TARIFF BARRIERS v/s NON TARIFF BARRIERS:
I. Meaning:
Tariff barriers refer to duties and taxes imposed by the govt. on the goods imported from abroad.
Non tariff barriers are various quantitative and exchange control restrictions imposed in order to restrict imports.
II. Types...
First phase
During the period from 1950 to mid-1960s, the state had formulated a strategy based on planning and import substitution. During this era, public-sector employment and public-sector unionism rose phenomenally. Trade unions and bargaining structures were highly centralized...