of dollars]
Under $25,000 $100,000 $250,000 $500,000 $1,000,000 $2,500,000 $5,000,000 $10,000,000 $50,000,000
Total $25,000 under under under under under under under under or
$100,000 $250,000 $500,000 $1,000,000 $2,500,000 $5,000,000 $10,000,000 $50,000,000 more
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
All Businesses
Number of businesses............................. 25,605,897 14,723,359 5,098,349 2,430,206 1,251,739 902,086 660,467 253,212 135,936 119,490 31,054
Total receipts........................................... 23,752,254,089 155,030,082 262,947,981 379,486,354 440,619,886 633,667,554 1,022,436,632 886,318,474 950,524,043 2,458,059,014 16,563,164,070
Business receipts..................................... 20,799,323,834 92,938,069 256,574,208 369,920,033 427,758,387 617,312,718 995,886,086 855,124,273 904,232,340 2,276,128,145 14,003,449,576
Total business deductions....................... 22,830,860,232 190,442,838 198,314,117 319,436,008 402,547,429 598,204,439 995,149,387 864,930,664 927,849,625 2,377,854,832 15,956,130,892
Costs of goods sold................................. 12,743,003,300 14,128,405 43,283,117 93,869,907 144,764,697 243,022,579 481,365,303 479,919,667 534,659,586 1,516,622,647 9,191,367,393
Salaries and wages................................. 2,291,598,628 17,028,803 13,875,078 40,658,938 61,816,869 99,864,817 147,622,542 112,150,757 116,305,869 246,366,804 1,435,908,151
Taxes paid............................................... 441,299,097 4,133,318 4,204,103 9,495,149 12,490,157 18,518,100 28,184,526 21,309,786 20,252,822 43,492,401 279,218,736
Interest paid............................................. 1,312,833,856 9,278,832 4,650,049 7,259,948 10,991,405 10,156,970 16,900,300 15,222,860 19,437,678 65,808,414 1,153,127,400
Depreciation............................................ 756,298,215 14,083,334 12,667,160 14,530,796 13,143,511 16,192,247 24,259,084 18,819,327 20,012,177 52,241,879 570,348,699
Net income (less deficit).......................... 1,142,478,028 -32,154,371 72,739,997 73,153,340 48,445,392 48,128,875 43,051,010 34,130,677 36,657,969 109,446,591 708,878,551
Net income.............................................. 1,851,745,212 90,989,291 96,276,474 96,036,319 71,257,796 72,636,715 81,092,988 62,065,111 67,068,196 185,195,531 1,029,126,790
Deficit....................................................... 709,267,183 123,143,662 23,536,477 22,882,980 22,812,404 24,507,840 38,041,979 27,934,434 30,410,227 75,748,942 320,248,239
Corporations
Number of businesses............................. 5,135,591 1,248,183 780,365 877,052 672,623 601,468 507,184 207,320 114,073 101,459 25,862
Total receipts........................................... 20,272,957,624 40,603,449 51,621,782 152,408,375 252,126,775 438,077,167 803,504,379 739,037,691 811,555,585 2,109,015,526 14,875,006,896
Business receipts..................................... 17,504,288,630 5,727,667 46,329,927 144,783,542 240,759,596 425,848,994 783,400,650 713,185,544 772,832,567 1,950,715,950 12,420,704,193
Total business deductions....................... 19,682,982,949 69,345,468 53,946,305 148,664,968 247,239,076 428,837,176 793,247,679 727,151,404 796,928,855 2,046,619,455 14,371,002,562
Costs of goods sold................................. 11,041,533,030 2,134,165 9,715,098 36,508,299 79,464,316 164,487,891 377,389,929 403,360,800 464,892,716 1,333,242,273 8,170,337,542
Salaries and wages................................. 1,968,876,180 10,937,615 5,213,590 19,382,112 36,361,955 69,522,956 116,513,857 92,848,299 98,927,784 207,820,456 1,311,347,555
Taxes paid............................................... 392,458,475 2,695,707 2,034,139 5,688,754 8,641,548 14,546,169 23,912,089 18,763,889 17,916,074 38,359,556 259,900,550
Interest paid............................................. 1,203,045,923 4,947,715 1,698,230 3,486,000 7,659,276 6,464,068 12,241,981 11,902,286 15,846,420 54,540,349 1,084,259,599
Depreciation............................................ 649,988,724 3,763,369 2,821,601 5,374,174 7,018,765 10,853,042 18,307,972 15,175,483 16,363,442 41,297,611 529,013,264
Net income (less deficit)( ¹ )..................... 648,758,089 -15,097,850 -946,419 6,110,042 5,214,678 11,034,908 12,408,237 12,621,740 15,549,982 59,181,921 542,680,851
Net income.............................................. 1,155,497,718 28,574,988 9,333,558 18,836,306 18,976,139 27,328,387 39,599,276 33,587,594 38,092,569 114,991,883 826,177,019
Deficit....................................................... 506,739,630 43,672,838 10,279,977 12,726,264 13,761,461 16,293,480 27,191,040 20,965,856 22,542,586 55,809,962 283,496,168
C Corporations (
2
)
Number of businesses....................... 2,149,104 477,423 300,465 340,776 279,879 260,923 253,822 108,022 57,992 52,640 17,161
Total receipts..................................... 16,511,445,274 31,246,155 21,138,778 61,060,755 105,672,345 191,922,913 408,903,899 388,441,383 415,663,220 1,099,814,334 13,787,581,492
Business receipts............................... 13,813,168,479 2,414,666 17,357,351 56,247,962 99,594,626 183,697,650 394,141,225 367,473,891 382,559,183 958,255,611 11,351,426,314
Total business deductions................. 16,065,395,745 51,511,983 25,211,836 65,720,846 109,888,682 197,359,217 418,305,708 391,768,298 416,232,725 1,072,411,693 13,316,984,757
Costs of goods sold........................... 8,722,914,095 1,292,341 3,817,796 14,884,554 33,021,754 70,425,847 184,491,593 207,667,832 227,827,051 629,382,466 7,350,102,862
Salaries and wages........................... 1,576,363,400 8,503,556 2,682,308 8,651,822 15,991,526 30,802,892 61,529,306 48,181,418 53,273,084 115,378,756 1,231,368,733
Taxes paid......................................... 315,490,007 1,959,517 1,065,093 2,613,043 4,012,741 7,031,135 13,152,493 10,633,888 9,640,249 21,175,044 244,206,804
Interest paid....................................... 1,153,625,573 3,686,169 962,677 1,788,174 2,227,109 3,240,018 7,056,850 7,373,097 10,943,818 42,881,468 1,073,466,195
Depreciation...................................... 582,949,925 2,393,952 1,362,498 2,649,728 3,334,638 5,497,908 10,080,018 8,787,945 9,202,533 25,749,766 513,890,939
Net income (less deficit).................... 461,071,172 -20,142,319 -4,100,916 -4,689,731 -4,255,188 -5,489,860 -9,743,971 -4,334,505 -2,809,559 16,151,549 500,485,672
Net income........................................ 906,633,872 7,232,399 2,185,230 3,520,436 4,163,942 5,668,182 10,826,052 11,892,197 15,939,651 65,194,122 780,011,662
Deficit................................................. 445,562,701 27,374,718 6,286,146 8,210,166 8,419,130 11,158,043 20,570,024 16,226,703 18,749,209 49,042,573 279,525,990
S Corporations
Number of businesses....................... 2,986,486 770,761 479,900 536,276 392,744 340,545 253,362 99,298 56,081 48,819 8,702
Total receipts..................................... 3,761,512,350 9,357,294 30,483,003 91,347,620 146,454,430 246,154,254 394,600,480 350,596,307 395,892,365 1,009,201,192 1,087,425,404
Business receipts............................... 3,691,120,151 3,313,001 28,972,577 88,535,580 141,164,970 242,151,344 389,259,425 345,711,653 390,273,385 992,460,339 1,069,277,878
Total business deductions................. 3,617,587,204 17,833,486 28,734,468 82,944,122 137,350,394 231,477,959 374,941,971 335,383,106 380,696,130 974,207,762 1,054,017,805
Costs of goods sold........................... 2,318,618,934 841,824 5,897,302 21,623,745 46,442,562 94,062,045 192,898,336 195,692,968 237,065,665 703,859,807 820,234,680
Salaries and wages........................... 392,512,780 2,434,060 2,531,282 10,730,291 20,370,429 38,720,064 54,984,552 44,666,881 45,654,700 92,441,700 79,978,822
Taxes paid......................................... 76,968,469 736,190 969,046 3,075,711 4,628,807 7,515,034 10,759,596 8,130,001 8,275,825 17,184,512 15,693,746
Interest paid....................................... 49,420,350 1,261,547 735,553 1,697,826 5,432,167 3,224,050 5,185,131 4,529,189 4,902,602 11,658,881 10,793,404
Depreciation...................................... 67,038,798 1,369,417 1,459,103 2,724,446 3,684,128 5,355,134 8,227,954 6,387,537 7,160,909 15,547,845 15,122,326
Total net income (less deficit)........... 187,686,917 5,044,469 3,154,497 10,799,773 9,469,866 16,524,768 22,152,208 16,956,245 18,359,541 43,030,372 42,195,179
Net income........................................ 248,863,846 21,342,589 7,148,328 15,315,870 14,812,197 21,660,205 28,773,224 21,695,397 22,152,918 49,797,761 46,165,357
Deficit................................................. 61,176,929 16,298,120 3,993,831 4,516,098 5,342,331 5,135,437 6,621,016 4,739,153 3,793,377 6,767,389 3,970,178
Partnerships
Number of businesses............................. 2,132,117 1,129,884 374,726 233,896 139,446 102,800 79,883 31,848 18,140 16,487 5,008
Total receipts ( ³ )..................................... 2,462,461,787 28,815,937 10,648,113 25,747,293 37,301,575 62,400,182 112,183,539 100,130,199 114,951,657 320,565,219 1,649,718,073
Business receipts..................................... 2,278,200,526 1,599,705 9,566,195 23,805,805 35,807,255 58,273,519 105,736,722 94,788,144 107,382,972 296,933,926 1,544,306,283
Total business deductions....................... 2,348,244,173 52,810,087 13,509,164 26,447,813 36,660,536 59,208,339 106,335,531 93,654,952 108,247,118 303,999,426 1,547,371,206
Costs of goods sold................................. 1,338,114,656 3,740,224 2,607,519 7,446,858 12,475,154 21,292,438 42,084,213 44,492,498 52,953,906 161,626,452 989,395,395
Salaries and wages................................. 230,874,139 5,011,512 1,004,782 2,994,508 4,825,441 9,561,577 17,220,066 14,518,171 15,170,777 36,699,909 123,867,396
Taxes paid............................................... 34,626,540 599,935 264,984 629,768 862,046 1,435,189 2,594,931 1,975,419 2,077,813 4,945,384 19,241,071
Interest paid............................................. 97,278,387 2,959,271 583,777 932,689 1,293,904 2,045,903 3,583,656 2,865,083 3,321,768 10,875,521 68,816,815
Depreciation............................................ 72,199,421 4,449,111 913,472 1,152,786 1,504,063 1,946,712 3,998,698 2,954,239 3,333,797 10,664,982 41,281,560
Net income (less deficit).......................... 276,334,824 -34,468,487 3,925,840 9,981,423 10,685,674 14,010,936 19,437,946 18,480,371 19,729,201 49,036,703 165,515,219
Net income.............................................. 446,069,172 25,099,386 12,176,465 17,595,165 18,198,510 20,957,296 29,371,661 24,929,440 27,279,776 68,494,229 201,967,243
Deficit....................................................... 169,734,347 59,567,873 8,250,625 7,613,742 7,512,836 6,946,360 9,933,716 6,449,069 7,550,575 19,457,527 36,452,025
Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships
Number of businesses............................. 18,338,190 12,345,292 3,943,258 1,319,258 439,670 197,818 73,400 14,044 3,723 1,544 184
Total receipts........................................... 1,016,834,678 85,610,697 200,678,086 201,330,686 151,191,536 133,190,205 106,748,714 47,150,585 24,016,801 28,478,269 38,439,100
Business receipts..................................... 1,016,834,678 85,610,697 200,678,086 201,330,686 151,191,536 133,190,205 106,748,714 47,150,585 24,016,801 28,478,269 38,439,100
Total business deductions....................... 799,633,110 68,287,283 130,858,648 144,323,227 118,647,817 110,158,924 95,566,177 44,124,308 22,673,652 27,235,951 37,757,124
Costs of goods sold................................. 363,355,614 8,254,016 30,960,500 49,914,750 52,825,227 57,242,250 61,891,161 32,066,369 16,812,964 21,753,922 31,634,456
Salaries and wages................................. 91,848,309 1,079,675 7,656,706 18,282,317 20,629,472 20,780,285 13,888,619 4,784,287 2,207,308 1,846,440 693,200
Taxes paid............................................... 14,214,082 837,676 1,904,980 3,176,627 2,986,563 2,536,742 1,677,506 570,478 258,935 187,461 77,115
Interest paid............................................. 12,509,547 1,371,846 2,368,042 2,841,259 2,038,225 1,646,999 1,074,663 455,491 269,490 392,543 50,987
Depreciation............................................ 34,110,071 5,870,855 8,932,086 8,003,836 4,620,683 3,392,492 1,952,414 689,606 314,939 279,286 53,874
Net income (less deficit).......................... 217,385,116 17,411,966 69,760,576 57,061,874 32,545,040 23,083,032 11,204,827 3,028,567 1,378,785 1,227,966 682,482
Net income.............................................. 250,178,322 37,314,917 74,766,451 59,604,848 34,083,147 24,351,032 12,122,051 3,548,076 1,695,851 1,709,419 982,528
Deficit....................................................... 32,793,206 19,902,951 5,005,874 2,542,974 1,538,107 1,268,000 917,224 519,510 317,066 481,453 300,047
1
Total Corporation "Net income (less deficit)" includes "Total net income (less deficit)" from S Corporations and is more comprehensive than what SOI generally publishes.
2
For this table, the computations for C Corporations also include 1120-RIC and 1120-REIT returns.
3
For consistency purposes of this publication, what SOI normally publishes as Partnership "Total income" is labeled as "Total receipts."
NOTE: Detail may not add to total because of rounding.
All industries
Form of business, item
- 34 -
PETSKA, PARISI, LUTTRELL, DAVITIAN, AND SCOFFIC
Table 2E.--Number of Businesses, Business Receipts, Net Income, Deficit, and Other Selected Items,
by Form of Business, Industry, and Business Receipt Size, Tax Year 2002
[All figures are estimates based on samples--money amounts are in thousands of dollars]
Under $25,000 $100,000 $250,000 $500,000 $1,000,000 $2,500,000 $5,000,000 $10,000,000 $50,000,000
Total $25,000 under under under under under under under under or
$100,000 $250,000 $500,000 $1,000,000 $2,500,000 $5,000,000 $10,000,000 $50,000,000 more
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
All Businesses
Number of businesses............................. 26,434,293 15,202,645 5,318,640 2,484,778 1,294,887 918,926 668,699 256,345 137,587 120,986 30,803
Total receipts........................................... 23,361,178,481 158,287,542 273,216,155 384,486,871 451,453,173 643,349,197 1,035,489,736 895,421,534 952,525,155 2,486,021,062 16,080,928,056
Business receipts..................................... 20,741,003,999 94,623,867 266,112,890 375,700,789 442,258,534 628,537,583 1,011,167,258 865,492,105 908,346,592 2,311,588,821 13,837,175,560
Total business deductions....................... 22,463,630,938 189,439,969 208,087,137 324,116,768 411,662,071 608,173,280 1,005,173,751 873,716,273 926,726,567 2,394,360,316 15,522,174,806
Costs of goods sold................................. 12,389,402,643 11,137,601 43,445,479 95,473,645 146,955,332 244,083,483 485,274,766 471,758,737 538,458,939 1,514,356,816 8,838,457,844
Salaries and wages................................. 2,322,634,367 15,183,200 14,222,424 40,570,935 63,612,940 102,579,295 149,773,658 118,758,217 116,327,416 255,606,688 1,445,999,594
Taxes paid............................................... 447,889,738 4,176,027 4,660,884 9,435,166 12,954,735 19,035,887 28,592,443 22,233,837 20,739,552 44,355,212 281,705,995
Interest paid............................................. 992,318,790 8,266,714 4,559,313 6,551,377 6,862,157 8,957,269 14,281,321 12,851,625 16,684,192 51,823,571 861,481,252
Depreciation............................................ 831,111,969 14,167,232 14,332,408 16,109,773 14,246,100 18,581,791 26,880,034 20,741,549 22,135,501 55,554,641 628,362,940
Net income (less deficit).......................... 1,088,304,478 -35,207,003 71,225,703 73,497,961 51,123,474 48,206,107 44,135,280 32,541,039 38,735,299 117,160,769 646,885,849
Net income.............................................. 1,781,234,412 89,088,110 98,555,316 95,831,974 74,766,223 72,468,090 78,540,264 58,353,005 67,387,065 185,433,067 960,811,300
Deficit....................................................... 692,929,934 124,295,113 27,329,613 22,334,013 23,642,748 24,261,983 34,404,983 25,811,966 28,651,765 68,272,298 313,925,451
Corporations
Number of businesses............................. 5,266,607 1,282,449 828,658 893,875 688,785 610,715 510,424 209,942 114,539 101,777 25,443
Total receipts........................................... 19,749,426,052 38,458,278 53,727,669 153,639,962 253,596,745 442,377,560 808,490,681 743,724,722 805,258,852 2,108,934,069 14,341,217,514
Business receipts..................................... 17,297,125,146 5,730,889 48,777,161 146,591,152 246,224,279 431,617,409 789,209,655 718,536,156 767,997,903 1,958,909,658 12,183,530,885
Total business deductions....................... 19,198,882,117 66,039,533 56,592,652 149,698,092 250,581,925 432,390,571 795,994,369 731,819,176 786,788,633 2,038,781,145 13,890,196,023
Costs of goods sold................................. 10,607,404,004 1,866,005 10,168,249 38,006,411 80,144,537 163,208,766 378,171,863 396,440,900 462,415,265 1,318,982,261 7,757,999,748
Salaries and wages................................. 1,988,294,948 8,693,151 5,094,139 18,427,070 36,679,649 70,784,527 116,934,179 97,510,821 98,428,756 213,033,121 1,322,709,535
Taxes paid............................................... 396,571,738 2,556,149 2,240,508 5,591,856 8,866,155 14,823,779 23,978,465 19,500,665 18,193,816 38,864,217 261,956,129
Interest paid............................................. 912,751,562 4,417,226 1,645,291 3,009,756 3,993,239 5,850,328 9,987,556 9,754,194 13,059,364 42,625,382 818,409,225
Depreciation............................................ 710,881,312 3,470,361 3,589,714 6,151,023 7,653,132 12,144,892 20,047,986 16,569,681 17,684,046 44,082,666 579,487,809
Net income (less deficit)( ¹ )..................... 596,524,023 -16,618,912 -1,956,564 4,819,272 3,749,595 11,469,724 13,713,879 12,678,754 17,945,354 65,391,437 485,331,483
Net income.............................................. 1,084,179,817 24,970,657 8,758,595 16,866,762 19,031,190 27,054,800 37,818,772 31,910,085 37,999,291 115,118,704 764,650,961
Deficit....................................................... 487,655,794 41,589,569 10,715,159 12,047,490 15,281,595 15,585,076 24,104,893 19,231,331 20,053,936 49,727,266 279,319,478
C Corporations (
2
)
Number of businesses....................... 2,112,230 472,469 304,702 336,437 276,819 250,744 240,579 105,620 57,831 50,702 16,326
Total receipts..................................... 15,838,499,350 28,504,846 20,731,910 59,710,978 104,169,660 184,240,237 388,704,542 376,515,006 410,275,152 1,062,957,229 13,202,689,791
Business receipts............................... 13,455,844,040 2,257,712 17,418,221 54,866,994 98,925,788 176,587,421 375,382,257 356,654,979 378,923,647 930,333,430 11,064,493,590
Total business deductions................. 15,439,803,663 47,818,120 24,943,962 63,845,753 110,153,988 189,373,466 395,508,821 378,798,010 408,300,820 1,030,741,791 12,790,318,932
Costs of goods sold........................... 8,220,579,884 803,602 3,896,827 14,480,167 33,921,090 66,012,464 174,303,365 195,474,791 224,588,717 594,582,839 6,912,516,022
Salaries and wages........................... 1,569,301,518 5,933,543 2,429,179 8,162,958 15,284,537 28,793,483 57,740,829 49,186,789 51,594,471 117,410,926 1,232,764,802
Taxes paid......................................... 315,744,047 1,758,778 1,086,518 2,565,602 4,081,924 6,743,821 12,507,701 10,563,613 9,789,494 21,302,098 245,344,498
Interest paid....................................... 873,968,319 3,391,045 871,385 1,495,425 1,882,783 2,820,419 5,435,940 5,922,761 8,689,533 33,453,167 810,005,862
Depreciation...................................... 632,581,809 2,067,413 1,465,393 2,727,110 3,479,247 5,629,286 10,264,171 8,834,280 9,725,392 26,535,600 561,853,917
Net income (less deficit).................... 413,045,090 -19,148,033 -4,218,962 -4,172,025 -5,995,410 -5,195,853 -7,110,483 -3,334,615 -246,489 21,853,336 440,613,623
Net income........................................ 837,646,190 7,054,427 1,886,041 3,193,915 3,823,261 5,067,070 9,695,354 10,729,547 15,707,804 64,559,522 715,929,248
Deficit................................................. 424,601,100 26,202,460 6,105,003 7,365,940 9,818,671 10,262,923 16,805,837 14,064,162 15,954,293 42,706,185 275,315,625
S Corporations
Number of businesses....................... 3,154,377 809,980 523,956 557,438 411,966 359,971 269,845 104,321 56,708 51,075 9,117
Total receipts..................................... 3,910,926,701 9,953,432 32,995,759 93,928,985 149,427,085 258,137,323 419,786,138 367,209,716 394,983,700 1,045,976,840 1,138,527,723
Business receipts............................... 3,841,281,106 3,473,177 31,358,940 91,724,158 147,298,491 255,029,988 413,827,398 361,881,176 389,074,256 1,028,576,228 1,119,037,294
Total business deductions................. 3,759,078,454 18,221,412 31,648,689 85,852,338 140,427,937 243,017,105 400,485,548 353,021,166 378,487,813 1,008,039,354 1,099,877,091
Costs of goods sold........................... 2,386,824,120 1,062,403 6,271,423 23,526,244 46,223,446 97,196,302 203,868,497 200,966,108 237,826,549 724,399,421 845,483,726
Salaries and wages........................... 418,993,431 2,759,608 2,664,960 10,264,112 21,395,112 41,991,045 59,193,350 48,324,031 46,834,285 95,622,195 89,944,733
Taxes paid......................................... 80,827,691 797,371 1,153,991 3,026,254 4,784,231 8,079,958 11,470,764 8,937,052 8,404,321 17,562,118 16,611,631
Interest paid....................................... 38,783,242 1,026,182 773,906 1,514,331 2,110,456 3,029,909 4,551,617 3,831,433 4,369,831 9,172,215 8,403,363
Depreciation...................................... 78,299,503 1,402,949 2,124,321 3,423,912 4,173,886 6,515,606 9,783,815 7,735,401 7,958,655 17,547,066 17,633,892
Total net income (less deficit)........... 183,478,933 2,529,121 2,262,398 8,991,297 9,745,005 16,665,577 20,824,362 16,013,369 18,191,843 43,538,101 44,717,860
Net income........................................ 246,533,627 17,916,230 6,872,554 13,672,847 15,207,929 21,987,730 28,123,418 21,180,538 22,291,487 50,559,182 48,721,713
Deficit................................................. 63,054,694 15,387,109 4,610,156 4,681,550 5,462,924 5,322,153 7,299,056 5,167,169 4,099,643 7,021,081 4,003,853
Partnerships
Number of businesses............................. 2,242,169 1,203,722 380,403 248,533 145,261 104,958 83,998 33,201 19,198 17,709 5,187
Total receipts ( ³ )..................................... 2,582,060,669 32,608,125 11,849,604 26,249,643 40,107,371 62,897,320 119,181,641 106,969,882 121,553,349 349,431,600 1,711,212,135
Business receipts..................................... 2,414,187,093 1,671,840 9,696,847 24,512,371 38,285,197 58,845,858 114,140,189 102,229,020 114,635,734 325,023,769 1,625,146,268
Total business deductions....................... 2,455,848,170 52,328,995 15,327,948 26,632,418 39,142,651 60,916,260 113,086,856 100,022,075 115,461,191 328,925,224 1,604,004,552
Costs of goods sold................................. 1,430,213,629 1,044,041 3,038,499 7,297,974 14,069,028 21,850,701 46,860,712 45,415,503 57,893,441 174,520,652 1,058,223,077
Salaries and wages................................. 237,882,426 5,511,544 1,204,394 2,882,053 5,336,723 9,524,195 18,391,405 16,538,950 15,568,867 40,555,992 122,368,302
Taxes paid............................................... 36,416,569 804,394 290,282 596,450 1,028,306 1,498,228 2,833,426 2,203,244 2,237,581 5,277,974 19,646,683
Interest paid............................................. 68,127,690 2,634,518 534,193 921,697 967,774 1,696,230 3,251,528 2,729,310 3,371,115 9,007,515 43,013,810
Depreciation............................................ 82,897,056 4,281,378 1,053,369 1,511,670 1,646,264 2,471,460 4,487,239 3,447,065 4,091,014 11,140,872 48,766,726
Net income (less deficit).......................... 270,667,169 -34,946,815 1,702,237 11,861,270 11,562,945 13,504,407 18,671,768 16,999,756 19,531,172 50,750,365 161,030,063
Net income.............................................. 439,761,741 25,759,194 12,511,429 19,073,137 18,106,027 20,842,847 27,979,207 23,157,217 27,789,869 68,981,239 195,561,575
Deficit....................................................... 169,094,572 60,706,009 10,809,192 7,211,867 6,543,082 7,338,440 9,307,438 6,157,461 8,258,697 18,230,874 34,531,512
Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships
Number of businesses............................. 18,925,517 12,716,473 4,109,579 1,342,370 460,841 203,253 74,277 13,202 3,849 1,499 173
Total receipts........................................... 1,029,691,760 87,221,139 207,638,883 204,597,266 157,749,058 138,074,317 107,817,414 44,726,930 25,712,955 27,655,393 28,498,407
Business receipts..................................... 1,029,691,760 87,221,139 207,638,883 204,597,266 157,749,058 138,074,317 107,817,414 44,726,930 25,712,955 27,655,393 28,498,407
Total business deductions....................... 808,900,651 71,071,441 136,166,538 147,786,259 121,937,495 114,866,449 96,092,526 41,875,022 24,476,744 26,653,947 27,974,231
Costs of goods sold................................. 351,785,009 8,227,555 30,238,731 50,169,260 52,741,768 59,024,016 60,242,191 29,902,334 18,150,232 20,853,904 22,235,019
Salaries and wages................................. 96,456,993 978,505 7,923,891 19,261,812 21,596,568 22,270,573 14,448,073 4,708,446 2,329,792 2,017,575 921,757
Taxes paid............................................... 14,901,431 815,484 2,130,093 3,246,859 3,060,274 2,713,880 1,780,552 529,928 308,156 213,021 103,183
Interest paid............................................. 11,439,538 1,214,970 2,379,829 2,619,924 1,901,144 1,410,711 1,042,236 368,121 253,713 190,674 58,217
Depreciation............................................ 37,333,601 6,415,493 9,689,325 8,447,080 4,946,704 3,965,439 2,344,809 724,803 360,441 331,103 108,404
Net income (less deficit).......................... 221,113,286 16,358,724 71,480,030 56,817,419 35,810,934 23,231,976 11,749,632 2,862,529 1,258,773 1,018,966 524,303
Net income.............................................. 257,292,855 38,358,259 77,285,293 59,892,075 37,629,006 24,570,442 12,742,285 3,285,703 1,597,905 1,333,125 598,763
Deficit....................................................... 36,179,568 21,999,535 5,805,262 3,074,656 1,818,071 1,338,467 992,653 423,175 339,131 314,158 74,460
1
Total Corporation "Net income (less deficit)" includes "Total net income (less deficit)" from S Corporations and is more comprehensive than what SOI generally publishes.
2
For this table, the computations for C Corporations also include 1120-RIC and 1120-REIT returns.
3
For consistency purposes of this publication, what SOI normally publishes as Partnership "Total income" is labeled as "Total receipts."
NOTE: Detail may not add to total because of rounding.
All industries
Form of business, item
- 35 -
AN ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND ACTIVITY FROM TAX DATA
Table 3A.--Number of Businesses, Business Receipts, Net Income, and Deficit, by Form of Business and Industry,
Tax Year 1998
[All figures are estimates based on samples--money amounts are in thousands of dollars]
All Agriculture, Wholesale Transportation Finance and
Form of business, item industries forestry, fishing, Mining Utilities Construction Manufacturing and and Information insurance
and hunting retail trade warehousing
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)
All Businesses
Number of businesses............................ 24,113,045 539,643 179,941 17,662 2,920,802 706,002 3,813,207 969,101 335,332 1,026,302
Business receipts................................... 17,285,188,902 131,665,240 147,677,818 499,833,981 1,109,402,772 4,865,936,073 5,041,650,550 543,877,331 771,910,696 1,435,257,053
Net income (less deficit)......................... 1,284,131,818 3,143,718 6,394,789 33,386,649 65,318,955 268,147,759 117,285,087 24,421,428 31,289,380 367,427,885
Net income............................................. 1,668,091,253 12,483,647 19,331,265 42,448,390 80,156,917 331,010,906 158,707,639 33,697,693 89,056,619 411,027,844
Deficit..................................................... 383,959,435 9,339,929 12,936,476 9,061,740 14,837,964 62,863,149 41,422,552 9,276,265 57,767,239 43,599,957
Corporations
Number of businesses............................ 4,848,888 135,107 31,467 8,067 551,935 309,912 956,803 159,646 100,977 218,193
Business receipts................................... 15,010,264,802 100,398,430 116,905,970 450,830,225 859,139,558 4,591,071,027 4,516,670,915 469,626,605 667,610,273 1,285,017,559
Net income (less deficit)( ¹ ).................... 895,152,471 1,266,193 2,339,453 31,920,963 31,506,413 254,033,430 95,614,094 16,357,260 35,353,093 291,193,439
Net income............................................. 1,144,026,384 6,021,329 10,017,694 38,343,308 40,340,592 307,995,283 127,371,881 22,464,817 70,780,532 322,289,879
Deficit..................................................... 248,873,913 4,755,137 7,678,241 6,422,344 8,834,179 53,961,854 31,757,788 6,107,556 35,427,439 31,096,439
C Corporations (
2
)
Number of businesses...................... 2,260,801 65,689 15,988 5,943 246,404 163,295 472,031 78,341 44,895 115,309
Business receipts............................. 12,006,145,868 56,012,640 102,328,023 448,214,333 467,247,448 4,107,930,264 3,241,722,259 384,935,892 620,177,682 1,226,629,994
Net income (less deficit)................... 713,364,168 231,736 -76,819 31,407,088 10,249,297 218,465,519 57,410,132 12,794,920 29,887,900 279,336,463
Net income....................................... 920,053,474 2,787,619 7,018,179 37,725,338 15,321,252 267,572,313 82,152,207 17,336,221 62,927,184 307,951,720
Deficit............................................... 206,689,306 2,555,883 7,094,998 6,318,249 5,071,954 49,106,794 24,742,076 4,541,300 33,039,284 28,615,256
S Corporations
Number of businesses...................... 2,588,088 69,418 15,479 2,124 305,531 146,617 484,772 81,305 56,082 102,884
Business receipts............................. 3,004,118,934 44,385,790 14,577,947 2,615,892 391,892,110 483,140,763 1,274,948,656 84,690,713 47,432,591 58,387,565
Total net income (less deficit)........... 181,788,303 1,034,457 2,416,272 513,875 21,257,116 35,567,911 38,203,962 3,562,340 5,465,193 11,856,976
Net income....................................... 223,972,910 3,233,710 2,999,515 617,970 25,019,340 40,422,970 45,219,674 5,128,596 7,853,348 14,338,159
Deficit............................................... 42,184,607 2,199,254 583,243 104,095 3,762,225 4,855,060 7,015,712 1,566,256 2,388,155 2,481,183
Partnerships
Number of businesses............................ 1,855,348 115,614 29,098 2,448 125,823 34,836 130,288 19,193 21,900 209,150
Business receipts................................... 1,356,655,904 15,572,293 25,711,768 48,837,758 106,320,658 247,438,628 304,069,914 31,009,687 98,387,504 88,996,302
Net income (less deficit)......................... 186,704,627 500,178 4,201,775 1,398,864 7,808,640 10,237,101 5,722,617 1,505,717 -5,773,299 63,268,132
Net income............................................. 297,875,299 4,148,941 8,556,138 4,034,991 11,973,217 18,574,043 9,967,695 3,488,257 16,204,642 74,310,012
Deficit..................................................... 111,170,672 3,648,762 4,354,363 2,636,127 4,164,578 8,336,943 4,245,077 1,982,540 21,977,941 11,041,880
General (
3
)
Number of businesses...................... 1,015,678 90,796 11,181 340 69,173 18,619 88,078 9,791 12,961 113,083
Business receipts............................. 399,306,152 5,592,102 8,271,842 10,833,116 38,642,807 73,335,482 72,443,611 6,442,068 32,426,530 23,391,638
Net income (less deficit)................... 82,766,449 1,460,571 575,260 784,292 3,217,570 4,455,912 2,580,004 1,082,522 2,303,426 18,626,318
Net income....................................... 107,709,809 3,133,629 3,495,446 1,166,756 4,492,334 6,421,416 3,491,361 1,330,410 6,264,782 21,121,278
Deficit............................................... 24,943,359 1,673,058 2,920,186 382,464 1,274,764 1,965,504 911,357 247,888 3,961,356 2,494,961
Limited (
4
)
Number of businesses...................... 369,013 12,368 11,966 731 17,226 3,488 6,101 1,445 2,460 63,643
Business receipts............................. 534,248,684 4,684,558 10,448,278 21,525,717 28,525,870 85,139,650 134,538,787 10,149,777 50,911,219 40,964,184
Net income (less deficit)................... 79,328,818 -471,446 3,178,831 522,013 1,796,126 3,668,785 1,618,212 1,052,098 -3,686,482 35,132,990
Net income....................................... 131,493,455 574,188 3,825,546 2,449,036 3,550,642 6,826,390 2,936,466 1,603,172 8,634,336 39,657,223
Deficit............................................... 52,164,637 1,045,634 646,715 1,927,023 1,754,516 3,157,605 1,318,254 551,074 12,320,818 4,524,233
LLC
Number of businesses...................... 470,657 12,450 5,951 1,376 39,424 12,729 36,109 7,957 6,479 32,425
Business receipts............................. 423,101,069 5,295,633 6,991,649 16,478,925 39,151,981 88,963,496 97,087,516 14,417,841 15,049,755 24,640,479
Net income (less deficit)................... 24,609,360 -488,947 447,685 92,559 2,794,944 2,112,403 1,524,401 -628,903 -4,390,243 9,508,825
Net income....................................... 58,672,036 441,124 1,235,146 419,198 3,930,241 5,326,237 3,539,868 554,675 1,305,525 13,531,511
Deficit............................................... 34,062,676 930,070 787,461 326,639 1,135,297 3,213,834 2,015,466 1,183,578 5,695,767 4,022,686
Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships
Number of businesses............................ 17,408,809 288,922 119,376 7,147 2,243,044 361,254 2,726,116 790,262 212,455 598,959
Business receipts................................... 918,268,196 15,694,517 5,060,080 165,998 143,942,556 27,426,418 220,909,721 43,241,039 5,912,919 61,243,192
Net income (less deficit)......................... 202,274,720 1,377,347 -146,439 66,822 26,003,902 3,877,228 15,948,376 6,558,451 1,709,586 12,966,314
Net income............................................. 226,189,570 2,313,377 757,433 70,091 27,843,108 4,441,580 21,368,063 7,744,619 2,071,445 14,427,953
Deficit..................................................... 23,914,850 936,030 903,872 3,269 1,839,207 564,352 5,419,687 1,186,169 361,859 1,461,638
Footnotes at end of table.
- 36 -
PETSKA, PARISI, LUTTRELL, DAVITIAN, AND SCOFFIC
Table 3A.--Number of Businesses, Business Receipts, Net Income, and Deficit, by Form of Business and Industry,
Tax Year 1998--Continued
[All figures are estimates based on samples--money amounts are in thousands of dollars]
Administrative Religious,
Real estate Professional, Management and support Educational Health care Arts, Accommodation, Other grantmaking, Unclassified
Form of business, item and rental scientific, and of companies and waste services and social entertainment, food services, services civic, industries
and leasing technical (holding management assistance and recreation and drinking professional,
services companies) services places and similar
(11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21)
All Businesses
Number of businesses............................ 2,205,935 3,173,498 42,918 1,479,954 334,469 1,851,412 1,110,054 606,023 2,221,313 212,939 366,536
Business receipts................................... 260,368,200 796,236,596 92,627,484 320,982,170 27,931,863 497,570,878 102,238,841 407,944,777 220,892,768 2,607,373 8,576,438
Net income (less deficit)......................... 77,861,007 108,112,007 63,284,091 21,606,621 2,248,139 48,479,669 7,790,652 14,100,566 20,493,675 1,420,425 1,919,314
Net income............................................. 120,638,642 132,646,277 71,848,728 28,656,644 3,096,368 61,528,291 16,520,105 25,832,332 25,137,968 1,495,125 2,769,852
Deficit..................................................... 42,777,637 24,534,269 8,564,637 7,050,023 848,228 13,048,622 8,729,453 11,731,767 4,644,292 74,700 850,538
Corporations
Number of businesses............................ 521,917 623,784 30,931 200,449 36,959 307,258 92,966 245,334 300,313 N/A 16,870
Business receipts................................... 175,701,248 540,924,209 90,497,966 263,655,627 23,196,929 357,156,938 60,387,702 295,686,536 143,395,451 N/A 2,391,635
Net income (less deficit)( ¹ ).................... 20,032,614 23,825,752 57,992,086 11,319,256 952,453 4,703,934 2,665,760 8,708,478 5,570,156 N/A -202,357
Net income............................................. 31,165,308 42,062,770 62,833,377 16,412,398 1,447,682 14,339,113 5,929,494 15,734,084 8,127,748 N/A 349,095
Deficit..................................................... 11,132,696 18,237,017 4,841,291 5,093,142 495,228 9,635,179 3,263,735 7,025,607 2,557,591 N/A 551,452
C Corporations (
2
)
Number of businesses...................... 221,716 252,632 19,460 77,983 16,432 172,414 38,084 98,243 149,877 N/A 6,066
Business receipts............................. 120,932,399 361,250,574 87,283,096 170,634,628 12,899,509 278,203,449 35,087,417 197,416,935 86,169,085 N/A 1,070,241
Net income (less deficit)................... 4,871,421 3,531,659 55,306,953 3,180,597 285,851 -1,284,344 805,624 5,083,593 1,836,226 N/A 40,352
Net income....................................... 12,419,771 17,851,123 59,607,765 7,040,055 662,607 6,713,766 2,380,855 9,194,448 3,335,123 N/A 55,928
Deficit............................................... 7,548,352 14,319,463 4,300,812 3,859,458 376,756 7,998,110 1,575,232 4,110,856 1,498,897 N/A 15,576
S Corporations
Number of businesses...................... 300,201 371,152 11,471 122,466 20,527 134,844 54,882 147,091 150,437 N/A 10,804
Business receipts............................. 54,768,849 179,673,635 3,214,870 93,020,999 10,297,420 78,953,489 25,300,285 98,269,601 57,226,366 N/A 1,321,394
Total net income (less deficit)........... 15,161,193 20,294,093 2,685,133 8,138,659 666,602 5,988,278 1,860,136 3,624,885 3,733,930 N/A -242,709
Net income....................................... 18,745,537 24,211,647 3,225,612 9,372,343 785,075 7,625,347 3,548,639 6,539,636 4,792,625 N/A 293,167
Deficit............................................... 3,584,344 3,917,554 540,479 1,233,684 118,472 1,637,069 1,688,503 2,914,751 1,058,694 N/A 535,876
Partnerships
Number of businesses............................ 812,404 118,340 11,987 28,268 4,697 37,767 30,319 57,912 63,763 N/A 1,541
Business receipts................................... 41,348,441 147,764,823 2,129,518 22,840,826 1,073,235 59,773,854 22,156,807 78,969,307 14,128,213 N/A 126,369
Net income (less deficit)......................... 40,187,832 38,732,610 5,292,005 1,213,360 -14,143 7,913,211 26,492 3,374,509 1,070,062 N/A 38,964
Net income............................................. 70,435,470 42,440,066 9,015,351 2,111,820 116,846 10,456,934 3,412,404 6,946,094 1,637,607 N/A 44,771
Deficit..................................................... 30,247,638 3,707,456 3,723,346 898,460 130,989 2,543,723 3,385,911 3,571,585 567,545 N/A 5,807
General (
3
)
Number of businesses...................... 399,000 64,124 3,077 15,597 2,734 20,159 16,801 30,899 48,119 N/A 1,146
Business receipts............................. 8,109,819 62,707,752 461,622 4,048,364 252,245 17,966,586 6,222,789 21,371,210 6,763,109 N/A 23,458
Net income (less deficit)................... 18,616,998 20,162,890 598,743 522,565 26,699 4,681,131 753,217 1,406,109 881,286 N/A 30,936
Net income....................................... 23,920,224 20,814,456 2,017,696 594,321 32,590 5,000,999 1,531,706 1,833,514 1,010,766 N/A 36,125
Deficit............................................... 5,303,226 651,566 1,418,953 71,755 5,892 319,868 778,489 427,404 129,480 N/A 5,189
Limited (
4
)
Number of businesses...................... 212,838 12,630 3,944 1,214 98 4,995 2,889 8,588 2,015 N/A 375
Business receipts............................. 17,700,146 51,478,821 195,939 7,956,966 289,017 22,588,714 10,056,807 35,117,416 1,976,313 N/A 505
Net income (less deficit)................... 14,931,331 14,074,114 3,069,115 581,525 -10,432 1,973,743 -54,373 1,849,712 97,494 N/A 5,463
Net income....................................... 33,253,393 15,271,996 3,999,473 828,100 39,928 2,920,711 1,356,212 3,565,697 195,430 N/A 5,514
Deficit............................................... 18,322,062 1,197,882 930,358 246,576 50,361 946,968 1,410,585 1,715,985 97,935 N/A 51
LLC
Number of businesses...................... 200,566 41,587 4,966 11,457 1,864 12,613 10,629 18,425 13,629 N/A 20
Business receipts............................. 15,538,476 33,578,249 1,471,957 10,835,496 531,973 19,218,553 5,877,211 22,480,681 5,388,790 N/A 102,407
Net income (less deficit)................... 6,639,502 4,495,606 1,624,147 109,270 -30,410 1,258,336 -672,352 118,688 91,000 N/A 2,565
Net income....................................... 13,261,852 6,353,614 2,998,182 689,399 44,328 2,535,224 524,486 1,546,883 431,411 N/A 3,132
Deficit............................................... 6,622,350 1,858,008 1,374,035 580,129 74,737 1,276,887 1,196,837 1,428,195 340,129 N/A 567
Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships
Number of businesses............................ 871,614 2,431,374 N/A 1,251,237 292,813 1,506,387 986,769 302,777 1,857,237 212,939 348,125
Business receipts................................... 43,318,511 107,547,564 N/A 34,485,717 3,661,699 80,640,086 19,694,332 33,288,934 63,369,104 2,607,373 6,058,434
Net income (less deficit)......................... 17,640,561 45,553,645 N/A 9,074,005 1,309,829 35,862,524 5,098,400 2,017,579 13,853,457 1,420,425 2,082,707
Net income............................................. 19,037,864 48,143,441 N/A 10,132,426 1,531,840 36,732,244 7,178,207 3,152,154 15,372,613 1,495,125 2,375,986
Deficit..................................................... 1,397,303 2,589,796 N/A 1,058,421 222,011 869,720 2,079,807 1,134,575 1,519,156 74,700 293,279
N/A - not applicable.
1
Total Corporation "Net income (less deficit)" includes "Total net income (less deficit)" from S Corporations and is more comprehensive than what SOI generally publishes.
2
For this table, the computations for C Corporations also include 1120-RIC and 1120-REIT returns.
3
For Tax Year 1998 General Partnerships include partnerships listed on the tax return as General, Other and blank.
4
For Tax Year 1998 Limited Partnerships include Limited Partnerships and Limited Liability Partnerships.
NOTE: Detail may not add to total because of rounding.
- 37 -
AN ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND ACTIVITY FROM TAX DATA
Table 3B.--Number of Businesses, Business Receipts, Net Income, and Deficit, by Form of Business and Industry,
Tax Year 1999
[All figures are estimates based on samples--money amounts are in thousands of dollars]
All Agriculture, Wholesale Transportation Information Finance and
Form of business, item industries forestry, fishing, Mining Utilities Construction Manufacturing and and insurance
and hunting retail trade warehousing
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)
All Businesses
Number of businesses............................ 24,448,466 563,589 176,043 18,733 2,991,812 694,345 3,759,529 972,915 364,517 1,016,375
Business receipts.................................... 18,899,080,668 134,816,195 142,755,807 541,101,464 1,253,264,625 5,138,844,358 5,390,347,492 569,394,999 884,229,947 1,928,698,837
Net income (less deficit).......................... 1,421,748,414 4,963,514 6,843,334 40,915,599 73,542,134 272,261,935 121,558,071 20,354,248 38,286,294 463,708,734
Net income.............................................. 1,864,354,420 13,937,084 20,261,718 46,130,529 88,518,927 344,567,830 173,366,185 32,202,024 119,994,339 506,510,894
Deficit...................................................... 442,605,999 8,973,569 13,418,384 5,214,930 14,976,794 72,305,896 51,808,114 11,847,777 81,708,045 42,802,160
Corporations
Number of businesses............................ 4,935,904 141,678 30,849 7,044 580,302 297,714 948,371 160,195 107,628 217,780
Business receipts.................................... 16,313,971,385 104,645,084 109,685,715 478,836,511 973,521,174 4,801,823,220 4,789,438,632 485,223,550 760,824,421 1,740,167,487
Net income (less deficit)( ¹ ).................... 985,363,332 2,375,446 731,214 39,073,530 35,851,126 255,594,801 98,451,496 11,131,614 43,394,087 365,650,230
Net income.............................................. 1,282,481,471 6,614,998 9,280,430 42,368,292 45,139,310 318,701,505 139,309,819 19,385,091 97,518,412 397,080,911
Deficit...................................................... 297,118,133 4,239,551 8,549,216 3,294,762 9,288,185 63,106,705 40,858,323 8,253,478 54,124,325 31,430,681
C Corporations (
2
)
Number of businesses...................... 2,210,129 70,306 14,772 5,584 246,775 151,824 454,773 72,675 49,160 114,026
Business receipts.............................. 13,071,173,955 57,328,751 96,063,482 475,658,599 516,969,690 4,303,643,709 3,431,344,964 397,193,258 709,929,597 1,682,078,285
Net income (less deficit).................... 791,606,921 1,010,347 -1,306,291 38,831,103 10,875,231 218,512,766 58,979,787 8,366,054 36,717,057 356,062,254
Net income........................................ 1,041,919,838 2,961,219 6,668,489 42,072,320 16,688,111 276,562,059 92,082,454 14,566,133 88,049,936 384,558,606
Deficit................................................ 250,312,911 1,950,871 7,974,780 3,241,217 5,812,880 58,049,293 33,102,667 6,200,079 51,332,879 28,496,352
S Corporations
Number of businesses...................... 2,725,775 71,372 16,077 1,460 333,527 145,890 493,598 87,520 58,468 103,754
Business receipts.............................. 3,242,797,429 47,316,333 13,622,233 3,177,912 456,551,484 498,179,511 1,358,093,668 88,030,292 50,894,824 58,089,202
Total net income (less deficit)........... 193,756,411 1,365,099 2,037,505 242,427 24,975,895 37,082,035 39,471,709 2,765,560 6,677,030 9,587,976
Net income........................................ 240,561,633 3,653,779 2,611,941 295,972 28,451,199 42,139,446 47,227,365 4,818,958 9,468,476 12,522,305
Deficit................................................ 46,805,222 2,288,680 574,436 53,545 3,475,305 5,057,412 7,755,656 2,053,399 2,791,446 2,934,329
Partnerships
Number of businesses............................ 1,936,919 115,006 28,095 2,612 127,581 37,072 141,851 22,344 20,343 219,233
Business receipts.................................... 1,615,762,245 13,518,418 28,635,592 62,156,799 125,518,084 309,693,927 372,693,889 38,182,156 116,417,632 102,140,730
Net income (less deficit).......................... 228,438,105 1,343,662 6,252,201 1,819,162 9,360,698 13,058,214 6,441,214 2,046,745 -6,930,530 83,643,256
Net income.............................................. 348,467,958 4,938,301 10,237,584 3,728,757 13,191,380 21,586,149 11,910,451 4,545,507 20,130,834 93,379,163
Deficit...................................................... 120,029,853 3,594,639 3,985,383 1,909,595 3,830,682 8,527,935 5,469,238 2,498,762 27,061,363 9,735,907
General (
3
)
Number of businesses...................... 950,608 85,161 10,815 562 64,934 18,022 85,523 10,210 10,461 106,696
Business receipts.............................. 382,760,263 4,195,470 8,533,483 5,623,536 38,250,028 58,245,905 87,510,848 6,316,124 31,613,268 25,144,449
Net income (less deficit).................... 85,767,233 1,871,577 1,192,332 782,459 3,405,775 3,922,729 2,458,581 1,208,171 2,483,966 23,882,686
Net income........................................ 108,487,666 3,113,116 3,783,675 1,145,811 4,498,980 5,575,818 3,577,461 1,532,958 6,304,209 25,489,562
Deficit................................................ 22,720,433 1,241,539 2,591,343 363,351 1,093,205 1,653,089 1,118,880 324,788 3,820,243 1,606,876
Limited (
4
)
Number of businesses...................... 396,908 12,532 9,907 1,113 13,998 2,987 8,444 1,947 2,036 68,007
Business receipts.............................. 644,246,861 3,824,836 12,663,341 35,833,837 32,406,961 115,079,403 148,171,203 10,840,622 62,306,828 47,683,031
Net income (less deficit).................... 107,937,194 -361,913 4,342,538 1,171,164 2,538,434 6,212,157 2,246,290 1,368,209 -2,212,176 42,286,392
Net income........................................ 157,244,765 609,892 4,872,244 2,119,068 3,728,794 8,545,529 3,355,429 2,137,725 11,344,940 46,538,059
Deficit................................................ 49,307,571 971,805 529,706 947,904 1,190,360 2,333,372 1,109,139 769,516 13,557,116 4,251,666
LLC
Number of businesses...................... 589,403 17,312 7,372 936 48,650 16,062 47,885 10,188 7,846 44,530
Business receipts.............................. 588,755,121 5,498,111 7,438,768 20,699,426 54,861,096 136,368,619 137,011,837 21,025,410 22,497,536 29,313,251
Net income (less deficit).................... 34,733,678 -166,002 717,331 -134,461 3,416,489 2,923,328 1,736,342 -529,635 -7,202,319 17,474,178
Net income........................................ 82,735,527 1,215,293 1,581,665 463,879 4,963,606 7,464,802 4,977,561 874,824 2,481,685 21,351,542
Deficit................................................ 48,001,849 1,381,295 864,334 598,339 1,547,118 4,541,474 3,241,219 1,404,459 9,684,004 3,877,364
Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships
Number of businesses............................ 17,575,643 306,905 117,099 9,077 2,283,929 359,559 2,669,307 790,376 236,546 579,362
Business receipts.................................... 969,347,038 16,652,693 4,434,500 108,154 154,225,367 27,327,211 228,214,971 45,989,293 6,987,894 86,390,620
Net income (less deficit).......................... 207,946,977 1,244,406 -140,081 22,907 28,330,310 3,608,920 16,665,361 7,175,889 1,822,737 14,415,248
Net income.............................................. 233,404,991 2,383,785 743,704 33,480 30,188,237 4,280,176 22,145,915 8,271,426 2,345,093 16,050,820
Deficit...................................................... 25,458,013 1,139,379 883,785 10,573 1,857,927 671,256 5,480,553 1,095,537 522,357 1,635,572
Footnotes at end of table.
- 38 -
PETSKA, PARISI, LUTTRELL, DAVITIAN, AND SCOFFIC
Table 3B.--Number of Businesses, Business Receipts, Net Income, and Deficit, by Form of Business and Industry,
Tax Year 1999--Continued
[All figures are estimates based on samples--money amounts are in thousands of dollars]
Administrative Religious,
Real estate Professional, Management and support Educational Health care Arts, Accommodation, Other grantmaking, Unclassified
Form of business, item and rental scientific, and of companies and waste services and social entertainment, food services, services civic, industries
and leasing technical (holding management assistance and recreation and drinking professional,
services companies) services places and similar
(11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21)
All Businesses
Number of businesses............................ 2,230,947 3,223,670 55,907 1,693,387 367,654 1,863,824 1,167,836 630,425 2,154,135 210,843 291,981
Business receipts.................................... 280,466,415 855,476,153 95,722,386 352,129,454 26,048,213 519,887,619 115,655,479 436,626,093 222,514,017 2,209,867 8,891,250
Net income (less deficit).......................... 82,461,634 103,489,041 73,997,346 20,955,739 2,383,814 49,983,138 8,222,183 15,954,203 19,343,018 1,208,280 1,316,153
Net income.............................................. 129,509,061 136,420,383 85,042,620 27,631,217 3,396,647 64,051,082 17,723,489 27,562,816 24,280,677 1,320,620 1,926,279
Deficit...................................................... 47,047,426 32,931,342 11,045,273 6,675,477 1,012,832 14,067,944 9,501,305 11,608,614 4,937,658 112,340 610,124
Corporations
Number of businesses............................ 521,447 657,153 43,246 205,011 35,196 303,499 93,922 252,113 305,725 N/A 27,031
Business receipts.................................... 185,450,183 576,276,292 91,583,476 283,700,509 20,532,679 371,442,071 70,756,712 318,528,271 146,498,454 N/A 5,036,944
Net income (less deficit)( ¹ ).................... 14,525,074 17,633,962 67,069,382 8,865,906 666,803 5,883,711 2,450,222 11,065,417 4,828,525 N/A 120,785
Net income.............................................. 26,723,002 43,324,463 74,005,614 13,705,989 1,384,796 15,926,481 6,389,531 17,528,785 7,629,604 N/A 464,438
Deficit...................................................... 12,197,926 25,690,502 6,936,231 4,840,083 717,992 10,042,770 3,939,308 6,463,368 2,801,078 N/A 343,651
C Corporations (
2
)
Number of businesses...................... 214,262 259,460 23,526 71,327 14,353 165,886 35,576 94,577 140,920 N/A 10,348
Business receipts.............................. 126,943,155 370,936,482 87,892,147 186,717,710 11,615,065 286,220,509 38,832,310 208,611,516 82,132,863 N/A 1,061,862
Net income (less deficit).................... 2,810,303 -4,515,568 56,275,439 2,781,004 21,357 -1,716,764 -356,592 7,226,673 1,234,499 N/A -201,738
Net income........................................ 11,028,235 17,205,755 60,573,733 6,205,359 628,573 6,715,148 1,774,765 10,656,829 2,878,130 N/A 43,984
Deficit................................................ 8,217,931 21,721,323 4,298,294 3,424,355 607,215 8,431,912 2,131,357 3,430,156 1,643,630 N/A 245,720
S Corporations
Number of businesses...................... 307,185 397,693 19,720 133,684 20,843 137,613 58,346 157,536 164,805 N/A 16,683
Business receipts.............................. 58,507,028 205,339,810 3,691,329 96,982,799 8,917,614 85,221,562 31,924,402 109,916,755 64,365,591 N/A 3,975,082
Total net income (less deficit)........... 11,714,771 22,149,530 10,793,943 6,084,902 645,446 7,600,475 2,806,814 3,838,744 3,594,026 N/A 322,523
Net income........................................ 15,694,767 26,118,708 13,431,881 7,500,630 756,223 9,211,333 4,614,766 6,871,956 4,751,474 N/A 420,454
Deficit................................................ 3,979,995 3,969,179 2,637,937 1,415,728 110,777 1,610,858 1,807,951 3,033,212 1,157,448 N/A 97,931
Partnerships
Number of businesses............................ 858,066 122,773 12,661 32,508 6,015 39,890 33,705 63,162 51,822 N/A 2,182
Business receipts.................................... 52,143,490 172,277,572 4,138,910 31,147,073 1,359,899 65,685,097 25,444,429 81,804,555 12,298,764 N/A 505,229
Net income (less deficit).......................... 49,665,658 40,628,476 6,927,964 1,512,770 123,489 8,486,828 421,718 2,733,972 883,768 N/A 18,840
Net income.............................................. 83,003,855 44,880,009 11,037,006 2,387,425 204,424 11,255,870 3,925,572 6,602,193 1,416,643 N/A 106,835
Deficit...................................................... 33,338,198 4,251,533 4,109,042 874,654 80,935 2,769,042 3,503,854 3,868,222 532,875 N/A 87,995
General (
3
)
Number of businesses...................... 377,717 54,360 2,709 17,423 3,448 17,602 16,184 30,563 37,457 N/A 762
Business receipts.............................. 9,209,131 52,980,673 294,875 5,339,017 234,885 16,510,480 6,072,807 21,365,619 5,245,444 N/A 74,221
Net income (less deficit).................... 19,373,161 15,887,529 1,386,583 510,427 17,022 4,442,354 866,692 1,438,950 655,267 N/A -19,029
Net income........................................ 24,778,501 16,525,330 2,557,509 636,020 44,426 4,655,789 1,586,373 1,926,047 747,882 N/A 8,199
Deficit................................................ 5,405,340 637,801 1,170,926 125,592 27,404 213,435 719,681 487,097 92,615 N/A 27,228
Limited (
4
)
Number of businesses...................... 229,572 16,945 4,745 2,701 180 6,245 4,132 9,016 2,101 N/A 300
Business receipts.............................. 20,470,814 73,994,646 2,110,770 7,017,025 258,098 25,320,021 11,610,864 32,484,727 2,140,787 N/A 29,047
Net income (less deficit).................... 22,566,267 19,626,628 3,396,412 546,176 31,606 2,188,901 296,921 1,527,297 166,385 N/A -493
Net income........................................ 40,399,430 20,424,639 4,426,640 740,350 39,237 3,138,158 1,529,429 3,066,015 228,512 N/A 676
Deficit................................................ 17,833,163 798,011 1,030,229 194,174 7,631 949,257 1,232,508 1,538,718 62,127 N/A 1,169
LLC
Number of businesses...................... 250,777 51,468 5,207 12,384 2,387 16,042 13,389 23,583 12,264 N/A 1,120
Business receipts.............................. 22,463,545 45,302,253 1,733,265 18,791,031 866,917 23,854,596 7,760,757 27,954,209 4,912,533 N/A 401,961
Net income (less deficit).................... 7,726,230 5,114,319 2,144,969 456,167 74,861 1,855,573 -741,895 -232,276 62,116 N/A 38,361
Net income........................................ 17,825,925 7,930,041 4,052,857 1,011,055 120,761 3,461,923 809,770 1,610,131 440,249 N/A 97,960
Deficit................................................ 10,099,695 2,815,721 1,907,888 554,888 45,900 1,606,349 1,551,665 1,842,407 378,133 N/A 59,599
Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships
Number of businesses............................ 851,434 2,443,744 N/A 1,455,868 326,443 1,520,435 1,040,209 315,150 1,796,588 210,843 262,768
Business receipts.................................... 42,872,742 106,922,289 N/A 37,281,872 4,155,635 82,760,451 19,454,338 36,293,267 63,716,799 2,209,867 3,349,077
Net income (less deficit).......................... 18,270,902 45,226,603 N/A 10,577,063 1,593,522 35,612,599 5,350,243 2,154,814 13,630,725 1,208,280 1,176,528
Net income.............................................. 19,782,204 48,215,911 N/A 11,537,803 1,807,427 36,868,731 7,408,386 3,431,838 15,234,430 1,320,620 1,355,006
Deficit...................................................... 1,511,302 2,989,307 N/A 960,740 213,905 1,256,132 2,058,143 1,277,024 1,603,705 112,340 178,478
N/A - not applicable.
1
Total Corporation "Net income (less deficit)" includes "Total net income (less deficit)" from S Corporations and is more comprehensive than what SOI generally publishes.
2
For this table, the computations for C Corporations also include 1120-RIC and 1120-REIT returns.
3
For Tax Year 1999 General Partnerships include partnerships listed on the tax return as General, Other and blank.
4
For Tax Year 1999 Limited Partnerships include Limited Partnerships and Limited Liability Partnerships.
NOTE: Detail may not add to total because of rounding.
- 39 -
AN ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND ACTIVITY FROM TAX DATA
Table 3C.--Number of Businesses, Business Receipts, Net Income, and Deficit, by Form of Business and Industry,
Tax Year 2000
[All figures are estimates based on samples--money amounts are in thousands of dollars]
All Agriculture, Wholesale Transportation Finance and
Form of business, item industries forestry, fishing, Mining Utilities Construction Manufacturing and and Information insurance
and hunting retail trade warehousing
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)
All Businesses
Number of businesses............................ 25,007,505 532,328 165,304 24,441 2,958,179 678,953 3,797,576 1,076,305 427,654 1,043,242
Business receipts.................................... 18,659,570,396 122,612,734 146,867,803 708,180,639 1,194,678,304 5,287,885,546 5,490,535,822 558,173,928 824,439,100 1,628,868,725
Net income (less deficit).......................... 1,201,936,567 4,305,215 12,129,647 29,318,476 62,456,542 283,928,550 107,547,979 16,466,208 12,061,210 401,601,964
Net income.............................................. 1,636,649,354 10,079,049 18,010,790 35,430,405 76,315,388 367,392,144 167,064,668 28,876,412 98,830,177 446,018,129
Deficit...................................................... 434,712,784 5,773,836 5,881,144 6,111,928 13,858,846 83,463,593 59,516,688 12,410,204 86,768,967 44,416,166
Corporations
Number of businesses............................ 5,045,274 140,851 32,578 7,968 597,902 288,506 959,575 160,437 118,073 221,394
Business receipts.................................... 17,636,551,349 106,085,760 140,917,053 707,815,083 1,034,087,166 5,259,173,394 5,267,581,835 505,713,781 817,186,647 1,525,629,096
Net income (less deficit)( ¹ ).................... 986,952,278 2,771,799 11,568,288 29,268,805 35,757,665 279,610,134 92,637,276 8,959,964 10,171,572 387,653,903
Net income.............................................. 1,391,008,755 7,549,336 16,664,668 35,355,913 46,969,598 362,321,332 145,734,841 19,984,584 96,384,845 429,289,049
Deficit...................................................... 404,056,474 4,777,538 5,096,381 6,087,107 11,211,933 82,711,197 53,097,565 11,024,620 86,213,273 41,635,148
C Corporations (
2
)
Number of businesses...................... 2,184,795 68,555 14,892 5,413 232,294 141,687 453,838 71,417 55,995 104,563
Business receipts.............................. 14,078,901,184 57,708,101 122,891,531 703,863,380 522,979,306 4,737,156,398 3,767,376,961 414,456,985 764,211,744 1,452,461,321
Net income (less deficit).................... 788,416,390 1,099,041 7,610,738 29,085,238 9,873,890 246,352,850 54,099,727 6,716,444 4,031,594 373,773,331
Net income........................................ 1,136,792,550 3,070,493 12,155,823 35,048,390 16,460,765 323,064,519 96,649,397 14,990,511 86,311,839 411,646,454
Deficit................................................ 348,376,157 1,971,453 4,545,086 5,963,151 6,586,875 76,711,668 42,549,670 8,274,067 82,280,245 37,873,124
S Corporations
Number of businesses...................... 2,860,478 72,296 17,686 2,555 365,608 146,819 505,737 89,020 62,078 116,831
Business receipts.............................. 3,557,650,166 48,377,659 18,025,522 3,951,703 511,107,860 522,016,996 1,500,204,874 91,256,796 52,974,903 73,167,775
Total net income (less deficit)........... 198,535,888 1,672,758 3,957,550 183,567 25,883,775 33,257,284 38,537,549 2,243,520 6,139,978 13,880,572
Net income........................................ 254,216,205 4,478,843 4,508,845 307,523 30,508,833 39,256,813 49,085,444 4,994,073 10,073,006 17,642,595
Deficit................................................ 55,680,317 2,806,085 551,295 123,956 4,625,058 5,999,529 10,547,895 2,750,553 3,933,028 3,762,024
Partnerships
Number of businesses............................ 2,057,500 113,931 26,084 2,453 115,509 37,950 148,305 26,941 26,945 251,657
Business receipts.................................... 2,061,764 16,320 57,347 107,719 140,387 411,568 493,306 43,745 139,237 131,752
Net income (less deficit).......................... 268,991 214 15,898 3,608 10,320 17,284 7,045 2,676 -3,497 99,656
Net income.............................................. 409,973 4,668 20,474 5,896 14,034 26,947 14,372 5,491 20,517 115,087
Deficit...................................................... 140,982 4,454 4,576 2,288 3,714 9,663 7,327 2,815 24,014 15,431
General (
3
)
Number of businesses...................... 936,564 80,041 10,442 261 54,608 17,908 85,311 13,753 13,772 115,364
Business receipts.............................. 425,752 5,258 13,740 8,015 37,885 67,696 99,816 6,574 39,208 26,317
Net income (less deficit).................... 101,787 1,252 5,067 1,253 3,595 4,621 2,435 1,177 2,915 32,836
Net income........................................ 127,059 2,810 7,770 1,558 4,471 6,088 3,392 1,816 6,312 36,385
Deficit................................................ 25,272 1,558 2,704 305 876 1,467 957 639 3,397 3,548
Limited (
4
)
Number of businesses...................... 402,232 12,469 7,482 682 10,352 1,933 8,242 1,487 1,503 78,455
Business receipts.............................. 830,430 3,705 19,978 54,237 36,292 155,576 212,811 12,241 63,814 73,544
Net income (less deficit).................... 119,512 -401 7,867 1,553 2,877 8,189 3,959 2,397 580 40,192
Net income........................................ 170,929 654 8,530 2,725 4,089 10,673 5,238 2,872 10,558 46,406
Deficit................................................ 51,417 1,055 663 1,172 1,212 2,484 596 475 9,977 6,214
LLC
Number of businesses...................... 718,704 21,421 8,160 1,510 50,548 18,109 54,752 11,702 11,669 57,838
Business receipts.............................. 805,582 7,357 23,629 45,467 66,210 188,295 180,679 24,930 36,215 31,891
Net income (less deficit).................... 47,692 -636 2,964 802 3,848 4,475 651 -898 -6,992 26,628
Net income........................................ 111,984 1,204 4,174 1,613 5,474 10,187 5,741 802 3,647 32,297
Deficit................................................ 64,292 1,840 1,210 811 1,626 5,712 5,090 1,701 10,639 5,669
Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships
Number of businesses............................ 17,904,731 277,546 106,642 14,020 2,244,768 352,497 2,689,696 888,927 282,636 570,191
Business receipts.................................... 1,020,957,283 16,510,654 5,893,403 257,837 160,450,751 28,300,584 222,460,681 52,416,402 7,113,216 103,107,877
Net income (less deficit).......................... 214,715,298 1,533,202 545,461 46,063 26,688,557 4,301,132 14,903,658 7,503,568 1,893,135 13,848,405
Net income.............................................. 245,230,626 2,525,045 1,325,648 68,596 29,331,756 5,043,865 21,315,455 8,886,337 2,424,815 16,613,993
Deficit...................................................... 30,515,328 991,844 780,187 22,533 2,643,199 742,733 6,411,796 1,382,769 531,680 2,765,587
Footnotes at end of table.
- 40 -
PETSKA, PARISI, LUTTRELL, DAVITIAN, AND SCOFFIC
Table 3C.--Number of Businesses, Business Receipts, Net Income, and Deficit, by Form of Business and Industry,
Tax Year 2000--Continued
[All figures are estimates based on samples--money amounts are in thousands of dollars]
Administrative Religious,
Real estate Professional, Management and support Educational Health care Arts, Accommodation, Other grantmaking, Unclassified
Form of business, item and rental scientific, and of companies and waste services and social entertainment, food services, services civic, industries
and leasing technical (holding management assistance and recreation and drinking professional,
services companies) services places and similar
(11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21)
All Businesses
Number of businesses............................ 2,373,298 3,270,162 64,278 1,798,842 394,803 1,945,785 1,208,571 642,061 2,103,502 226,867 275,355
Business receipts.................................... 315,146,764 931,622,176 133,216,727 394,519,709 28,858,868 563,805,144 123,169,925 473,426,560 244,741,572 2,933,690 5,748,721
Net income (less deficit).......................... 87,077,469 87,155,800 92,033,462 19,334,538 2,637,723 54,806,309 6,304,888 15,221,225 20,845,350 1,498,270 1,277,086
Net income.............................................. 142,901,801 147,126,920 102,671,023 29,520,694 4,010,504 68,237,725 17,552,136 28,772,909 26,614,063 1,679,507 1,849,846
Deficit...................................................... 55,824,333 59,971,120 11,037,559 10,186,155 1,372,780 13,431,416 11,247,248 13,551,683 5,768,714 181,237 572,759
Corporations
Number of businesses............................ 532,426 689,412 47,542 211,993 36,756 306,352 97,866 257,525 316,138 N/A 21,980
Business receipts.................................... 204,519,672 623,368,137 127,242,280 313,932,798 22,021,416 403,580,914 64,157,666 346,989,626 164,175,721 N/A 2,373,305
Net income (less deficit)( ¹ ).................... 14,935,833 -3,906,788 84,733,578 5,987,563 816,534 8,171,921 1,232,220 11,155,487 5,828,456 N/A -1,933
Net income.............................................. 29,322,559 45,913,867 90,006,013 13,622,169 1,811,683 17,428,292 5,630,381 17,775,976 9,022,211 N/A 221,437
Deficit...................................................... 14,386,726 49,820,656 5,672,434 7,634,605 995,148 9,256,371 4,398,161 6,620,488 3,193,756 N/A 223,369
C Corporations (
2
)
Number of businesses...................... 212,680 263,494 26,357 72,978 15,125 163,465 35,395 93,618 141,282 N/A 11,747
Business receipts.............................. 138,723,611 400,696,546 122,928,517 204,978,744 13,743,225 304,962,586 34,866,246 227,687,772 85,900,693 N/A 1,307,517
Net income (less deficit).................... 1,450,889 -26,918,719 75,886,309 -487,166 96,848 -1,287,652 -405,031 6,497,107 1,021,006 N/A -80,054
Net income........................................ 10,906,984 17,834,015 80,199,791 5,527,204 964,208 6,549,491 1,901,142 10,435,175 2,987,290 N/A 89,059
Deficit................................................ 9,456,094 44,752,734 4,313,482 6,014,369 867,359 7,837,142 2,306,173 3,938,068 1,966,285 N/A 169,112
S Corporations
Number of businesses...................... 319,746 425,918 21,185 139,015 21,631 142,887 62,471 163,907 174,856 N/A 10,233
Business receipts.............................. 65,796,061 222,671,591 4,313,763 108,954,054 8,278,191 98,618,328 29,291,420 119,301,854 78,275,028 N/A 1,065,788
Total net income (less deficit)........... 13,484,944 23,011,931 8,847,269 6,474,729 719,686 9,459,573 1,637,251 4,658,380 4,807,450 N/A 78,121
Net income........................................ 18,415,575 28,079,852 9,806,222 8,094,965 847,475 10,878,801 3,729,239 7,340,801 6,034,921 N/A 132,378
Deficit................................................ 4,930,632 5,067,922 1,358,952 1,620,236 127,789 1,419,229 2,091,988 2,682,420 1,227,471 N/A 54,257
Partnerships
Number of businesses............................ 905,796 135,905 16,736 37,696 5,752 44,038 35,091 62,076 61,643 N/A 2,991
Business receipts.................................... 61,899,580 193,998,910 5,974,447 40,370,566 2,033,451 73,247,847 38,443,515 89,091,640 15,045,733 N/A 276,756
Net income (less deficit).......................... 51,598,841 42,945,726 7,299,884 1,771,173 75,145 9,758,764 -302,694 1,820,136 824,433 N/A -4,276
Net income.............................................. 91,406,835 49,516,987 12,665,010 2,978,182 241,673 12,575,743 4,028,424 7,499,357 1,556,234 N/A 18,979
Deficit...................................................... 39,807,995 6,571,261 5,365,125 1,207,009 166,528 2,816,979 4,331,118 5,679,221 731,801 N/A 23,255
General (
3
)
Number of businesses...................... 366,696 56,581 2,500 18,099 3,308 16,237 16,958 25,712 37,859 N/A 1,154
Business receipts.............................. 9,456,095 53,075,905 225,176 5,748,549 261,393 16,786,348 13,161,141 16,727,609 5,744,432 N/A 54,501
Net income (less deficit).................... 19,264,923 17,847,674 1,415,642 446,421 -11,057 4,648,902 1,140,120 1,252,200 632,191 N/A 20
Net income........................................ 24,838,280 18,442,731 3,472,805 548,912 35,265 4,820,173 1,789,919 1,752,693 753,859 N/A 2,402
Deficit................................................ 5,573,357 595,057 2,057,163 102,492 46,322 171,271 649,799 500,493 121,667 N/A 2,382
Limited (
4
)
Number of businesses...................... 227,085 18,488 6,165 3,110 71 8,073 3,667 8,499 3,339 N/A 1,130
Business receipts.............................. 21,684,835 83,972,072 1,707,402 11,778,902 315,263 28,416,653 12,912,004 35,097,027 2,346,855 N/A --
Net income (less deficit).................... 23,225,545 21,002,777 3,325,341 363,944 101,644 2,698,524 -102,030 1,594,389 81,363 N/A 7,744
Net income........................................ 43,154,732 22,260,640 4,382,362 589,135 101,644 3,628,344 1,408,839 3,481,317 169,662 N/A 8,046
Deficit................................................ 19,929,187 1,257,863 1,057,022 225,191 -- 929,821 1,510,869 1,886,928 88,298 N/A 302
LLC
Number of businesses...................... 312,016 60,836 8,071 16,487 2,373 19,728 14,466 27,866 20,445 N/A 707
Business receipts.............................. 30,758,650 56,950,933 4,041,868 22,843,115 1,456,796 28,044,845 12,370,370 37,267,004 6,954,445 N/A 222,255
Net income (less deficit).................... 9,108,373 4,095,275 2,558,902 960,809 -15,442 2,411,338 -1,340,784 -1,026,453 110,878 N/A -12,040
Net income........................................ 23,413,824 8,813,617 4,809,842 1,840,135 104,764 4,127,225 829,666 2,265,348 632,713 N/A 8,532
Deficit................................................ 14,305,450 4,718,341 2,250,940 879,327 120,206 1,715,888 2,170,450 3,291,801 521,835 N/A 20,572
Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships
Number of businesses............................ 935,076 2,444,845 N/A 1,549,153 352,295 1,595,395 1,075,614 322,460 1,725,721 226,867 250,384
Business receipts.................................... 48,727,512 114,255,129 N/A 40,216,345 4,804,001 86,976,383 20,568,744 37,345,294 65,520,118 2,933,690 3,098,660
Net income (less deficit).......................... 20,542,795 48,116,862 N/A 11,575,802 1,746,044 36,875,624 5,375,362 2,245,602 14,192,461 1,498,270 1,283,295
Net income.............................................. 22,172,407 51,696,066 N/A 12,920,343 1,957,148 38,233,690 7,893,331 3,497,576 16,035,618 1,679,507 1,609,430
Deficit...................................................... 1,629,612 3,579,203 N/A 1,344,541 211,104 1,358,066 2,517,969 1,251,974 1,843,157 181,237 326,135
N/A - not applicable.
1
Total Corporation "Net income (less deficit)" includes "Total net income (less deficit)" from S Corporations and is more comprehensive than what SOI generally publishes.
2
For this table, the computations for C Corporations also include 1120-RIC and 1120-REIT returns.
3
For Tax Year 2000 General Partnerships include partnerships listed on the tax return as General, Foreign, Other and blank.
4
For Tax Year 2000 Limited Partnerships include Domestic Limited Partnerships and Domestic Limited Liability Partnerships.
NOTE: Detail may not add to total because of rounding.
- 41 -
AN ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND ACTIVITY FROM TAX DATA
Table 3D.--Number of Businesses, Business Receipts, Net Income, and Deficit, by Form of Business and Industry,
Tax Year 2001
[All figures are estimates based on samples--money amounts are in thousands of dollars]
All Agriculture, Wholesale Transportation Finance and
Form of business, item industries forestry, fishing, Mining Utilities Construction Manufacturing and and Information insurance
and hunting retail trade warehousing
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)
All Businesses
Number of businesses............................ 25,605,898 528,224 173,580 19,566 3,124,732 662,521 3,674,362 1,129,498 426,500 1,059,181
Business receipts.................................... 20,799,323,834 137,726,166 218,469,712 1,143,709,184 1,405,785,332 5,348,916,414 5,897,663,230 593,002,438 982,177,427 1,684,991,171
Net income (less deficit).......................... 1,142,478,028 3,674,270 24,844,876 21,425,917 74,462,287 160,456,099 103,595,361 3,563,871 -44,851,759 386,021,771
Net income.............................................. 1,851,745,213 14,046,103 39,158,379 36,088,138 95,238,192 313,684,796 171,974,002 29,819,784 83,596,193 468,340,204
Deficit...................................................... 709,267,183 10,371,833 14,313,506 14,662,222 20,775,905 153,228,696 68,378,639 26,255,912 128,447,950 82,318,433
Corporations
Number of businesses............................ 5,135,591 140,806 31,776 7,802 624,478 278,995 963,403 164,492 115,435 220,895
Business receipts.................................... 17,504,288,630 102,909,416 151,151,906 1,004,358,112 1,084,579,920 4,862,174,424 5,183,197,415 493,765,699 815,772,817 1,430,898,834
Net income (less deficit)( ¹ ).................... 648,758,088 1,672,678 10,279,423 16,965,071 35,393,578 134,837,427 84,526,491 -6,441,292 -35,586,988 272,519,760
Net income.............................................. 1,155,497,719 6,429,255 17,023,541 28,877,598 48,628,971 274,142,214 136,822,456 14,678,456 61,329,395 332,135,408
Deficit...................................................... 506,739,630 4,756,577 6,744,121 11,912,527 13,235,392 139,304,786 52,295,963 21,119,748 96,916,381 59,615,647
C Corporations (
2
)
Number of businesses...................... 2,149,105 66,284 13,908 5,941 238,116 139,508 440,523 73,304 52,769 99,141
Business receipts.............................. 13,813,168,479 56,153,283 130,106,865 999,589,343 535,734,095 4,359,364,517 3,647,616,000 399,221,076 765,512,006 1,363,009,858
Net income (less deficit).................... 461,071,171 1,221,679 5,628,672 16,585,894 9,018,523 110,021,373 43,425,834 -8,021,537 -36,958,491 260,174,240
Net income........................................ 906,633,873 3,080,882 11,766,438 28,371,482 16,948,122 241,206,592 85,924,640 10,290,662 54,766,601 316,581,583
Deficit................................................ 445,562,701 1,859,203 6,137,768 11,785,588 7,929,598 131,185,218 42,498,806 18,312,199 91,725,091 56,407,343
S Corporations
Number of businesses...................... 2,986,486 74,522 17,868 1,861 386,362 139,487 522,880 91,188 62,666 121,754
Business receipts.............................. 3,691,120,151 46,756,133 21,045,041 4,768,769 548,845,825 502,809,907 1,535,581,415 94,544,623 50,260,811 67,888,976
Total net income (less deficit)........... 187,686,917 450,999 4,650,751 379,177 26,375,055 24,816,054 41,100,657 1,580,245 1,371,503 12,345,520
Net income........................................ 248,863,846 3,348,373 5,257,103 506,116 31,680,849 32,935,622 50,897,816 4,387,794 6,562,794 15,553,825
Deficit................................................ 61,176,929 2,897,374 606,353 126,939 5,305,794 8,119,568 9,797,157 2,807,549 5,191,290 3,208,304
Partnerships
Number of businesses............................ 2,132,117 117,343 27,269 2,757 127,374 36,514 146,402 25,483 26,091 261,682
Business receipts.................................... 2,278,200,526 18,573,227 60,502,000 139,090,586 156,967,238 462,062,912 490,913,434 46,548,552 158,779,118 171,469,593
Net income (less deficit).......................... 276,334,824 678,466 13,958,241 4,390,151 10,538,118 22,184,926 5,478,305 1,914,673 -10,946,478 99,627,703
Net income.............................................. 446,069,172 5,276,110 20,573,102 7,123,443 15,132,697 35,451,133 14,795,537 5,487,560 19,994,802 119,943,530
Deficit...................................................... 169,734,347 4,597,644 6,614,861 2,733,293 4,594,579 13,266,207 9,317,232 3,572,887 30,941,280 20,315,827
General (
3
)
Number of businesses...................... 885,457 77,990 10,603 540 55,127 15,935 77,574 10,506 11,563 104,824
Business receipts.............................. 464,251,886 4,268,379 13,138,627 9,480,774 40,243,629 118,149,292 91,105,525 6,962,623 44,097,606 17,133,339
Net income (less deficit).................... 101,830,079 1,761,759 2,912,285 1,276,453 3,618,801 8,855,695 2,287,250 1,223,053 2,102,636 30,644,767
Net income........................................ 128,591,551 3,197,829 6,431,979 1,748,849 4,592,540 10,282,879 3,358,011 1,873,241 6,528,094 34,437,101
Deficit................................................ 26,761,472 1,436,070 3,519,694 472,396 973,739 1,427,184 1,070,760 650,189 4,425,457 3,792,334
Limited (
4
)
Number of businesses...................... 437,968 17,394 7,810 931 11,129 2,903 9,291 2,938 2,167 87,192
Business receipts.............................. 876,234,279 3,827,239 18,267,977 72,523,323 39,803,876 145,959,928 187,696,593 14,272,618 66,649,516 113,439,079
Net income (less deficit).................... 127,448,902 -547,612 7,943,390 2,457,025 3,218,412 7,091,113 3,395,725 1,938,867 -5,262,980 44,697,072
Net income........................................ 187,146,566 674,613 9,236,149 3,930,377 4,374,005 11,892,494 4,867,844 2,590,253 8,199,391 49,805,651
Deficit................................................ 59,697,664 1,222,225 1,292,759 1,473,352 1,155,593 4,801,380 1,472,119 651,386 13,462,370 5,108,579
LLC
Number of businesses...................... 808,692 21,959 8,856 1,287 61,117 17,677 59,537 12,038 12,361 69,665
Business receipts.............................. 937,714,361 10,477,609 29,095,395 57,086,489 76,919,733 197,953,692 212,111,316 25,313,311 48,031,996 40,897,175
Net income (less deficit).................... 47,055,843 -535,682 3,102,566 656,672 3,700,905 6,238,117 -204,671 -1,247,247 -7,786,135 24,285,864
Net income........................................ 130,331,055 1,403,668 4,904,974 1,444,217 6,166,151 13,275,760 6,569,682 1,024,066 5,267,317 35,700,778
Deficit................................................ 83,275,212 1,939,350 1,802,408 787,545 2,465,247 7,037,643 6,774,353 2,271,313 13,053,452 11,414,914
Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships
Number of businesses............................ 18,338,190 270,075 114,535 9,007 2,372,880 347,012 2,564,557 939,523 284,974 576,604
Business receipts.................................... 1,016,834,678 16,243,523 6,815,806 260,486 164,238,174 24,679,078 223,552,381 52,688,187 7,625,492 82,622,744
Net income (less deficit).......................... 217,385,116 1,323,126 607,212 70,695 28,530,591 3,433,746 13,590,565 8,090,490 1,681,707 13,874,308
Net income.............................................. 250,178,322 2,340,738 1,561,736 87,097 31,476,524 4,091,449 20,356,009 9,653,768 2,271,996 16,261,266
Deficit...................................................... 32,793,206 1,017,612 954,524 16,402 2,945,934 657,703 6,765,444 1,563,277 590,289 2,386,959
Footnotes at end of table.
- 42 -
PETSKA, PARISI, LUTTRELL, DAVITIAN, AND SCOFFIC
Table 3D.--Number of Businesses, Business Receipts, Net Income, and Deficit, by Form of Business and Industry,
Tax Year 2001--Continued
[All figures are estimates based on samples--money amounts are in thousands of dollars]
Administrative Religious,
Real estate Professional, Management and support Educational Health care Arts, Accommodation, Other grantmaking, Unclassified
Form of business, item and rental scientific, and of companies and waste services and social entertainment, food services, services civic, industries
and leasing technical (holding management assistance and recreation and drinking professional,
services companies) services places and similar
(11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21)
All Businesses
Number of businesses............................ 2,456,254 3,445,157 63,211 1,829,793 422,180 2,051,024 1,174,566 691,094 2,237,355 231,591 205,507
Business receipts.................................... 325,077,096 965,106,321 182,587,302 421,976,061 31,760,887 608,972,873 133,977,372 456,267,719 255,091,915 2,837,353 3,227,862
Net income (less deficit).......................... 93,243,970 97,673,057 91,333,150 22,302,092 2,325,169 63,600,568 4,380,651 11,682,493 20,182,517 1,473,603 1,088,067
Net income.............................................. 153,082,125 155,617,014 105,838,162 32,032,024 4,023,737 75,985,681 17,359,662 26,257,997 26,597,037 1,718,877 1,287,104
Deficit...................................................... 59,838,158 57,943,958 14,505,011 9,729,931 1,698,571 12,385,113 12,979,008 14,575,506 6,414,520 245,275 199,039
Corporations
Number of businesses............................ 539,965 709,837 47,866 223,999 38,480 327,338 102,631 259,465 325,602 N/A 12,325
Business receipts.................................... 207,454,856 631,691,343 175,450,783 339,002,912 25,148,309 429,190,484 69,089,923 328,552,525 168,989,458 N/A 909,495
Net income (less deficit)( ¹ ).................... 13,816,572 -1,095,827 85,179,993 8,299,302 472,261 12,584,750 938,959 9,954,901 4,484,029 N/A -43,000
Net income.............................................. 28,291,489 45,485,912 93,187,021 15,431,400 1,676,488 20,580,467 5,656,721 17,006,538 8,088,334 N/A 26,055
Deficit...................................................... 14,474,918 46,581,740 8,007,027 7,132,097 1,204,229 7,995,717 4,717,760 7,051,638 3,604,305 N/A 69,057
C Corporations (
2
)
Number of businesses...................... 208,012 260,025 26,419 72,341 14,407 157,124 35,406 92,568 144,389 N/A 8,916
Business receipts.............................. 138,430,430 394,400,768 170,384,509 209,587,067 14,424,654 308,545,859 35,905,198 203,384,005 81,561,619 N/A 237,329
Net income (less deficit).................... 1,139,392 -26,513,768 79,034,349 1,582,025 -203,819 452,528 -857,275 4,829,631 564,473 N/A -52,552
Net income........................................ 10,248,856 15,170,503 84,389,567 7,018,266 751,968 6,990,796 1,676,821 8,789,384 2,645,990 N/A 14,720
Deficit................................................ 9,109,465 41,684,271 5,355,217 5,436,240 955,789 6,538,268 2,534,094 3,959,754 2,081,517 N/A 67,272
S Corporations
Number of businesses...................... 331,953 449,812 21,447 151,658 24,073 170,214 67,225 166,897 181,213 N/A 3,409
Business receipts.............................. 69,024,426 237,290,575 5,066,274 129,415,845 10,723,655 120,644,625 33,184,725 125,168,520 87,427,839 N/A *672,166
Total net income (less deficit)........... 12,677,180 25,417,941 6,145,644 6,717,277 676,080 12,132,222 1,796,234 5,125,270 3,919,556 N/A 9,552
Net income........................................ 18,042,633 30,315,409 8,797,454 8,413,134 924,520 13,589,671 3,979,900 8,217,154 5,442,344 N/A *11,335
Deficit................................................ 5,365,453 4,897,469 2,651,810 1,695,857 248,440 1,457,449 2,183,666 3,091,884 1,522,788 N/A *1,785
Partnerships
Number of businesses............................ 948,200 143,045 15,345 38,516 5,240 44,689 34,594 70,171 58,454 N/A 2,948
Business receipts.................................... 68,470,179 214,642,623 7,136,519 43,650,320 1,763,853 86,253,831 43,679,315 90,282,581 17,267,790 N/A 146,854
Net income (less deficit).......................... 59,019,298 49,938,292 6,153,157 2,687,888 113,020 11,321,467 -1,906,125 258,538 901,189 N/A 23,996
Net income.............................................. 102,358,616 57,199,172 12,651,141 3,842,198 286,122 14,439,819 3,763,575 5,977,669 1,727,430 N/A *45,516
Deficit...................................................... 43,339,319 7,260,881 6,497,984 1,154,310 173,102 3,118,352 5,669,699 5,719,131 826,241 N/A 21,520
General (
3
)
Number of businesses...................... 349,791 55,333 1,873 14,507 3,093 15,180 15,136 28,867 35,960 N/A 1,057
Business receipts.............................. 10,515,703 50,109,862 366,440 5,434,223 118,631 16,563,029 15,558,638 15,588,953 5,389,907 N/A 26,706
Net income (less deficit).................... 21,108,782 18,677,683 243,766 452,376 36,807 4,284,728 1,037,447 672,090 651,315 N/A -17,615
Net income........................................ 25,674,465 19,675,697 1,876,643 619,709 47,723 4,443,501 1,712,566 1,295,820 794,902 N/A --
Deficit................................................ 4,565,683 998,014 1,632,878 167,333 10,916 158,774 675,119 623,730 143,587 N/A 17,615
Limited (
4
)
Number of businesses...................... 242,641 16,313 6,059 3,815 265 7,595 4,380 9,710 4,552 N/A 880
Business receipts.............................. 22,428,847 97,702,096 1,870,339 10,857,367 437,989 32,767,467 12,506,439 32,746,417 2,456,353 N/A 20,815
Net income (less deficit).................... 26,599,055 26,578,068 4,033,049 1,044,300 113,397 3,814,195 -709,654 832,826 169,473 N/A 43,180
Net income........................................ 48,261,080 27,599,589 5,607,019 1,316,813 131,470 4,786,165 1,068,293 2,519,938 239,915 N/A *45,508
Deficit................................................ 21,662,025 1,021,521 1,573,970 272,513 18,073 971,970 1,777,947 1,687,113 70,442 N/A 2,327
LLC
Number of businesses...................... 355,768 71,399 7,413 20,195 1,882 21,914 15,078 31,594 17,942 N/A 1,011
Business receipts.............................. 35,525,630 66,830,666 4,899,740 27,358,730 1,207,233 36,923,335 15,614,238 41,947,211 9,421,530 N/A 99,333
Net income (less deficit).................... 11,311,461 4,682,540 1,876,343 1,191,212 -37,184 3,222,544 -2,233,917 -1,246,377 80,401 N/A -1,569
Net income........................................ 28,423,072 9,923,886 5,167,479 1,905,676 106,929 5,210,152 982,716 2,161,910 692,613 N/A *8
Deficit................................................ 17,111,610 5,241,345 3,291,136 714,464 144,113 1,987,608 3,216,633 3,408,288 612,213 N/A 1,577
Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships
Number of businesses............................ 968,089 2,592,275 N/A 1,567,278 378,460 1,678,997 1,037,341 361,458 1,853,299 231,591 190,234
Business receipts.................................... 49,152,061 118,772,355 N/A 39,322,829 4,848,725 93,528,558 21,208,134 37,432,613 68,834,667 2,837,353 2,171,513
Net income (less deficit).......................... 20,408,100 48,830,592 N/A 11,314,902 1,739,888 39,694,351 5,347,817 1,469,054 14,797,299 1,473,603 1,107,071
Net income.............................................. 22,432,020 52,931,930 N/A 12,758,426 2,061,127 40,965,395 7,939,366 3,273,790 16,781,273 1,718,877 1,215,533
Deficit...................................................... 2,023,921 4,101,337 N/A 1,443,524 321,240 1,271,044 2,591,549 1,804,737 1,983,974 245,275 108,462
N/A - not applicable.
* Estimate should be used with caution because of the small number of sample returns on which it is based.
1
Total Corporation "Net income (less deficit)" includes "Total net income (less deficit)" from S Corporations and is more comprehensive than what SOI generally publishes.
2
For this table, the computations for C Corporations also include 1120-RIC and 1120-REIT returns.
3
For Tax Year 2001 General Partnerships include partnerships listed on the tax return as General, Foreign, Other and blank.
4
For Tax Year 2001 Limited Partnerships include Domestic Limited Partnerships and Domestic Limited Liability Partnerships.
NOTE: Detail may not add to total because of rounding.
- 43 -
AN ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND ACTIVITY FROM TAX DATA
Table 3E.--Number of Businesses, Business Receipts, Net Income, and Deficit, by Form of Business and Industry,
Tax Year 2002
[All figures are estimates based on samples--money amounts are in thousands of dollars]
All Agriculture, Wholesale Transportation Finance and
Form of business, item industries forestry, fishing, Mining Utilities Construction Manufacturing and and Information insurance
and hunting retail trade warehousing
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (10) (11) (12)
All Businesses
Number of businesses............................ 26,434,293 562,647 169,687 17,283 3,060,857 628,868 3,753,503 1,153,198 372,249 1,134,714
Business receipts.................................... 20,741,003,999 141,220,484 203,416,985 684,621,006 1,418,625,997 5,331,158,546 6,031,582,090 617,883,492 973,137,236 1,825,601,822
Net income (less deficit).......................... 1,088,304,476 -203,658 14,324,289 48,277 69,152,166 148,924,229 112,870,246 2,520,763 -37,650,355 354,829,875
Net income.............................................. 1,781,234,414 11,936,961 29,153,524 28,232,018 94,333,280 289,209,459 175,744,485 30,743,808 70,695,627 433,584,763
Deficit...................................................... 692,929,935 12,140,619 14,829,237 28,183,742 25,181,113 140,285,228 62,874,239 28,223,045 108,345,980 78,754,887
Corporations
Number of businesses............................ 5,266,607 140,223 30,287 7,863 648,535 280,185 964,523 177,745 120,271 224,352
Business receipts.................................... 17,297,125,146 107,931,393 142,247,484 537,883,736 1,080,555,117 4,822,650,951 5,278,843,887 510,816,998 799,441,224 1,573,271,535
Net income (less deficit)( ¹ ).................... 596,524,021 181,253 1,828,515 -996,254 30,333,662 122,875,109 92,047,142 -8,071,329 -32,346,204 249,912,504
Net income.............................................. 1,084,179,818 5,375,689 10,246,727 22,610,162 47,104,662 248,294,674 139,521,185 14,939,554 49,906,622 306,820,086
Deficit...................................................... 487,655,795 5,194,437 8,418,213 23,606,417 16,770,999 125,419,563 47,474,044 23,010,883 82,252,824 56,907,581
C Corporations (
2
)
Number of businesses...................... 2,112,229 62,926 13,689 6,148 229,765 136,154 421,528 79,150 53,442 101,495
Business receipts.............................. 13,455,844,038 55,913,447 123,353,269 534,775,345 508,439,348 4,310,253,648 3,683,137,171 404,314,605 747,803,342 1,499,651,364
Net income (less deficit).................... 413,045,088 -49,355 -694,500 -1,191,723 5,274,233 97,594,117 53,553,028 -10,159,325 -33,801,955 235,885,468
Net income........................................ 837,646,191 2,174,754 7,032,252 22,301,428 15,510,859 215,419,073 89,774,067 10,257,243 43,415,794 290,625,026
Deficit................................................ 424,601,101 2,224,109 7,726,753 23,493,152 10,236,625 117,824,954 36,221,039 20,416,569 77,217,748 54,739,558
S Corporations
Number of businesses...................... 3,154,377 77,297 16,598 1,715 418,770 144,031 542,150 98,595 66,829 122,857
Business receipts.............................. 3,841,281,106 52,017,946 18,894,215 3,108,391 572,115,769 512,397,303 1,595,706,716 106,502,393 51,637,882 73,620,171
Total net income (less deficit)........... 183,478,933 230,608 2,523,015 195,469 25,059,429 25,280,992 38,494,114 2,087,996 1,455,751 14,027,036
Net income........................................ 246,533,627 3,200,935 3,214,475 308,734 31,593,803 32,875,601 49,747,118 4,682,311 6,490,828 16,195,060
Deficit................................................ 63,054,694 2,970,328 691,460 113,265 6,534,374 7,594,609 11,253,005 2,594,314 5,035,076 2,168,023
Partnerships
Number of businesses............................ 2,242,169 117,667 29,549 2,507 134,114 38,364 159,813 26,007 28,580 263,024
Business receipts.................................... 2,414,187,093 18,493,176 54,836,750 146,591,432 169,589,554 485,032,481 537,823,272 52,184,396 167,226,832 175,974,554
Net income (less deficit).......................... 270,667,169 -1,120,675 11,994,183 1,059,594 10,726,523 23,367,624 8,680,372 2,936,996 -6,541,677 89,250,979
Net income.............................................. 439,761,741 4,541,707 17,592,960 5,596,380 15,771,154 37,340,960 16,237,421 6,209,734 19,058,239 108,763,922
Deficit...................................................... 169,094,572 5,662,382 5,598,778 4,536,786 5,044,631 13,973,337 7,557,049 3,272,738 25,599,916 19,512,943
General (
3
)
Number of businesses...................... 841,299 74,586 10,152 304 49,924 13,524 74,751 7,786 9,363 100,760
Business receipts.............................. 467,422,866 4,111,608 15,806,315 7,866,688 40,873,429 121,586,703 78,246,760 6,872,176 44,541,936 19,476,261
Net income (less deficit).................... 100,914,057 326,094 2,363,373 799,754 3,375,292 7,399,312 2,441,551 1,348,451 2,776,913 30,381,653
Net income........................................ 125,748,798 2,481,044 5,511,800 1,341,755 4,238,104 8,947,265 3,420,744 1,933,698 5,949,747 33,270,302
Deficit................................................ 24,834,741 2,154,950 3,148,427 542,001 862,812 1,547,954 979,193 585,247 3,172,835 2,888,649
Limited (
4
)
Number of businesses...................... 454,741 17,512 8,518 967 13,317 4,313 12,452 2,855 2,883 87,169
Business receipts.............................. 931,055,315 3,426,772 16,373,002 68,858,403 40,037,930 152,191,353 232,630,290 19,499,553 71,639,619 106,282,223
Net income (less deficit).................... 121,126,936 -629,960 6,717,840 -220,262 2,605,478 9,847,500 3,814,619 2,406,473 -112,165 35,320,086
Net income........................................ 178,135,683 549,170 7,643,989 2,487,910 3,939,865 14,210,050 5,449,308 2,998,487 9,272,006 41,900,615
Deficit................................................ 57,008,747 1,179,129 926,149 2,708,172 1,334,388 4,362,550 1,634,689 592,014 9,384,171 6,580,529
LLC
Number of businesses...................... 946,130 25,569 10,879 1,236 70,873 20,528 72,610 15,366 16,335 75,095
Business receipts.............................. 1,015,708,912 10,954,796 22,657,433 69,866,341 88,678,195 211,254,425 226,946,222 25,812,666 51,045,277 50,216,070
Net income (less deficit).................... 48,626,175 -816,809 2,912,970 480,102 4,745,754 6,120,812 2,424,202 -817,928 -9,206,425 23,549,240
Net income........................................ 135,877,260 1,511,493 4,437,171 1,766,715 7,593,185 14,183,645 7,367,370 1,277,548 3,836,485 33,593,005
Deficit................................................ 87,251,084 2,328,303 1,524,201 1,286,613 2,847,431 8,062,833 4,943,168 2,095,477 13,042,910 10,043,765
Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships
Number of businesses............................ 18,925,517 304,757 109,851 6,913 2,278,208 310,319 2,629,167 949,446 223,398 647,338
Business receipts.................................... 1,029,691,760 14,795,915 6,332,751 145,838 168,481,326 23,475,114 214,914,931 54,882,098 6,469,180 76,355,733
Net income (less deficit).......................... 221,113,286 735,764 501,591 -15,063 28,091,981 2,681,496 12,142,732 7,655,096 1,237,526 15,666,392
Net income.............................................. 257,292,855 2,019,565 1,313,837 25,476 31,457,464 3,573,825 19,985,879 9,594,520 1,730,766 18,000,755
Deficit...................................................... 36,179,568 1,283,800 812,246 40,539 3,365,483 892,328 7,843,146 1,939,424 493,240 2,334,363
Footnotes at end of table.
- 44 -
PETSKA, PARISI, LUTTRELL, DAVITIAN, AND SCOFFIC
Table 3E.--Number of Businesses, Business Receipts, Net Income, and Deficit, by Form of Business and Industry,
Tax Year 2002--Continued
[All figures are estimates based on samples--money amounts are in thousands of dollars]
Administrative Religious,
Real estate Professional, Management and support Educational Health care Arts, Accommodation, Other grantmaking, Unclassified
Form of business, item and rental scientific, and of companies and waste services and social entertainment, food services, services civic, industries
and leasing technical (holding management assistance and recreation and drinking professional,
services companies) services places and similar
(11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21)
All Businesses
Number of businesses............................ 2,585,913 3,553,985 66,826 2,030,303 443,425 2,104,237 1,259,014 711,374 2,347,198 256,606 222,407
Business receipts.................................... 326,365,476 994,707,323 181,076,985 434,450,537 31,962,231 647,296,654 142,366,794 502,106,590 246,454,926 3,008,913 3,959,910
Net income (less deficit).......................... 88,486,346 108,603,239 93,713,668 21,559,264 2,497,018 71,897,581 5,026,449 8,914,092 19,504,855 1,767,093 1,519,038
Net income.............................................. 154,030,315 159,757,591 109,455,165 33,137,274 4,453,305 83,381,275 18,266,440 24,841,983 26,595,564 1,964,550 1,717,027
Deficit...................................................... 65,543,969 51,154,352 15,741,496 11,578,010 1,956,286 11,483,693 13,239,991 15,927,891 7,090,710 197,457 197,991
Corporations
Number of businesses............................ 570,639 736,005 48,053 231,412 41,317 334,305 110,609 271,527 321,134 N/A 7,620
Business receipts.................................... 205,206,751 651,992,903 170,514,329 338,209,323 24,509,009 448,427,967 72,674,159 372,418,853 159,401,281 N/A 128,244
Net income (less deficit)( ¹ ).................... 10,916,823 5,529,606 86,974,150 5,569,376 1,074,846 17,201,986 1,287,165 8,690,367 3,530,796 N/A -15,492
Net income.............................................. 27,306,140 45,588,917 97,401,257 13,923,247 1,920,404 24,207,526 5,595,830 16,130,502 7,260,820 N/A 25,814
Deficit...................................................... 16,389,317 40,059,312 10,427,107 8,353,871 845,557 7,005,539 4,308,665 7,440,134 3,730,024 N/A 41,308
C Corporations (
2
)
Number of businesses...................... 210,506 255,885 26,274 74,456 16,010 155,300 36,195 93,686 134,581 N/A 5,039
Business receipts.............................. 129,234,183 393,523,705 165,001,246 210,732,359 14,327,839 319,820,278 38,335,364 240,354,090 76,835,603 N/A 37,832
Net income (less deficit).................... -894,004 -19,657,410 80,499,994 -1,021,791 402,377 2,985,478 -441,061 4,628,666 140,666 N/A -7,815
Net income........................................ 9,450,869 14,936,926 89,169,833 5,647,487 969,788 8,441,367 1,603,174 8,696,227 2,209,287 N/A 10,737
Deficit................................................ 10,344,872 34,594,337 8,669,839 6,669,278 567,411 5,455,888 2,044,235 4,067,560 2,068,622 N/A 18,552
S Corporations
Number of businesses...................... 360,133 480,120 21,779 156,956 25,307 179,005 74,414 177,841 186,553 N/A 2,581
Business receipts.............................. 75,972,568 258,469,198 5,513,083 127,476,964 10,181,170 128,607,689 34,338,795 132,064,763 82,565,678 N/A 90,412
Total net income (less deficit)........... 11,810,827 25,187,016 6,474,156 6,591,167 672,469 14,216,508 1,728,226 4,061,701 3,390,130 N/A -7,677
Net income........................................ 17,855,271 30,651,991 8,231,424 8,275,760 950,616 15,766,159 3,992,656 7,434,275 5,051,533 N/A 15,077
Deficit................................................ 6,044,445 5,464,975 1,757,268 1,684,593 278,146 1,549,651 2,264,430 3,372,574 1,661,402 N/A 22,756
Partnerships
Number of businesses............................ 999,786 145,612 18,773 44,405 6,269 47,468 42,691 77,698 57,121 N/A 2,724
Business receipts.................................... 67,802,229 217,768,361 10,562,656 51,362,821 2,430,063 101,791,775 46,693,674 92,954,528 14,793,210 N/A 275,329
Net income (less deficit).......................... 54,988,398 54,436,614 6,739,518 3,671,249 -398,521 13,429,774 -1,828,953 -1,385,726 533,605 N/A 127,291
Net income.............................................. 102,101,478 61,011,977 12,053,908 5,008,766 369,900 16,601,502 4,209,000 5,532,794 1,598,305 N/A 161,634
Deficit...................................................... 47,113,080 6,575,362 5,314,389 1,337,517 768,421 3,171,728 6,037,953 6,918,520 1,064,700 N/A 34,343
General (
3
)
Number of businesses...................... 330,998 51,653 3,166 18,402 1,706 14,200 17,740 27,750 32,421 N/A 2,114
Business receipts.............................. 8,961,887 58,420,546 1,215,411 5,515,365 245,495 18,304,199 15,373,595 14,984,086 4,799,322 N/A 221,085
Net income (less deficit).................... 18,639,017 21,822,755 1,989,804 595,616 34,903 4,718,857 829,393 513,055 538,678 N/A 19,587
Net income........................................ 23,063,746 23,018,322 3,150,819 731,826 41,553 4,900,516 1,799,920 1,178,681 727,927 N/A 40,968
Deficit................................................ 4,424,728 1,195,567 1,161,016 136,210 6,650 181,659 970,527 665,686 189,250 N/A 21,381
Limited (
4
)
Number of businesses...................... 246,080 20,392 5,780 4,795 451 8,405 4,238 11,400 3,125 N/A 90
Business receipts.............................. 21,445,241 100,612,413 1,895,174 11,695,703 348,590 37,776,105 12,460,189 31,890,243 1,992,512 N/A --
Net income (less deficit).................... 25,647,581 27,214,119 2,600,821 1,148,316 -354,503 4,718,795 -281,642 503,639 60,922 N/A 119,281
Net income........................................ 46,905,081 28,159,530 3,848,931 1,279,723 107,709 5,582,047 1,201,222 2,238,646 241,963 N/A 119,430
Deficit................................................ 21,257,501 945,411 1,248,110 131,407 462,213 863,252 1,482,864 1,735,007 181,041 N/A 149
LLC
Number of businesses...................... 422,708 73,567 9,826 21,208 4,112 24,863 20,713 38,548 21,574 N/A 520
Business receipts.............................. 37,395,101 58,735,402 7,452,071 34,151,754 1,835,978 45,711,471 18,859,890 46,080,199 8,001,376 N/A 54,244
Net income (less deficit).................... 10,701,800 5,399,740 2,148,894 1,927,317 -78,921 3,992,121 -2,376,704 -2,402,420 -65,994 N/A -11,577
Net income........................................ 32,132,652 9,834,125 5,054,157 2,997,217 220,637 6,118,939 1,207,858 2,115,407 628,415 N/A 1,235
Deficit................................................ 21,430,851 4,434,385 2,905,263 1,069,900 299,558 2,126,817 3,584,562 4,517,827 694,409 N/A 12,812
Nonfarm Sole Proprietorships
Number of businesses............................ 1,015,488 2,672,368 N/A 1,754,486 395,839 1,722,464 1,105,714 362,149 1,968,943 256,606 212,063
Business receipts.................................... 53,356,496 124,946,059 N/A 44,878,393 5,023,159 97,076,912 22,998,961 36,733,209 72,260,435 3,008,913 3,556,337
Net income (less deficit).......................... 22,581,125 48,637,019 N/A 12,318,639 1,820,693 41,265,821 5,568,237 1,609,451 15,440,454 1,767,093 1,407,239
Net income.............................................. 24,622,697 53,156,697 N/A 14,205,261 2,163,001 42,572,247 8,461,610 3,178,687 17,736,439 1,964,550 1,529,579
Deficit...................................................... 2,041,572 4,519,678 N/A 1,886,622 342,308 1,306,426 2,893,373 1,569,237 2,295,986 197,457 122,340
N/A - not applicable.
1
Total Corporation "Net income (less deficit)" includes "Total net income (less deficit)" from S Corporations and is more comprehensive than what SOI generally publishes.
2
For this table, the computations for C Corporations also include 1120-RIC and 1120-REIT returns.
2
For Tax Year 2002 General Partnerships include partnerships listed on the tax return as General, Foreign, Other and blank.
3
For Tax Year 2002 Limited Partnerships include Domestic Limited Partnerships and Domestic Limited Liability Partnerships.
NOTE: Detail may not add to total because of rounding.

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