Description
how and why alzheimer's and dementia disease affect older adults.txt
2011
Lahore pakistan Zarmina siraj ul haq
[DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY]
This paper includes How and Why Alzheimer's and Demen-tia Disease Affect Older Adults
How and Why Alzheimer's and Dementia Disease Affect Older Adults
Synopsis
1. What is dementia? 2. Common types of Dementia
3. Symptoms and Signs of Dementia 4. Illness In Body: Signs of Dementia
5. What is Alzheimer? 6. Difference Between Alzheimer And Dementia
7. Symptoms of Alzheimer 8. Why Alzheimer's And Dementia Disease Affect Older Adults
9. Conclusion 10. Reference
2
What is dementia?
The word Dementia is originated from word de which means "apart" and the word mentis which means "mind". Dementia is the progressive degradation in cognitive function of human body especially the ability to thought (intelligence).in other words we can say the dementia is associated with brain hiccup due to creation of extra protein in brain cells.
Common Types of Dementia
There are as more as 50 types of dementia discovered till now. The most commonly observed are:
1: Alzheimer 2: Vascular Dementia 3: Lewy body Dementia 4: Frontal lobe Dementia:
Alzheimer is caused due to presence of abnormal protein in brain, which interferes with proper functioning of brain by destroying the way in which the brain cells communicate with eachother.it is not known why the abnormal protein appears. About 60% persons having dementia have Alzheimer. Vascular Dementia is caused due to hardening of blood vessels of brain, which causes poor blood flow to brain and cause damage to or death of brain cell. About 20% people having dementia probably have vascular dementia.alzheimer and dementia sometimes both can occur in same person and this can be worse. Lewy body Dementia is caused because of abnormal protein deposition between nerve cells; it is somehow similar to Alzheimer but not Alzheimer.15% of people has Lewy body Dementia. Frontal lobe Dementia it is caused due to shrinkage of specific cells in the frontal part of brain it causes change in person personality and behavior they behave wiered.5% of people having dementia found having Frontal lobe Dementia.
3
Symptoms and Signs of Dementia:
Symptoms and Signs of Dementia
There are three main symptoms of Dementia: 1. Loss of memory and higher brain funtioning.eg, carrying out complex tasks, driving, doing cross word, planning activities. 2. Psychiatric symptoms, behavioral disturbance. 3. Activities of daily living it occurs in all persons with Alzheimer disease, it is often the first symptom gradually gets worse. After others notice someone memory loss first, it may be that someone forgets birthday or an anniversary or begins to forget appointments. Off course these can be normal experience, particularly when people get older, but if they are severe and most importantly if they get worse over time, that is suggestive, someone may have a dementia.
Signs of Dementia
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Memory loss Forgetfulness Disorientation to time and place Personality changes Problems shopping and using telephones Difficulty dressing and washing Hallucination Delusion Depression
Illness in Body: Signs of Dementia
4
Most important and noteworthy signs of dementia are illness in rest of body. There are number of illness that appears to affect the brain in ways that can cause symptoms similar to dementia. People who have an underactive thyroid gland can have problems with poor concentration and poor memory. Often there are signs of underactive thyroid such as; tiredness, dislike of cold wether,weight gain,thinig of hairs or sometimes enlargement of thyroid gland, A goiter. At can be detected by simple blood test and replacement treatment with hormone is easily given in form of tablet. People who have particular deficiencies of certain vitamins can also have symptoms of Demetia;too little vitamin B12 and folic acid can give rise to symptoms of Dementia, particularly if deficiencies are very severe.
What is Alzheimer?
Alzheimer is a type of Dementia, it is named after Dr alois Alzheimer a neurologist(1864-1915) who in 1906 observed changes In brain tissues of a women in her 50¶s called auguste D,who had died what was thought to be an unusual mental illness. The abnormal brain tissues changes are now known to be the characteristic features of Alzheimer diseases. µAlzheimer is a kind of dementia in which the patient begins to forget and memory loss is commonly experienced among them.¶
Difference Dementia
between
Alzheimer
and
5
The term dementia is usually used to describe various disorders of brain. Alzheimer is a type of dementia. In other words Dementia is classified name for brain related disorders that involves forgetfulness and memory loss and Alzheimer is one of Dementia types.
Symptoms of Alzheimer
People suffering from Alzheimer begin to lose their sense of time and place. A major symptom is that they forget things that they have said or done. their memory for past events to some extent remain clear for a time. As the disease progress people become un-aware of their condition and they may still experience distress. They find increasingly difficult in performing daily tasks. Then gradually it becomes difficult and impossible to perform even the simplest every day tasks, including washing, eating, dressing, without supervision. Some serious behavioral problems begin to occur. The disease may remain for 5-10 years and do not tends to eventual cause of death. Commonly a person that has Alzheimer disease for many years before dying he found suffering from something else, such as infection or a stroke.
Why Alzheimer's and Dementia Disease Affect Older Adults
This is not a medically proof that Dementia or Alzheimer only affect people with older age only. It may occur in younger age. As a matter of fact as people grow old their brain cell becomes weak and as dementia¶s hit the weak brains so cases in old age occurs mostly. But Dementia and Alzheimer can affect people of any age. Including age there are many other reasons of memory loss problems. As people grow old, many are aware that their memory is not as good as used to be. Often this is just a part of normal aging and is not dementia. There
6
are many other reasons that causes symptoms that may be mistaken dementia including deafness, and depression, short periods of confusion may occur for other reasons, such as chest infection, heart problems, some times after some major surgeries. Sometimes some medicines may also tend to make some old people confuse.fot these reasons it is a good idea for every body that has problems with their memory to be seen by a doctor. An early onset of dementia is something that occurs in early 65.it is found to run in families. If grand parents have it person in family have more chances to develop early onset of disease. As it is already mentioned that it affect both younger and older peoples. But it is very rare in young people, but becomes common with increasing age. It can affect people as young as 30 but this is very rare.upto the age of 65 Alzheimer disease develops in only about 1 person in 1000.in older people, the disease becomes more common, affecting around 3 people in 100 in age of 65.over the age of 80, this figure rises to between 15 per 100.the number of people who currently have Alzheimer disease in UK apprx 400000 and further others have 300000 have other form of dementia. These numbers are increasing. Although this is very odd to say but now a days people are living longer and reaching age at which the risk of developing Alzheimer diseases increased. This is an important area of current research, but at present time a great deal still remains to be discovered about why people develop Alzheimer disease? We know Alzheimer becomes more common with increasing age but we don¶t know what factor trigger the characteristics changes that occur in brain tissue people who have this disease. We do know, these brain changes are not part of normal aging process. In some cases the changes occur at a relatively early age. Genes are thought to play a part in development of most of Alzheimer disease, much more common genes are believed only contribute to a person¶s susceptibility to the disease, which is no doubt present in older people mostly.
7
Sometimes dietary and hormones deficiency may contribute to the development of Alzheimer disease; people with old age are continuous dictum of these deficiencies. Recent research that has been focused on genes reveals that a protein called APOLIPO protein (APO_E) causing Alzheimer. Almost All people carry two of these APO_E genes, which regulate cholesterol in the blood. There are 3 major types of APO_E i.e.E2, E3.E4. Each person inherits an APO_E gene from each parent; it has been seen that people who carry two APO_E genes have higher risk of developing Alzheimer.
Conclusion
Dementia isn¶t a disease that affects the geriatric population. Any one a t any age can be affected by the dementia and Alzheimer. The elderly aren¶t only to be affected by the dementia and Alzheimer. There are many types of dementia that are not related to old age.
8
Reference:
y Alzheimer disease and memory loss explianed:a guide for patient and carers by alistair S burn,jane winter;page 50-51-52 y Alzheimer and other dementias by harry cayton;page 18-20-21 y Dementia:alzheimer and other dementais;the¶at your finger tips guide¶ by harry cyton page 184 y Understanding alzheimer disese by neal R cutler,jhon J sramek;page xiv y What really cause alzheimer disease by harold D foster ;page 39(biochemical abnormalities)
9
doc_896478501.docx
how and why alzheimer's and dementia disease affect older adults.txt
2011
Lahore pakistan Zarmina siraj ul haq
[DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY]
This paper includes How and Why Alzheimer's and Demen-tia Disease Affect Older Adults
How and Why Alzheimer's and Dementia Disease Affect Older Adults
Synopsis
1. What is dementia? 2. Common types of Dementia
3. Symptoms and Signs of Dementia 4. Illness In Body: Signs of Dementia
5. What is Alzheimer? 6. Difference Between Alzheimer And Dementia
7. Symptoms of Alzheimer 8. Why Alzheimer's And Dementia Disease Affect Older Adults
9. Conclusion 10. Reference
2
What is dementia?
The word Dementia is originated from word de which means "apart" and the word mentis which means "mind". Dementia is the progressive degradation in cognitive function of human body especially the ability to thought (intelligence).in other words we can say the dementia is associated with brain hiccup due to creation of extra protein in brain cells.
Common Types of Dementia
There are as more as 50 types of dementia discovered till now. The most commonly observed are:
1: Alzheimer 2: Vascular Dementia 3: Lewy body Dementia 4: Frontal lobe Dementia:
Alzheimer is caused due to presence of abnormal protein in brain, which interferes with proper functioning of brain by destroying the way in which the brain cells communicate with eachother.it is not known why the abnormal protein appears. About 60% persons having dementia have Alzheimer. Vascular Dementia is caused due to hardening of blood vessels of brain, which causes poor blood flow to brain and cause damage to or death of brain cell. About 20% people having dementia probably have vascular dementia.alzheimer and dementia sometimes both can occur in same person and this can be worse. Lewy body Dementia is caused because of abnormal protein deposition between nerve cells; it is somehow similar to Alzheimer but not Alzheimer.15% of people has Lewy body Dementia. Frontal lobe Dementia it is caused due to shrinkage of specific cells in the frontal part of brain it causes change in person personality and behavior they behave wiered.5% of people having dementia found having Frontal lobe Dementia.
3
Symptoms and Signs of Dementia:
Symptoms and Signs of Dementia
There are three main symptoms of Dementia: 1. Loss of memory and higher brain funtioning.eg, carrying out complex tasks, driving, doing cross word, planning activities. 2. Psychiatric symptoms, behavioral disturbance. 3. Activities of daily living it occurs in all persons with Alzheimer disease, it is often the first symptom gradually gets worse. After others notice someone memory loss first, it may be that someone forgets birthday or an anniversary or begins to forget appointments. Off course these can be normal experience, particularly when people get older, but if they are severe and most importantly if they get worse over time, that is suggestive, someone may have a dementia.
Signs of Dementia
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Memory loss Forgetfulness Disorientation to time and place Personality changes Problems shopping and using telephones Difficulty dressing and washing Hallucination Delusion Depression
Illness in Body: Signs of Dementia
4
Most important and noteworthy signs of dementia are illness in rest of body. There are number of illness that appears to affect the brain in ways that can cause symptoms similar to dementia. People who have an underactive thyroid gland can have problems with poor concentration and poor memory. Often there are signs of underactive thyroid such as; tiredness, dislike of cold wether,weight gain,thinig of hairs or sometimes enlargement of thyroid gland, A goiter. At can be detected by simple blood test and replacement treatment with hormone is easily given in form of tablet. People who have particular deficiencies of certain vitamins can also have symptoms of Demetia;too little vitamin B12 and folic acid can give rise to symptoms of Dementia, particularly if deficiencies are very severe.
What is Alzheimer?
Alzheimer is a type of Dementia, it is named after Dr alois Alzheimer a neurologist(1864-1915) who in 1906 observed changes In brain tissues of a women in her 50¶s called auguste D,who had died what was thought to be an unusual mental illness. The abnormal brain tissues changes are now known to be the characteristic features of Alzheimer diseases. µAlzheimer is a kind of dementia in which the patient begins to forget and memory loss is commonly experienced among them.¶
Difference Dementia
between
Alzheimer
and
5
The term dementia is usually used to describe various disorders of brain. Alzheimer is a type of dementia. In other words Dementia is classified name for brain related disorders that involves forgetfulness and memory loss and Alzheimer is one of Dementia types.
Symptoms of Alzheimer
People suffering from Alzheimer begin to lose their sense of time and place. A major symptom is that they forget things that they have said or done. their memory for past events to some extent remain clear for a time. As the disease progress people become un-aware of their condition and they may still experience distress. They find increasingly difficult in performing daily tasks. Then gradually it becomes difficult and impossible to perform even the simplest every day tasks, including washing, eating, dressing, without supervision. Some serious behavioral problems begin to occur. The disease may remain for 5-10 years and do not tends to eventual cause of death. Commonly a person that has Alzheimer disease for many years before dying he found suffering from something else, such as infection or a stroke.
Why Alzheimer's and Dementia Disease Affect Older Adults
This is not a medically proof that Dementia or Alzheimer only affect people with older age only. It may occur in younger age. As a matter of fact as people grow old their brain cell becomes weak and as dementia¶s hit the weak brains so cases in old age occurs mostly. But Dementia and Alzheimer can affect people of any age. Including age there are many other reasons of memory loss problems. As people grow old, many are aware that their memory is not as good as used to be. Often this is just a part of normal aging and is not dementia. There
6
are many other reasons that causes symptoms that may be mistaken dementia including deafness, and depression, short periods of confusion may occur for other reasons, such as chest infection, heart problems, some times after some major surgeries. Sometimes some medicines may also tend to make some old people confuse.fot these reasons it is a good idea for every body that has problems with their memory to be seen by a doctor. An early onset of dementia is something that occurs in early 65.it is found to run in families. If grand parents have it person in family have more chances to develop early onset of disease. As it is already mentioned that it affect both younger and older peoples. But it is very rare in young people, but becomes common with increasing age. It can affect people as young as 30 but this is very rare.upto the age of 65 Alzheimer disease develops in only about 1 person in 1000.in older people, the disease becomes more common, affecting around 3 people in 100 in age of 65.over the age of 80, this figure rises to between 15 per 100.the number of people who currently have Alzheimer disease in UK apprx 400000 and further others have 300000 have other form of dementia. These numbers are increasing. Although this is very odd to say but now a days people are living longer and reaching age at which the risk of developing Alzheimer diseases increased. This is an important area of current research, but at present time a great deal still remains to be discovered about why people develop Alzheimer disease? We know Alzheimer becomes more common with increasing age but we don¶t know what factor trigger the characteristics changes that occur in brain tissue people who have this disease. We do know, these brain changes are not part of normal aging process. In some cases the changes occur at a relatively early age. Genes are thought to play a part in development of most of Alzheimer disease, much more common genes are believed only contribute to a person¶s susceptibility to the disease, which is no doubt present in older people mostly.
7
Sometimes dietary and hormones deficiency may contribute to the development of Alzheimer disease; people with old age are continuous dictum of these deficiencies. Recent research that has been focused on genes reveals that a protein called APOLIPO protein (APO_E) causing Alzheimer. Almost All people carry two of these APO_E genes, which regulate cholesterol in the blood. There are 3 major types of APO_E i.e.E2, E3.E4. Each person inherits an APO_E gene from each parent; it has been seen that people who carry two APO_E genes have higher risk of developing Alzheimer.
Conclusion
Dementia isn¶t a disease that affects the geriatric population. Any one a t any age can be affected by the dementia and Alzheimer. The elderly aren¶t only to be affected by the dementia and Alzheimer. There are many types of dementia that are not related to old age.
8
Reference:
y Alzheimer disease and memory loss explianed:a guide for patient and carers by alistair S burn,jane winter;page 50-51-52 y Alzheimer and other dementias by harry cayton;page 18-20-21 y Dementia:alzheimer and other dementais;the¶at your finger tips guide¶ by harry cyton page 184 y Understanding alzheimer disese by neal R cutler,jhon J sramek;page xiv y What really cause alzheimer disease by harold D foster ;page 39(biochemical abnormalities)
9
doc_896478501.docx