Logistics and Supply Chain Management

Description
Logistics and Supply Chain Management

LOGISTICS & SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT
(IN 21ST CENTURY)
Logistics management refers to creating (designing, developing, producing) and operating an integrated system which responds to customer expectations by making available required quantity of required quality

products and services as and
place & speed) at the least possible

when required (Time, costs.

EVOLUTION OF LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT
Period Logistics Evolution Era

Till1950s Independent Business Function
1960s 1980s 1990s Limited Internal integration Fully Internally Integrated Function Externally integrated Function

2000+

IT integrated process function

INDEPENDENT BUSINESS FUNCTION ERA (TILL 1950S)

Long history of application in wars but no formal concepts or theory for business existed. Post war-large demands and acute shortages of products Mindset-Increased capacities and high volume production Main object- maximize profit by volume sales Role of logistics limited to warehousing & transportation of raw materials and finished products. “Production Focus”

INDEPENDENT FUNCTIONAL STRUCTURE

Chief Executive

Manufacturing -Prod. scheduling -Plant location -RM purchases -Factory transport -Inventory mgmt. -Packaging -Work in process

Sales & Marketing

Finance &Control

-Sales forecasting -Depot locations and operations -Depot stock levels -Delivery transports -Distribution channels

-Order processing -Use of computers -Credit controls -Investments in inventories -Operational research

LIMITED INTERNAL INTEGRATION ERA (1960-70S)
Recession of 1958 Plentiful of products, very sluggish demand, severe price competition Business focus- price based competition and cost controls Limited Internal Integration of-

Materials Management and Distribution Management. “Focus: Cost Control”

LIMITED INTERNALLY INTEGRATED FUNCTIONAL STRUCTURE
Chief Executive Manufacturing -Prod. scheduling -Industrial Eng. -in-plant storage Sales & Marketing -Sales forecasting -Sales operations -Market Intelligence Finance &Control -Credit controls -Facility planning -Budgeting

Materials Management -Material req. planning -Procurement, purchase -Warehousing -RM inventory -In-bound transport

Distribution Management -Out-bound transport -Fin. goods stocks -order processing -Distrib. warehousing

FULLY INTERNALLY INTEGRATED FUNCTIONAL ERA(1980S)
OPEC embargo-steep increase in oil price Sharp increase in transport costs-reduced profitability Very high inflation- significant increase in interest rates Gradual change in economic structure- multinational operations Pressure for increased internal efficiencies

FULLY INTERNALLY INTEGRATED FUNCTIONAL ERA(1980S)..CONTD
Business need- maximize profitable sales volume and cost reduction Major development- Integrated logistics management i.e. Materials

Management, Production Management and Distribution Management
Main Focus- increased productivity, profitability

“ Focus: Internal Efficiencies”

FULLY INTERNALLY INTEGRATED FUNCTIONAL STRUCTURE(1980S)

EXTERNALLY INTEGRATED FUNCTIONAL ERA (1990S)
Rapid privatization, Liberalization and globalization Business scenario becomes still more competitive New pattern for survival- provide most value at least cost Rapid technology development, many new concepts developed- TQM,MRP,DRP, JIT, 3PL & 4PL Major thrust of era- Core Competence and high degree of specialization Do what you can do the best and outsource the rest “ Focus” Core Competencies”

IT INTEGRATED FUNCTIONAL ERA(2000+) (VIRTUAL ORGANIZATION ERA)
Major developments in Information technology Real time and high speed communications becoming common Web based transaction becoming common Supplier, manufacture, seller and customer can make transactions simultaneously on a real time basis E-commerce, VMI, Zero Inventory and many other developments

IT INTEGRATED FUNCTIONAL STRUCTURE

IT INTEGRATED PROCESS STRUCTURE Chief Executive
Logistics Executive

Multi-discipline Logistics Management Team Transaction Management foundation Software
Supplier Relationship Management (SRM)
-Source -Negotiate -Buy -supply collabortn. -Design collaboratn.

Internal Logistics Management (ILM)

Custom Relationship Management (CRM)
-Call centre -Marketing -Selling -Order Management -Customer service

-Strategic
Planning -Demand and supply Planning -Fulfillment -Field service

LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT
OVERVIEW
Retail Chain Outlets
Products based SCM-Supply Chain Mgmt industries Mfg & distribution Electronic & M business Ten Elements Of Logistics Media, Entertainment &Music Service Based SDM-Services delivery Mgmt Industries

Travel, Tourism, leisure & Event Mgmt

BPO, KPO & Fin. Services
Repairs, Maint.& Post sales services

Export & Import business

ISCM /Global SCM

International Trade Operations

Logistics Managing Logistics change Admin

Motivation, Training, coordin.

TEN BASIC ELEMENTS OF LOGISTICS
Information Systems Forecasting Inventory

Warehousing &Distribution Centres
Material Handling Systems Transportation Protective Packaging Order Processing Purchasing & Sourcing Supply Chain Design

LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT
(IN 21ST CENTURY)
Logistics management refers to creating

(designing, developing,

producing) and operating an integrated system which responds to customer
expectations by making available required quantity of required quality

products and services as and when required (Time,
place & speed) at the least possible costs.
(Value Chain; Value Engineering; Business process Engineering; products, funds and
information flows; paradigm shift in the way business is done)

WHAT IS A SUPPLY CHAIN?

P&G or other manufacturer

Jewel or third party DC

Jewel Supermarket

Customer wants detergent and goes to Jewel

Plastic Producer

Tenneco Packaging

Chemical manufacturer (e.g. Oil Company)

Chemical manufacturer (e.g. Oil Company)

Paper Manufacturer

Timber Industry

FLOWS IN A SUPPLY CHAIN

Information Product

Customer
Funds



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