Description
ISO 14001 standard given for the companies which adopt best environmental practices. It includes various terminologies used in environment management system, various components of ISO 14001.
Preventing Environmental Pollution
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
Growing cost of compliance The cost of breaking the law The polluting enterprise is more vulnerable to changes in environmental legislation Polluters will increasingly find it difficult to obtain finance and insurance cover The polluting enterprise will find it harder to attract and retain talent The polluting enterprise can be attacked as being anti social and uncaring The polluting enterprise can find itself left behind by competitors which adopt greener products and processes Organisations which do not have environmental quality certification, may not qualify for international projects.
Environmental Management system
The organizations need to demonstrate their CSR (Corp Social Responsibility) that includes concern for environment. As a first step towards the goals for environmental concerns is to establish an Environmental Management System (EMS). EMS is not very much different from the general management. EMS is a formal system concerned with managing the aspects of company’s activities, products and services that have or could have an impact on the environment. EMS is to be adopted as a strategy by the enterprise for meeting the expectations of society for Sustainable Development. EMS takes cognisance of nature, not infintum but nature finitum. The nature has been providing sustenance and protection to living creatures including human, but nature now is in need of protection from human. It is essential that relationship between natural resources and the activities of the company must be recognized at every level.
Environment A. Non-living or Physical component or Abiotic component B. Living or Biological or Biotic component
A. Non-living or Physical or Abiotic component
a. Atmosphere (Air)
Region Altitude Range (Km)
0 - 11
Temp. Range (Cent)
15 to -56
Important chemical species
Troposphere
Nitrogen, Oxygen, Water vapour, Carbon dioxide and other. Ozone Oxygen, Nitric oxides Oxygen, Nitric oxides
Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphe
11 - 50 50 - 85 85 - 500
- 56 to - 2 - 2 to - 92 - 92 to 1200
b. Hydrosphere (Water) • Consists of surface, ground and oceanic waters. • 70% of earth’s surface is water. 70% of our body weight is •
•
•
• •
also water. Water is a medium of all biochemical reactions in plants and animals. The waters of the oceans have an almost uniform composition. Nearly 80 elements occur in sea water, which can be source for their extraction in future. At present, salt, magnesium and its compound and bromine are produced from sea water. Clean water for drinking (a metabolic requirement of all living process). Water for washing, cooking, in agriculture, industry, for creating hydro power. Food resources from sea. Around 3% of water is in extreme locations incl glaciers.
c. • • • • •
•
Lithosphere (Land) Stone, sand, gravel used in construction Soil, the basis of agriculture to provide food. Micronutrients in soil, essential for plant growth A large no. of minerals on which industries are based Microscopic flora, smallsoil fauna, and fungi in soil important living organisms of the lithosphere, which breaks down plant litter as well as animal wastes to provide nutrients for plants. Oil, Coal and Gas extracted from underground sources, it provides power to vehicles, agriculture machinery, industry, and for our homes.
Lithosphere begin as a hot ball of matter which formed the earth about 4.6 billion years ago. About 3.2 billion years ago, the Earth cooled down considerably and very special event took place – life began on our planet.
B. Biosphere
•
Plants
•
•
Microbes
Animals incl Mankind
“All living organisms have equal right to live on this earth.”
The top management of the organization has to take a decision whether to install EMS. This decision or commitment of the top management would be based on many considerations including the primary aim of financial gain or loss. EMS refers to system for managing an organization’s environmental programs in a formal, comprehensive, systematic, planned and documented manner. It embraces organizational structure, planning, and resources for developing, implementing and maintaining the policy for protection of environment. Thus it has to have : 1. Commitment of top management 2. Written objectives for EMS 3. Benefits of EMS 4. Relevant legal requirements 5. Documented or written procedures involving processes/ procedures so that those officers/ employees who are involved in the EMS follow the standard procedures.
6. Assigning responsibilities to employees to ensure that everyone knows who is to do what. 7. Environmental audit to know the environmental aspect and impacts of company’s activities and to have EMS assessed and certified by an independent certifier to demonstrate that system conforms to relevant standard; in other words to obtain ISO 14001. Terminology used in EMS
•
ENVIRONMENT It means surrounding in which any organization or living system operates. It includes natural physical entities like air, water, land and its resources, human beings, plants (flora), animals (fauna) and their interrelationships.
•
•
ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECT It means organization’s activities, services and products which interact with the environment. For example, packaging process of a manufacturing unit is an environmental aspect. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT A change in environment, wholly or partially resulting from an organizations activities, services or products (aspect) is referred to as Environmental Impact. As stated above packaging is an aspect but the waste in this process is an impact. Usually impacts are harmful; sometimes impacts can be beneficial as for example programs protect wildlife.
Those responsible for EMS, must be able to identify both existing as well as potential impacts.
For identifying impacts, following environmental aspects must be known : i. Emissions ii. Effluent discharges iii. Consumption or reuse of material iv. Noise For example: Aspects for plying of vehicles include; a. Use of engine oil b. Emission to air
The impact for a. is used oil and its disposal The impact for b. is pollution of air and its control
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA)
EIA refers to review of potential impact of a project to be launched by an organization. It includes: Assessment of existing environmental status Analysis of various factors of ecosystem like trees, ponds, wildlife etc iii. Analysis of adverse impacts of the project that is to be started. iv. Impact on people in the neighbourhood.
i. ii.
CERTIFICATION BODY It is an independent organization which verifies that a company’s EMS conforms to specific standard such as ISO 14001. Such a body is called certifier. If the system conforms to standard, the company will be awarded a certificate. It is advisable to select a certification body which has been accredited by government agency or other impartial organization with credibility. WHY EMS? The most common motives for adopting a formal EMS are the following : 1. It is the statutory requirement and the firms want to avoid prosecution. A manager today in any firm can not afford to be unaware of increasing complexities of environmental legislation. In case of non compliance, not only the company has to pay penalties but also would invite adverse publicity. Of course, it would depend how far a
company is committed, concerned or even proactive in regard to environmental issues. There may be managers who would focus on legal requirements and would show little interest in taking other initiatives which are very important but may not be legal requirements. (ex. Installation of FGD by Tata Power) 2. In developed countries, improved environmental performance is becoming a popular theme for enhancing the image of the company. 3. The demand of various stakeholders especially the key clients puts pressure for installing a formal EMS. Also, in a supply chain, retailers face the consumers and their anger if the product is not up to their expectations in terms of quality and the environmental issues. The retailers would pass on the pressure to the suppliers in the chain asking them to rectify or improve concerns vis-à-vis environment.
The service industry or financial services sector is also affected by environment issues and it is in its interest to be concerned about EMS. It is in interest of the supplier in the supply chain that they develop policies to protect themselves from financial penalties that may arise from environmental damage or pollution and thus ensure good performance of their investments. Certification for EMS • By external party • International standard called ISO 14001 • European union’s EMAS (Eco-management and Audit system • British standard for environment BS 7750 The agencies that certify, are third party certifiers. They are Independent.
ISO 14000
The international standard organization (ISO) took up the responsibility for drawing up a new environmental standard Series ISO 14000 with the help of Technical Committee TC 207. India is a member of TC 207. Bureau of Indian standard (BIS) represents India in this committee. This committee works through sub-committees each on : • Environmental Management System • Environmental Auditing • Environmental Laballing • Environmental Evaluation • Life Cycle Assessment • Definitions and Terminology. ISO 14000 is the response of the industry to interest in sustainable development precipitated by Rio, 1992. ISO created 14000 in collaboration with the national governments of many countries i.e. with their national standard agencies.
Most of the collaboration was from the countries of the north with a few exceptions from the developing world. ISO was originally established by a group of nations to facilitate international trade, therefore the ISO standard creation is open to members of this group, i.e. standard setting bodies of these nations.
ISO 14000 (Series) – The Basic Principles
ISO 14000 series was approved by European Commission through the recommendation of CEN (Comite European de Normalisation) which is EU’s Standardisation body. ISO 14001 is derived from ISO quality standard, 9000 but it is broader in scope than quality standards because environmental issues are larger issues affecting the nation’s and the world’s resources and living conditions. Further, it requires organisation to be concerned with everything from raw materials to end products as it reaches the consumer and its final disposal – a life cycle analysis approach.
ISO 14001 is not a guarantee of excellence in environmental performance but it is an assurance that organisation has an EMS that manages its environmental issues. An organisation may like to upgrade from ISO 14001 to EMAS which is open to public. ISO 14000 enables an organisation’s EMS to :
1. Formulate and define policy and objectives in this regard
2. To formulate a plan to implement the policy and objectives
3. To develop the capabilities and support system to achieve the implementation of policy objectives
4. To monitor and evaluate environmental performance 5. To review the EMS for continuous improvement
Five components of ISO 14001:
A. Environmental policy
B. Planning
C. Implementation
D. Monitoring and Evaluation
E. Review
Thank you
doc_662220334.pptx
ISO 14001 standard given for the companies which adopt best environmental practices. It includes various terminologies used in environment management system, various components of ISO 14001.
Preventing Environmental Pollution
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
Growing cost of compliance The cost of breaking the law The polluting enterprise is more vulnerable to changes in environmental legislation Polluters will increasingly find it difficult to obtain finance and insurance cover The polluting enterprise will find it harder to attract and retain talent The polluting enterprise can be attacked as being anti social and uncaring The polluting enterprise can find itself left behind by competitors which adopt greener products and processes Organisations which do not have environmental quality certification, may not qualify for international projects.
Environmental Management system
The organizations need to demonstrate their CSR (Corp Social Responsibility) that includes concern for environment. As a first step towards the goals for environmental concerns is to establish an Environmental Management System (EMS). EMS is not very much different from the general management. EMS is a formal system concerned with managing the aspects of company’s activities, products and services that have or could have an impact on the environment. EMS is to be adopted as a strategy by the enterprise for meeting the expectations of society for Sustainable Development. EMS takes cognisance of nature, not infintum but nature finitum. The nature has been providing sustenance and protection to living creatures including human, but nature now is in need of protection from human. It is essential that relationship between natural resources and the activities of the company must be recognized at every level.
Environment A. Non-living or Physical component or Abiotic component B. Living or Biological or Biotic component
A. Non-living or Physical or Abiotic component
a. Atmosphere (Air)
Region Altitude Range (Km)
0 - 11
Temp. Range (Cent)
15 to -56
Important chemical species
Troposphere
Nitrogen, Oxygen, Water vapour, Carbon dioxide and other. Ozone Oxygen, Nitric oxides Oxygen, Nitric oxides
Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphe
11 - 50 50 - 85 85 - 500
- 56 to - 2 - 2 to - 92 - 92 to 1200
b. Hydrosphere (Water) • Consists of surface, ground and oceanic waters. • 70% of earth’s surface is water. 70% of our body weight is •
•
•
• •
also water. Water is a medium of all biochemical reactions in plants and animals. The waters of the oceans have an almost uniform composition. Nearly 80 elements occur in sea water, which can be source for their extraction in future. At present, salt, magnesium and its compound and bromine are produced from sea water. Clean water for drinking (a metabolic requirement of all living process). Water for washing, cooking, in agriculture, industry, for creating hydro power. Food resources from sea. Around 3% of water is in extreme locations incl glaciers.
c. • • • • •
•
Lithosphere (Land) Stone, sand, gravel used in construction Soil, the basis of agriculture to provide food. Micronutrients in soil, essential for plant growth A large no. of minerals on which industries are based Microscopic flora, smallsoil fauna, and fungi in soil important living organisms of the lithosphere, which breaks down plant litter as well as animal wastes to provide nutrients for plants. Oil, Coal and Gas extracted from underground sources, it provides power to vehicles, agriculture machinery, industry, and for our homes.
Lithosphere begin as a hot ball of matter which formed the earth about 4.6 billion years ago. About 3.2 billion years ago, the Earth cooled down considerably and very special event took place – life began on our planet.
B. Biosphere
•
Plants
•
•
Microbes
Animals incl Mankind
“All living organisms have equal right to live on this earth.”
The top management of the organization has to take a decision whether to install EMS. This decision or commitment of the top management would be based on many considerations including the primary aim of financial gain or loss. EMS refers to system for managing an organization’s environmental programs in a formal, comprehensive, systematic, planned and documented manner. It embraces organizational structure, planning, and resources for developing, implementing and maintaining the policy for protection of environment. Thus it has to have : 1. Commitment of top management 2. Written objectives for EMS 3. Benefits of EMS 4. Relevant legal requirements 5. Documented or written procedures involving processes/ procedures so that those officers/ employees who are involved in the EMS follow the standard procedures.
6. Assigning responsibilities to employees to ensure that everyone knows who is to do what. 7. Environmental audit to know the environmental aspect and impacts of company’s activities and to have EMS assessed and certified by an independent certifier to demonstrate that system conforms to relevant standard; in other words to obtain ISO 14001. Terminology used in EMS
•
ENVIRONMENT It means surrounding in which any organization or living system operates. It includes natural physical entities like air, water, land and its resources, human beings, plants (flora), animals (fauna) and their interrelationships.
•
•
ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECT It means organization’s activities, services and products which interact with the environment. For example, packaging process of a manufacturing unit is an environmental aspect. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT A change in environment, wholly or partially resulting from an organizations activities, services or products (aspect) is referred to as Environmental Impact. As stated above packaging is an aspect but the waste in this process is an impact. Usually impacts are harmful; sometimes impacts can be beneficial as for example programs protect wildlife.
Those responsible for EMS, must be able to identify both existing as well as potential impacts.
For identifying impacts, following environmental aspects must be known : i. Emissions ii. Effluent discharges iii. Consumption or reuse of material iv. Noise For example: Aspects for plying of vehicles include; a. Use of engine oil b. Emission to air
The impact for a. is used oil and its disposal The impact for b. is pollution of air and its control
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA)
EIA refers to review of potential impact of a project to be launched by an organization. It includes: Assessment of existing environmental status Analysis of various factors of ecosystem like trees, ponds, wildlife etc iii. Analysis of adverse impacts of the project that is to be started. iv. Impact on people in the neighbourhood.
i. ii.
CERTIFICATION BODY It is an independent organization which verifies that a company’s EMS conforms to specific standard such as ISO 14001. Such a body is called certifier. If the system conforms to standard, the company will be awarded a certificate. It is advisable to select a certification body which has been accredited by government agency or other impartial organization with credibility. WHY EMS? The most common motives for adopting a formal EMS are the following : 1. It is the statutory requirement and the firms want to avoid prosecution. A manager today in any firm can not afford to be unaware of increasing complexities of environmental legislation. In case of non compliance, not only the company has to pay penalties but also would invite adverse publicity. Of course, it would depend how far a
company is committed, concerned or even proactive in regard to environmental issues. There may be managers who would focus on legal requirements and would show little interest in taking other initiatives which are very important but may not be legal requirements. (ex. Installation of FGD by Tata Power) 2. In developed countries, improved environmental performance is becoming a popular theme for enhancing the image of the company. 3. The demand of various stakeholders especially the key clients puts pressure for installing a formal EMS. Also, in a supply chain, retailers face the consumers and their anger if the product is not up to their expectations in terms of quality and the environmental issues. The retailers would pass on the pressure to the suppliers in the chain asking them to rectify or improve concerns vis-à-vis environment.
The service industry or financial services sector is also affected by environment issues and it is in its interest to be concerned about EMS. It is in interest of the supplier in the supply chain that they develop policies to protect themselves from financial penalties that may arise from environmental damage or pollution and thus ensure good performance of their investments. Certification for EMS • By external party • International standard called ISO 14001 • European union’s EMAS (Eco-management and Audit system • British standard for environment BS 7750 The agencies that certify, are third party certifiers. They are Independent.
ISO 14000
The international standard organization (ISO) took up the responsibility for drawing up a new environmental standard Series ISO 14000 with the help of Technical Committee TC 207. India is a member of TC 207. Bureau of Indian standard (BIS) represents India in this committee. This committee works through sub-committees each on : • Environmental Management System • Environmental Auditing • Environmental Laballing • Environmental Evaluation • Life Cycle Assessment • Definitions and Terminology. ISO 14000 is the response of the industry to interest in sustainable development precipitated by Rio, 1992. ISO created 14000 in collaboration with the national governments of many countries i.e. with their national standard agencies.
Most of the collaboration was from the countries of the north with a few exceptions from the developing world. ISO was originally established by a group of nations to facilitate international trade, therefore the ISO standard creation is open to members of this group, i.e. standard setting bodies of these nations.
ISO 14000 (Series) – The Basic Principles
ISO 14000 series was approved by European Commission through the recommendation of CEN (Comite European de Normalisation) which is EU’s Standardisation body. ISO 14001 is derived from ISO quality standard, 9000 but it is broader in scope than quality standards because environmental issues are larger issues affecting the nation’s and the world’s resources and living conditions. Further, it requires organisation to be concerned with everything from raw materials to end products as it reaches the consumer and its final disposal – a life cycle analysis approach.
ISO 14001 is not a guarantee of excellence in environmental performance but it is an assurance that organisation has an EMS that manages its environmental issues. An organisation may like to upgrade from ISO 14001 to EMAS which is open to public. ISO 14000 enables an organisation’s EMS to :
1. Formulate and define policy and objectives in this regard
2. To formulate a plan to implement the policy and objectives
3. To develop the capabilities and support system to achieve the implementation of policy objectives
4. To monitor and evaluate environmental performance 5. To review the EMS for continuous improvement
Five components of ISO 14001:
A. Environmental policy
B. Planning
C. Implementation
D. Monitoring and Evaluation
E. Review
Thank you
doc_662220334.pptx