Description
The textile industry is primarily concerned with the production of yarn, and cloth and the subsequent design or manufacture of clothing and their distribution. The raw material may be natural, or synthetic using products of the chemical industry.
A PROJECT REPORT ON “Production process of textile industries FOR ”
In the partial fulfillment of the requirement for M.B.A (Full Time)
Submitted By KANTISINH .J. VANJARA. Submitted To Prof. Nirav Dave (Internal Guide)a Mr. Yasin Hokabaj (External Guide) SARVODAY COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & TECHNOLOGY. LIMBDI
Affiliated with Saurashtra University Academic year 2008-09
PREFACE
The M.B.A programme is well structured and integrated course of business studies. The main objective of practical training at M.B.A level is to develop skill in student by supplement to the theoretical study of business management in general. Industrial training helps to gain real life knowledge about the industrial environment and business practices. The MBA programme provides student with a fundamental knowledge of business and organizational functions and activities, as well as an exposure to strategic thinking of management. In every professional course, training is an important factor. Profession gives me theoretical knowledge of various subjects in the college but they are practically exposed of such subjects when they get the training in the organization. It is only the training through which I come to know that what an industry is and how it works. I can learn about various departmental operations being performed in the industry, which would, in return, help me in the future when I will enter the practical field. Training is an integral part of MBA and each and every student has to undergo the training for 2 months in a company and then prepare a project report on the same after the completion of training. During this whole training I got a lot of experience and came to know about the management practices in real that how it differs from those of theoretical knowledge and the practically in the real life. In today's globalization world, where cut throat competition is prevailing in the market, theoretical knowledge is not sufficient. Beside this one need to have practical knowledge, which would help to individual in his/her carrier activities and it is true that "Experience is best teacher". Thus since the industrial training offer variety of advantages, the Saurashtra University offer such industrial training consist of interesting and purposeful visit of various department of industry like production, personnel, marketing, finance etc, It is thus, training programme is held for the taste of management application in industrial world.
2
COMPANY CERTIFICATE
3
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
A Project Report is never successfully completed without the guidance from appropriate person. So, now it is the right time to express my sincere gratitude towards all those, who have helped me to complete the project. I would like to thank our Director Yasin Hokabaj who has given me the opportunity. I am very much grateful to External Guide Mr. Sarfaraz Hokabaj and also the Internal Guide , whose guidance and support helped me to complete this project successfully, without their Guidance the work would never been completed. And I am greatly to all advisers who helped me knowingly or unknowingly for getting the information and taking interest in this report. I am also thankful to entire faculty and staff of SCOMT , LIMBDI without which this project would be not a successful one. Last but not the least I would like to appreciate my parents who have always motivated me directly and indirectly to do my work with utmost Dedication.
Place: LIMBDI Thanking You Date: [KANTISINH .J .VANJARA]
4
DECLARATION
I, Kantisinh. J. Vanjara hereby declare that the report on summer training and project work entitled “Production Process of Textile Industries ” Training at N.H.H. TEXTILE submitted to „SARVODAY COLLEGE OF
MANGEMENT & TECHNOLOGY ” is a result of my own work and my indebtedness to other work publications if any, have been duly acknowledged.
PLACE: LIMBDI DATE: KANTISINH J. VANJARA
5
TABLE OF CONTENT
SR.NO 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. PARTICULARS PREFACE COMPANY CERTIFICATE AKCNOWLEDGEMENT DECLARATION SCOPE OBJECTIVE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY INDUSTRIES PROFILE 8.1 – INTRODUCTION 8.2 – INDIAN TEXTILE INDUSTRIES 8.3 – HISTORY 8.4 – TEXTILE HISTORY OF VARIOUS COUNTRY 8.5 – SIGNIFICANCES OF INDUSTRIAL TEXTILE 8.6 – TEXTILE FABRICS 8.7 – TEXTILE TRADITION IN INDIA 8.8 – GROWTH OF TEXTILE INDUSTRIES 13 14 16 18 19 22 11 12 PAGE NO. 2 3 4 5 8 10 10
6
SR.NO 9.
PARTICULARS ORGANISATION PROFILE 9.1 – INTRODUCTION 9.2 – VISION 9.3 – QUALITY POLICY 9.4 – PRODUCTS 9.5 – MACHINE FOR MANUFATURING CLOTHES 9.6 – PROCESS OF COTTON 9.7 – PROCESS AFTER WASHING CLOTHES 9.8 – PRINTING
PAGE NO.
30 30 30 31 32
33 34 40 46 49 50 51 51 54 54 55
S 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.
9.9 – JOB IN TEXTILE ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE EMPLOYEES SUMMARY RESEACHER METHDOLOGY SWOT ANALYSIS LEARNIG / FINDING CONCLUSION BIBLIOGRAPHOY
7
SCOPE ORGANIZATION PROFILE
NAME: NHH TEXTILE PROCCESSOR. OPP. NEW DHOR BAZAR, DANI LIMDA, BHERAMPURA, AHMEDABAD -22 INDIA.
FORM:
CO-OPERATIVE SECTOR REGISTERED UNDER THECO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY ACT.
LOCATION:
NHH TEXTILE PROCCESSOR. OPP. NEW DHOR BAZAR, DANI LIMDA, BHERAMPURA, AHMEDABAD -22 INDIA.
REGISTRATION:
December, 1946
REG.OFFICE:
NHH TEXTILE PROCCESSOR.
8
OPP. NEW DHOR BAZAR, DANI LIMDA, BHERAMPURA, AHMEDABAD -22 E-MAIL ADDRESS: [email protected]
BANKERS
:
1.SOCIAL WORKING BANK. 2. ICICI BANK 3. HDFC BANK
AUDITORS NO.OF SHIFT OFFICE TIME
: : :
SPECIAL AUDITOR (CLOTHES). 1ST SHIFT TIME: 08:30 A.M TO 07:30 P.M 10:00A.M TO 6:00P.M LOADING RICKSHAW
TRASPORTATION:
9
OBJECTIVE
The main objective of the project “production process of textile industries ??is to learn how to process on the raw material such cotton , grey e.t.c. The project is aimed to learn and gain knowledge of day to day growth of textile industries in India. The project will also help in knowing the different steps of process of cotton clothes , machinery such as printing machinery, washing machinery, heating machinery, finishing machinery e.t.c. The main objective of this project is how to prepare cotton to finished cotton or wear of man.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
India is a country connected with Txtile industries. So textile industry is the best suited for the growth of India. And Indian people prefer more fashionable clothe from textile industries. Due to liberalization, globalization inexpensive, labor, large market and democracy India has best opportunity for textile industry. It has large market and textile network in every state of India and across the India, like central Asian countries, Bangladesh, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, etc. It was started with 250 mtr of clothes and 1 societies and now, it produces 50,000 mtr clothes per day. NHH textile was started with little machinery and now all the production of NHH are produced by latest and advanced machineries and clothes. NHH has completed 50th year and entered in 51 year on 14 December 2008
10
INDUSTRAIL PROFILE: TEXTILE INDUSTRIES IN INDIA: INTRODUCTION
The Textile Industry occupies a vital place in the Indian economy and contributes substantially to its exports earnings. Textiles exports represent nearly 30 per cent of the country's total exports. It has a high weight age of over 20 per cent in the National production. It provides direct employment to over 15 million persons in the mill, powerloom and handloom sectors. India is the world?s second largest producer of textiles after China. It is the world?s third largest producer of cotton-after China and the USA-and the second largest cotton consumer after China. The textile industry in India is one of the oldest manufacturing sectors in the country and is currently it?s largest1. The Textile industry occupies an important place in the Economy of the country because of its contribution to the industrial output, employment generation and foreign exchange earnings. The textile industry encompasses a range of industrial units, which use a wide variety of natural and synthetic fibres to produce fabrics. The textile industry can be broadly classified into two categories, the organized mill sector and the unorganized mill sector. Considering the significance and contribution of textile sector in national economy, initiative and efforts are being made to take urgent and adequate steps to attract investment and encourage wide spread development and growth in this sector.
11
12
Textile History
The term 'Textile' is a Latin word originating from the word 'texere' which means 'to weave' Textile refers to a flexible material comprising of a network of natural or artificial fibers, known as yarn. Textiles are formed by weaving, knitting, crocheting, knotting and pressing fibers together. Textile Museum is that specialized category of museum which primarily preserves different types of textile and textile products
Industrial Textile
Textiles which are specifically designed and engineered to be capable of using in products, processes or services of mostly non-textile industries are termed as industrial textile. Another distinguishing feature of industrial textile is that unlike the traditional use of ordinary textiles in apparel and furnishing, it is primarily utilized by industrial professionals in different types of high performance and heavy-duty applications from non-textile industries. Traditional textiles enjoy a distinct form of textile art and textile design. The term industrial textile(textile industry) is mainly used to refer nontraditional textiles and it is also known as technical textiles or high performance textiles or high tech textiles.According to the definition industrial textiles possesses three primary uses.
?
It can be utilized as a component part of any other product and provide direct contribution in strength, performance and other related properties of that product. e.g tire cord fabric in tires
?
It can be used as a device in the procedure of manufacturing another product. e.g. paper machine clothing in manufacturing of paper It can alone be utilized to perform a single or multiple specialized functions.
?
13
Textile History of Various Countries: India textile
Enjoys a rich heritage and the origin of textiles in India traces back to the Indus valley Civilization where people used homespun cotton for weaving their clothes.Rigveda, the earliest of the Veda contains the literary information about textiles and it refers to weaving. Ramayana and Mahabharata, the eminent Indian epics depict the existence of wide variety of brics in ancient India. These epics refer both to rich and stylized garment worn by the aristocrats and ordinary simple clothes worn by the common people. The contemporary Indian textile not only reflects the splendid past but also cater to the requirements of the modern times.
Japan
In 1869 the capital of Japan was shifted from Kyoto to Tokyo and from this time onwards the Nishijin weaving tradition seemed threatened with extinction. The industry again started to grow along with Japan's new capitalist economy by 1890 when the Nishijin weavers embraced and applied modern technology to their own ancient and original textile art. The textile art of Japan particularly reached an epitome of excellence by exhibiting a cultural distinction and remarkable artistic skill in the Edo and succeeding Meiji periods (1868 - 1912).
China
Chinese textiles enjoy an excellent heritage intextile sectorand occupy a prominent position in the global textile market.Chinese textiles are world famous and extraordinary for their fine quality and profound symbolic meanings. Textiles in china often form an integral aspect of its heritage and symbolically reflect its tradition and culture.In China, textile is often closely associated with prosperity and involved in the process of elaborate rituals. Parents' spontaneous love for their children is most visibly reflected through the excellent clothes they provide on festive occasions to their children.These
14
Africa
In the ancient times the most important aspect of textiles or more precisely cloth in Africa was that cloth was used as form of money.The width of cloth strip was usually standardized in each region of Africa and therefore there used to be a regular number of such standard length cloth strips required to make a woman's wrapper cloth.This would then be used to serve as the unit of value. Cloth was a convenient form of money primarily because it was used by everybody, fairly durable and easily sub dividable.The weavers, dyers and other textile artists of Africa together makes an active contribution in creating exquisite and amazing range of textiles.African textiles usually embody a great variety of styles. Adinkara, kente and bogolan are some of the some of the African textiles which are becoming increasingly popular while some others like Yoruba, ase-oke and adire are equally beautiful but less well known.
15
History of Industrial Textile
Tradional textiles are considered to be a little older than industrial textiles though both of their origin trace back to several thousands years ago. The tradition of modern industrial textile started with usage of canvas cloth to sail ships in the ocean. The industrial textile market witnessed a remarkable change in the first half of 20th century with the invention of man-made fibers.
Usage and Significance of Industrial Textile
? ? ? ?
It plays a significant role in space exploration and space suits are created with layered fabric system to provide protection to the astronaut. Space vehicles are made up of specialized industrial textiles as it can withstand a temperature of several thousands degree. Industrial textiles are widely used in military applications to provide greater protection to the soldiers Specialized industrial textiles are used in aero planes and environmental protection and high way construction. Industrial textiles even makes contribution in making artificial kidneys used during dialysis of patients. The greatest advantage of industrial textile is that it not only possesses strength, flexibility and elasticity but also offers various designing options.
16
TEXTILES JOB
Textile jobs are the jobs related with the various aspects of textile industry . Textile jobs primarily fall into the following categories.
? ? ? ? ? ?
Textile design jobs Textile pattern makers Fabric jobs Apparel jobs Knitting jobs
Other related jobs for professionals mostly prevalent in textile sector follows
? ? ? ? ? ?
Marketing professionals Technical professionals Process development professionals Packaging professionals Administrative and Finance professionals
RESEARCH ORIENTED JOBS There is a lot of scope for doing extensive research work in the field of textile for those who want to do something different and dedicate themselves in making new inventions. Many jobs need a special type of clothing like the firefighters need clothes that prevents them from getting burned while doing their duty or the professional athletes requires light and cool clothes to run comfortably or the deep-sea divers requires suits to keep them warm underwater. Nowadays textile research workers are getting involved in creating materials and textiles to meet the special requirements.
TEXTILE FABRIC
17
INTRODUCTION OF TEXTILE FABRIC
The term „Textile' is a Latin word which cones from the word „texere' which means „to weave'. Textile originally referred to a woven fabric but latter on the term textile as well as the plural textiles refers to fibers, filaments and yarns.
DEFINATION
Textile Fabric refers to the material used to prepare various categories and types of textile products for the textile industry. Textile fabric possesses an excellent national and international market.There are various types of textile fabric available for different products.Textile fabric can be broadly categorized as textile furnishing fabric and textile apparel fabric.
INDIA TEXTILE
Heritage of textile in India. In India textile enjoys a rich heritage and the origin of textiles in India traces back to the Indus valley Civilization where people used homespun cotton for weaving their clothes. Rigveda, the earliest of the Veda contains the literary information about textiles and it refers to weaving. Ramayana and Mahabharata, the eminent Indian epics depict the existence of wide variety of fabrics in ancient India. These epics refer both to rich and stylized garment worn by the aristocrats and ordinary simple clothes worn by the common people. The contemporary Indian textile not only reflects the splendid past but also cater to the requirements of the modern times. The rich tradition of textile in India has been favored by a number of factors. The favorable factors leading to the extensive growth of
18
TEXTILE TRADITION IN INDIA
Easy availability of abundant raw materials like cotton, wool, silk, jute and many more
? ? ?
Widely prevalent social customs Variety of distinct local culture Constructive geographic and climatic conditions
Each and every region of India contributes in creating a myriad of textile tradition. The hilly region of the country produces a rich variety of woolen textiles. The pashmina and shahtoosh shawls of Kashmir, shawls and woolen garments of Himachal Pradesh and other north eastern states provides excellent examples of world famous woolen Indian textiles. The barren and semi barren regions like Rajasthan and Gujarat usually prefers embroideredbright colored textiles. The coastal areas of the south eastern regions prefer light colored fabrics and particularly cotton and silk textiles are very popular over here. Thehome furnishing utilitarian textile products like bedspreads and sheets, pillows and cushions, linens and mats, curtains and napkins, carpets and rugs and many such other items are produced by all parts of the country. Distinct style and tradition of Indian textiles
?
?
? ?
Silk and cotton weaving predominates the rich tradition of weaving in India. Silk weaving is most popular in various parts of the country. Assam, Banaras, Mysore, Surat, Kanchipuram and Surat are all important centers of silk weaving. All these centers specialize mostly in cotton and silk sari weaving and some of the popular traditional Indian saris are Banarasi, Patola, Baluchari, Pochampalli, Paithani and many others. The ornate style of appliqué most commonly done bright colored fabrics from the Kutchh region of Gujarat is very popular in the country as well as in abroad. The state of Punjab is famous for its phulkari work. Lucknow, a city in Uttar Pradesh is famous for its chikan work Apart from those mentioned, each and every region and state of India has its own distinct individual style in textile.
19
TEXTILE DESIGNER
A textile designer has to deal with a great range of duties and responsibilities. A textile designer is generally responsible for the following activities. General work performed by textile designers :
? ? ? ? ?
Attracting clients by proper planning and presentation Briefing the initial ideas and concepts to clients Analysis and research works Development of design Commercial aspects of finished product
TEXTILE DESIGNER
primarily fall into two basic categories They either work for design agencies, manufacturers or retailers or they work as Freelancers.
A TEXTILE DESIGNER NEEDS THE FOLLOWING SKILLS AND QUALITIES .
• A basic understanding of color, texture and pattern • Creativity and artistic sense • Adequate knowledge of various techniques and characteristics of different textile materials • Knowledge of recent market trends • Ability to work in a team • Good communication skills • Knowledge of relevant softwares used in textile designing • Marketing, financial and administrative skills in case of freelancer To create innovative and a wide variety of designs, textile designers usually works in knit, print or weave.
20
THERE ARE TWO BASIC FIELDS IN TEXTILE DESIGNING .
• Interiors ( home furnishing ) • Fabrics for garments and accessories
SPECIALIZED WORKS PERFORMED BY TEXTILE DESIGNERS ARE CATEGORICALLY LISTED BELOW .
• Creating sample design set • Liaising with clients to plan and develop designs • Proper interpretation and representation of clients' ideas • Creating sketches and designs for presentation to the clients • Proper assessment of finished products • Utilizing specialized computer aided design software (CAD) to create a great variety of designs • Color, fabric and texture experimentation • Possessing updated knowledge of new developments in the field of designing and production techniques • Maintaining deadlines • Attending trade shows regularly • Getting updated with contemporary fashion trends in textile designing • Developing and maintaining a network of business contacts
21
GROWTHOF TEXTILE INDUSTRY
The textile policy of 1985 and the economic policy of 1991 accelerated the economic growth during 1990s. Textile sector growth has been led by the spinning and the manmade fibre industry. The number of cotton/ manmade fibre textile mills rose from 1035 in 87-88 to 1741 by December 1997. The number of spinning mills number rose to 1461 in December 1997 from 752 in 87-88. Liberalisation led to the installation of open-end rotors and setting up of Export Oriented unit ( EOU )2 . Currently India has the second highest spindleage in the world after China. Aggregate production of cloth during 1996-97 was 34,265 million sq. metres, an increase of nine percent over 1995-96. India's contribution in world production of cotton textiles was about 12 per cent a decade back, while currently it contributes to about 15 per cent of world cotton textiles India has the second-largest yarn-spinning capacity in the world (after China), accounting for roughly 20 percent of the world?s spindle capacity. India?s spinning segment is fairly modernized; approximately 35 to 40 percent of India?s spindles are less than 10 years old. During 1989-98, India was the leading buyer of spinning machinery, accounting for 28 per cent of world shipments. India?s production of spun yarn is accounted for almost entirely by the “organized mill sector,” which includes 285 large. Man-made fibers, wool and silk segment grew by modest 4.5 per cent per annum during the 5-year period 2000-01 to 2005-06.During the first year of quota-free global trade, production increased leaps and bounds. Textiles production increased 10 per cent over 2004. The growth was fuelled by a 22 per cent rise in production of other textiles (including apparels). Cotton textile also posted an increase of nine per cent.
22
TEXTILE TREND
India is the world?s second largest producer of textiles and garments after China. It is the world?s third largest producer of cotton-after China and the USA - and the second largest cotton consumer after China. The textile and garment industry in India is one of the oldest manufacturing sectors in the country and is currently the largest . The textile and garment industry fulfils a pivotal role in the Indian economy. It is a major foreign exchange earner and, after agriculture, it is the largest employer with a total workforce of 35 mn. In 2005 textiles and garments accounted for about 14 per cent of industrial production and 16 per cent of export earnings. In cotton yarn production India has made a mark in the world textile scenario. It is the largest exporter of the cotton yarns in the world. Besides yarn exports, India?s growing garment industry is working as a driving force to improve the yarn quality and to During 2004-05, production of fabrics touched a peak of 45,378 million square meters. In the year 2005-06 up to November, production of fabrics registered a further growth of 9 per cent over the corresponding period of the previous year. Textile exports during April-November 2005 were at US$ 9,309.81 million, up 8.21 per cent from US$ 8,603.33 million during the corresponding period of the previous year. The first year of the non-quota regime for textiles has seen Indian exports to the US grow by 27 per cent year on year to US$ 4.6 billion, according to data released by the Office of Textiles and Apparels (OTEXA), USA. In keeping with the trend of textile companies increasing capacity and adding
23
new manufacturing units, the last week of 2005 saw a substantial number of firms, both new and existing, queuing up to file an intent to manufacture document with the Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion (DIPP). Out of 161 companies that had filed Industrial Entrepreneur Memoranda (IEM) in the last week of December, textile firms accounted for more than a quarter of All new application
In fact, in the last six years, an estimated US$ 6.7 billion has been invested in the textiles sector, aided by the Technology Up gradation Fund (TUF) scheme. The TUF scheme expires in March next year (2007) and the quotas on China will be lifted in 2008. Hence, companies will continue to add capacities over the next year. Also, according to CRISIL, the sector is likely to rise over US$ 3.5 billion from the capital markets in the next few years.
SCHEMES TO STRENGTHEN INVESTMENT IN TEXTILE DURING THE TENTH PLAN COVER
Rearranging spinning capacity at present nearly 38 million spindles are already existed. About 10 million old spindles required to be scrapped, and another 15 million spindles to be modernized. Adding on, about 3 million new spindles have to be set up during the tenth plan period.
24
PERCENTAGE VISION OF INDIA 2010 FOR TEXTILES
? ? ? ? ?
Textile economy to grow to $85billion by 2010 Creation of 12 million new jobs in textile sector. To increase India?s share in world trade to six per cent by 2010. Achieve export value of $40 billion by 2010. Modernisation and consolidation for creating a globally competitive industry.
TREND SIN SPINNING
The spinning industry is the most modern and internationally competitive segment of India?s textile industry. Yarn production increased 4.5 per cent annually between 1990 and 2004, as rapid gains by independent spinners more than offset declining production from composite mills. Reflecting trends in domestic demand, the most rapid growth has been in the production of blended and 100-per cent manmade yarns. Between 1990 and 2004, production of manmade and blended yarns grew at annual rates of 8.6 per cent . and 9.1 per cent, respectively
EXPORT OF TEXTILE IN INDIA
World trade in textile in 2003 of which textile accounted for 43 per cent (US$169bn) and developed countries accounted for little over one third of world export in textile. The quota countries, USA, EU, and Canada accounted for 44
25
per cent of India?s textile exports. In the overall basket of cotton textile products in India, the share of cotton Madeups has gone up from US$174.03 million in April 2005 to US$181.10 million during April 2006, registering a growth of 4.07 per cent. In the case of cotton yarn there has been a growth of 11.92 per cent, while in the case of cotton fabrics, there has been a decline of 2.53 per cent.
26
Exhibit 2.2 shows that the exports of cotton textile in India. In this, „MADEUPS? shows the highest volume of export during the year 2006 and followed by „YARN? which was highest in the year 2005. Compared to „YARN? and „FABRIC?, the „MADEUPS? shows highest volume of export in the year 2005 and 2006.
27
The exhibit shows that India?s major markets for exports of cotton textiles in the year 2005 and 2006. In the year 2006 the major market for export of cotton textiles, was highest in the countries USA, Italy, Bangladesh, UK, China, Spain, and Portugal and the remaining countries export was highest in the year 2005.
INVESTMENT IN TEXTILE INDUSTRY
Investment is the key for Indian textiles to make rapid strides. The Vision Statement prepared by the Indian Cotton Mills? federation has projected that the industry has the potential to reach a size of $85 billion by 2010 from the current level of $ 36 billion. Further, the vision statement has estimated that textile exports could touch $40 billion by 2010 from $ 11 billion in 2002. In the process, India?s share in the global textile and clothing trade is expected to double from three percent in 2002 to six percent by 2010. To reach these ambitious target, it is estimated that new investment to the tune of Rs.1, 40,000 crores will be needed in the next five years. After analysing the capacity and technology levels in various segments of textile Industry and the need for modernisation, funds required for various segments have been below.
28
This Table shows the investment in textile industry in India. The requirement of Investment will be highest in the segment woven processing (i.e.) Rs. 25800 crores and next highest requirement will be clothing (i.e) Rs. 24,000 crores. The Requirement of investment in spinning shows fourth place (i.e) Rs 10600 crores and the minimum amount of investment need in the segment jute (i.e) 500 crore only.
29
ORGANISATION PROFILE INTRODUCATION
FUTURE WATCH (VISION) :
Company future watch will be increase company Two plant(2 other plant in ahme dabad), Increase Producation capacity with each plant of Rs.11 crore. In future each plant capacity approximately 21 thousand mtrs.
30
QUALITY POLICY
We the motivated and devoted work force of NHH TEXTILE are committed to produce whole some and Clear ccotton of excellent quality to remain market leader through deployment of quality management system, state-of- art technology innovation and operation of customer and betterment of cotton product
ACHIEVEMENT :
PRODUCT NAME: DYEING & PRINTING OF CLOTHES TWO TYPES OF COTTON:
1- GREY 2- COTTON
31
DEFINATION OF GREY :
GREY:
AN UNFINISHED FABRIC, JUST REMOVEFROM A KNITTING MACHINE OR A LOOMALSO CALLED GREY. 1- Fabric in the raw state, before dyeing or finishing process. 2- Grey fabric – raw fabric, before it is bleached and processed.
COTTON:
Cotton is probably one of the most common fabrics you?re likely to
have in your home as clothing cotton is a natural fiber and used in wide variety of clothing and home furnishing, cotton is easily washed or dry cleaned .cotton is a good strong fabric that is absorbent, and easy to work with, cotton has tendency to wrinkle very easily, so cotton polyester blends began to year round “breathing” and lack of pilling of one hundred percent cotton.
MACHINE FOR MANUFATURRING CLOTHES
Grey Cotton – Zet dyeing machine - Jigger machine
OIL REMOVE PROCESS OF GREY:
32
GREY
ZED DYEING MACHINE
WASHING ( AS PER DESIGN )
PROCESS COTTON
33
COTTON WASHING DESIZZING HEATING
ROLL
PRINTING ( MACHINE )
PRODUCTION PROCESS AFTER WASHING
34
CLOTHES
GREY WASHING FINISHING COMPLETE PRODUCT
35
36
COTTAN WASHING MENDING
PRINTINH
WASHING PRINTING FINISHING FINAL PRODUCT
37
38
39
Printing
40
Two types of printing: 1- Disperse 2- Pickment
? Disperse Printing
DISPERSE
WASHING
HEATING
LOOP MACHINE (FOR FASTRING OF COLOURE)
Pickment Printing
41
pickment
WASHING (FORRESIDUE CLEARING)
HEATING
FINISHING
PACKAGING
LOOP MACHINE
42
“Texfab” continuous steaming / curing / Polymerizing machine is the update and technologically advanced version of a textile processing machine the steaming chamber is closed type made completely in stainless steel AISI 316 . Fabric feed takes place though an opening on the front side whilst extraction is from the back side whilst extraction is from the back side. The fabric placed on rod itself. Loop formation is done by a dancing roller system. For tow temperature steaming textile processing machine has a chamber roof
which is heated by stem coils preventing condensation and drippings .Our steam agars are equipped with special device , a stem passes through the water before being injected into steaming chamber .These particular characteristics of steam pre- condition which prevent and control the exothermic reaction of the fabrics and of the printing paste , make our machine “ UNIQUE” of its kind and the basis of great success achieved all over in textile industries. For high temperature steaming our steam agars are equipped with efficient recirculation system and heat exchange using thermic fluid which ensure uniform temperature in the chamber special system to allow air to re-circulate instead of steam permitting of polymerization treatment with hot air up to 160degree C.
43
ROPE WASHER MACHINE
“Texfab” aqua wash open width and aqua wash rope washing machine textile washing machine, fabric washing machine, textile washing machine is the only one equipped textile washing machine with the exclusive rotary drum washing system with three drum in compartment. The fabric washing machine textile washing machine , Textile washing machine fabric washing machine consist of specially shaped in peeler in every drum in which water jets hitting to and from uniformly , pre washing , rising chemical treatment .
FEATURES
Very high washing performance on the upper and back side of fabric for its whole width. Efficient removal of unfixed dyestuff, gum and other chemicals from fabrics.Tensionless washing of fabrics, all the driven rolls powered by constant load motor with adjustable speeds has independent tanks, each one fitted with its own recirculation pump and filtering device.
FLAT BASED PRINTING MACHINE
1 Machine Type: Hydromag 5 Vc, Dryer Type: F 119. 2410 Drawing Made In 1987 Machine Number 1029. Running Time Until Now 23500 Hour Only Almost Now. Machine Can Print 6 Colure With Max Report Of 3 Meter
44
MEASUREMENT:
Input width 2.09 m Length of printing belt 16 m Length of dryer 9m Machine width 2.87m Width of printing belt 2.6 m Dryer is powered by electricity, previously run by steam.Professionalinstruction books in English germen and Russian languages are available.Machine isused for printing of flags banners, jerseys, curtains, and duvet covers e.t.c.On cotton polycotton and polyester .Trial print available before dismanting on site in talim. The deal includes also automatic step by step exposure table, over for drying and polymerization and about 300 printing frames in size 160x 260cm.Printing inks available separately. Price 100 ,-000 eur only.Printing machine capacity: 8000 mtr (Installed capacity not utilized)
ZET DYEING MACHINE
Dyeing machine and piece dyeing machine.Exclusive Feature 1 Capacity: 300 – 400 kg (Single tube) 2 Liquor ratios: 1:1(Wet fabric) 3 dye -30 to 450 grms / mtr . Sq fabrics (Polyester, Polyesterblends , woven & /knitted fabrics) 4 High temp: Up to 140degree C. 5 Fabric speed - 300 mtr/min 6 Loop lengths Up to 3000 mtr in polyester fabrics.
FULLY AUTOMATIC
45
1 PLC base autamation with graphics display and PLC control. 2 Moderate and auto liquor ratio 3 Digital level controlling system for accurate control dozing.
PRINTING MACHINE
The strong technical background and good experience of our working term, from time to time to research & study for the new technology of towel printing. We developed our new model KC7A-II, which is special designed for two different pattern of towels(especially beach towel)printing at the same production line, This flexibility in mass production and high efficiency of the model KC7A-II is the best partener of your production.Any size of towel(especially beach towel)can be arranged for two different design pattern lengths, to be printed side by side together in one production line. This is flexible selection for mass production for various different pattern design of printing and it is time saving for achieving high production efficiency. The new screen fixing device is so convenient for operation that every screen frame can be easily adjusted in any X-Y direction & the height above printing blanket and fixed for pattern matching. This ensures faster screen registation & pattern matching for every time of printing preparation work. The complete cover of machine body is constructed by stainless steel. This ensure easy cleaning of the machine and protected the machine to resists from chemical corrosin. For achieving of best printing effect, different printing mode can be setted for each individual printing unit, Printing speed is 20p/min. like: 1. The length of printing stroke 2. The printing speed 3. The printing squeegee pressure ( magnetic force ) 4. The location of start & end point of printing stroke
For two printing screens fixed parallel in line, operation work at both sides of the machine is very frequent, for the convenience of operator, overcrossing stand is provided above printing deck.
JOB IN TEXTILE :
46
In India, textile job openings in textile sector includestextile fabric manufacturingorganizations and a variety of companies which are engaged in producing finished textile products both in apparel and home furnishing. Information regarding various employment opportunities in Indian textile sector is available through varioustextile job agencies .
JOB SCHEDULE AND WORKING HOURS IN TEXTILE JOBS
Most professionals and workers in textile, apparel and furnishing services work a conventional standard 35 to 40 hour a week. However, low paid workers often need to stretch for long hours and are involved in laborious manual work and particularly shoe and leather workers, laundry and dry cleaning workers, tailors, dressmakers and sewers working commonly in retail stores even need to work in evenings and weekends. At times, rotating work schedules of shifts are used in many textile and fiber mills to prevent the employees from working continuously at day or night and these rotating shifts frequently results in sleeping disorders and stress related problems among the employees.
47
GROWTH OF THE TEXTILE SECTOR IN THE STATE
Gujarat Chief Minister Narendra Modi on Monday said the state has plans to establish a big textile park which would become a one-point centre for all textile related activities. Addressing a congregation of people belonging to the Sourashtra community in Tamil Nadu here, Modi said the proposed park would have all activities of the textile industry, including fibre, fabric, fashioning and export. Modi claimed Gujarat had made big strides under his leadership so much as that it had become the bench mark for measuring growth in the country. Gujarat had achieved 14 per cent growth rate compared to the country's rate of seven per cent now. The state's 1,600 km coastline with its 42 ports is dealing with more than 80 per cent of the cargo of the country. The Kutch region, regarded as a backward region in the past, would soon become the "Singapore of India" as it was experiencing a lot of developmental activities, he said. Kutch region had always shown negative growth with its the population declining on an yearly basis 50 years ago. Even the people belonging to the Sourashtra community, who came to Madurai nearly 500 years ago, may have come from this region. But after the earthquake that shook Kutch seven years ago, the region had grown by leaps and bounds and was poised to become the Singapore of India soon, Modi said. Gujarat which produced 23 lakh cotton bales during 2000-07 had increased the production manifold to 1.23 crore in 2007-08 due to developments carried out in the sector, he said. He called upon the people from the Sourashtra community to come and invest in the state and also bring their children on regular tours to the region to reorient them with their roots, he said. Source: The Hindu
48
ADVANTAGES OF COTTON TEXTILE
In addition to availability of large labor force with required skills at a comparatively cheap rate, Indian Textile Industry has a great advantage in that India is the third largest cotton producing country in the World. Moreover, India has the largest area under cotton in the world. Further the average cotton yields per hectare were as low as 310 kgs per hectare as against countries like China, Brazil and Australia where yield levels are over 1000 kgs per hectare and world average yield of 728 Kgs per hectare, no doubt in the previous two years, yield levels have gone up to 435 kgs. /hectare. The Indian Cotton Textile Industry can therefore, bank up on the domestic production of cotton to meet its raw material requirements. This is a major source of strength for the Indian Cotton Textile Industry. Of course, China and Pakistan are also major cotton producing countries and the cotton textile Industry in those countries also enjoy the same advantage as Indian Cotton Textile Industry.
49
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
DIRECTORS
DIRECTOR PURCHASE/ MARKETING/ ACCOUNT DEPT.
SENIOR PRODUCTION MANAGER
PLANT MANAGER
PLANT OPERATOR
DEPARTMENTAL STUDY :
PRINTING WASHING ACCO:UNT?S DYEING FINISHING PACKAGING Dispatch
50
? PRINTING : Two printing machine are worked in theCompany each one capacity is 8000 mtr/ ph itInstalled capacity not utilized. ? WASHING : Two kind?s of washing machine are available& work efficiently with the worker. MachineAre operated way ladies worker. ? ACCOUNT : Account department is concern with capital fFor meting financial needs over objective ofBusiness enterprise. ? DYEING
: Dyeing is the Process of cleaning & coloringof grey .
? FINISHING: Finishing machine operated by gent?s worker.His capacity is25000 to 60000 mtr. ? PACKAGING: Packaging is to pack the product afterGetting finish and check from theLaboratory through supervisor.
EMPLOYEE SUMMARY :
Company is partnership firm than no more detail of work but some detail as under Approximately 120 worker work in the company. Both male and female. Most of the male worker are illiterate and some male are also illiterate, but allover performance of worker to work or toward company is very good.
.
51
RESEARCH METHDOLOGY
Research methodology used for data collection is primary data collection method & interview method for collection of data.
SWOT ANALYSIS STRENGTHS
1. NHH Textile Industry is an Independent & Self-Reliant industry. 2. Abundant Raw Material availability that helps Company to control costs and reduces the lead-time across the operation. 3. Availability of Low Cost and Skilled Manpower provides competitive advantage to industry. 4. Availability of large varieties of cotton fiber and has a fast growing synthetic fiber industry. 5. India has great advantage in Spinning Sector and has a presence in all process of operation and value chain. 6. Company has large and diversified segments that provide wide variety of products. 9. Growing Economy and Potential Domestic and International Market. 10. Company has Manufacturing Flexibility that helps to increase the productivity.
WEAKNESSES
52
1. Company is highly Fragmented Industry. 2. company is highly dependent on Cotton. 3. Lower Productivity in various segments. 4. There is Declining in Mill Segment. 5. Lack of Technological Development that affect the productivity and other activities in whole value chain. 6. Infrastructural Bottlenecks and Efficiency such as, Transaction Time at Ports and transportation Time. 7. Unfavorable labor Laws. 8. Lacking to generate Economies of Scale. 9. Higher Indirect Taxes, Power and Interest Rates.
OPPORTUNITIES
1. Growth rate of Domestic Textile Industry is 6-8% per annum. 2. Large, Potential Domestic and International Market. 3. Product development and Diversification to cater global needs. 4. Elimination of Quota Restriction leads to greater Market Development. 5. Market is gradually shifting towards Branded Readymade Garment. 7. Emerging Retail Industry and Malls provide huge opportunities for the Apparel, Handicraft and other segments of the Company. 8. Greater Investment and FDI opportunities are available.
THREATS:
53
1. Competition from other developing countries, especially China. 2. Continuous Quality Improvement is need of the hour as there are different demand patterns all over the world. 3. Elimination of Quota system will lead to fluctuations in Export Demand. 4. Threat for Traditional Market for Powerloom and Handloom Products and forcing them for product diversification. 5. Geographical Disadvantages. 6. International labor and Environmental Laws. 7. To balance the demand and supply. 8. To make balance between price and quality.
LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
? ? ? My study was restricted to only in side of company. Very first interface with this Industry. Company is very wide than all department study is not possible.
54
LEARNING
? ? ? ? I got practical knowledge of whole textile industries. I also came to know regarding the environment & Culture of organization. I have understood the systemetic knowledge of the organization. I also got the opportunity to work with the corporate field level people
FINDINGS
Company has monopoly in production of all products. so management has not given permission to me for enter in production plant and also does not give information about departmental study, Accunting detail ,
CONCLUSION
So, according to all above data of report I conclude that company’s management system is very best and also company takes many steps for awareness of its employees and also for society. Company is very strict for safety, indicates its strictness about safety. Company provides many facilities to its employees it is very good. Also company follows the all rules and regulations of government. Company has to takes more steps for reduce the employees turnover ratio. so company can keep its monopoly.
20.Bibliography 55
www.alibaba.com www.tradeindia.com www.maps-india.com www.india-crafts.com
56
doc_146309127.pdf
The textile industry is primarily concerned with the production of yarn, and cloth and the subsequent design or manufacture of clothing and their distribution. The raw material may be natural, or synthetic using products of the chemical industry.
A PROJECT REPORT ON “Production process of textile industries FOR ”
In the partial fulfillment of the requirement for M.B.A (Full Time)
Submitted By KANTISINH .J. VANJARA. Submitted To Prof. Nirav Dave (Internal Guide)a Mr. Yasin Hokabaj (External Guide) SARVODAY COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT & TECHNOLOGY. LIMBDI
Affiliated with Saurashtra University Academic year 2008-09
PREFACE
The M.B.A programme is well structured and integrated course of business studies. The main objective of practical training at M.B.A level is to develop skill in student by supplement to the theoretical study of business management in general. Industrial training helps to gain real life knowledge about the industrial environment and business practices. The MBA programme provides student with a fundamental knowledge of business and organizational functions and activities, as well as an exposure to strategic thinking of management. In every professional course, training is an important factor. Profession gives me theoretical knowledge of various subjects in the college but they are practically exposed of such subjects when they get the training in the organization. It is only the training through which I come to know that what an industry is and how it works. I can learn about various departmental operations being performed in the industry, which would, in return, help me in the future when I will enter the practical field. Training is an integral part of MBA and each and every student has to undergo the training for 2 months in a company and then prepare a project report on the same after the completion of training. During this whole training I got a lot of experience and came to know about the management practices in real that how it differs from those of theoretical knowledge and the practically in the real life. In today's globalization world, where cut throat competition is prevailing in the market, theoretical knowledge is not sufficient. Beside this one need to have practical knowledge, which would help to individual in his/her carrier activities and it is true that "Experience is best teacher". Thus since the industrial training offer variety of advantages, the Saurashtra University offer such industrial training consist of interesting and purposeful visit of various department of industry like production, personnel, marketing, finance etc, It is thus, training programme is held for the taste of management application in industrial world.
2
COMPANY CERTIFICATE
3
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
A Project Report is never successfully completed without the guidance from appropriate person. So, now it is the right time to express my sincere gratitude towards all those, who have helped me to complete the project. I would like to thank our Director Yasin Hokabaj who has given me the opportunity. I am very much grateful to External Guide Mr. Sarfaraz Hokabaj and also the Internal Guide , whose guidance and support helped me to complete this project successfully, without their Guidance the work would never been completed. And I am greatly to all advisers who helped me knowingly or unknowingly for getting the information and taking interest in this report. I am also thankful to entire faculty and staff of SCOMT , LIMBDI without which this project would be not a successful one. Last but not the least I would like to appreciate my parents who have always motivated me directly and indirectly to do my work with utmost Dedication.
Place: LIMBDI Thanking You Date: [KANTISINH .J .VANJARA]
4
DECLARATION
I, Kantisinh. J. Vanjara hereby declare that the report on summer training and project work entitled “Production Process of Textile Industries ” Training at N.H.H. TEXTILE submitted to „SARVODAY COLLEGE OF
MANGEMENT & TECHNOLOGY ” is a result of my own work and my indebtedness to other work publications if any, have been duly acknowledged.
PLACE: LIMBDI DATE: KANTISINH J. VANJARA
5
TABLE OF CONTENT
SR.NO 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. PARTICULARS PREFACE COMPANY CERTIFICATE AKCNOWLEDGEMENT DECLARATION SCOPE OBJECTIVE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY INDUSTRIES PROFILE 8.1 – INTRODUCTION 8.2 – INDIAN TEXTILE INDUSTRIES 8.3 – HISTORY 8.4 – TEXTILE HISTORY OF VARIOUS COUNTRY 8.5 – SIGNIFICANCES OF INDUSTRIAL TEXTILE 8.6 – TEXTILE FABRICS 8.7 – TEXTILE TRADITION IN INDIA 8.8 – GROWTH OF TEXTILE INDUSTRIES 13 14 16 18 19 22 11 12 PAGE NO. 2 3 4 5 8 10 10
6
SR.NO 9.
PARTICULARS ORGANISATION PROFILE 9.1 – INTRODUCTION 9.2 – VISION 9.3 – QUALITY POLICY 9.4 – PRODUCTS 9.5 – MACHINE FOR MANUFATURING CLOTHES 9.6 – PROCESS OF COTTON 9.7 – PROCESS AFTER WASHING CLOTHES 9.8 – PRINTING
PAGE NO.
30 30 30 31 32
33 34 40 46 49 50 51 51 54 54 55
S 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.
9.9 – JOB IN TEXTILE ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE EMPLOYEES SUMMARY RESEACHER METHDOLOGY SWOT ANALYSIS LEARNIG / FINDING CONCLUSION BIBLIOGRAPHOY
7
SCOPE ORGANIZATION PROFILE
NAME: NHH TEXTILE PROCCESSOR. OPP. NEW DHOR BAZAR, DANI LIMDA, BHERAMPURA, AHMEDABAD -22 INDIA.
FORM:
CO-OPERATIVE SECTOR REGISTERED UNDER THECO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY ACT.
LOCATION:
NHH TEXTILE PROCCESSOR. OPP. NEW DHOR BAZAR, DANI LIMDA, BHERAMPURA, AHMEDABAD -22 INDIA.
REGISTRATION:
December, 1946
REG.OFFICE:
NHH TEXTILE PROCCESSOR.
8
OPP. NEW DHOR BAZAR, DANI LIMDA, BHERAMPURA, AHMEDABAD -22 E-MAIL ADDRESS: [email protected]
BANKERS
:
1.SOCIAL WORKING BANK. 2. ICICI BANK 3. HDFC BANK
AUDITORS NO.OF SHIFT OFFICE TIME
: : :
SPECIAL AUDITOR (CLOTHES). 1ST SHIFT TIME: 08:30 A.M TO 07:30 P.M 10:00A.M TO 6:00P.M LOADING RICKSHAW
TRASPORTATION:
9
OBJECTIVE
The main objective of the project “production process of textile industries ??is to learn how to process on the raw material such cotton , grey e.t.c. The project is aimed to learn and gain knowledge of day to day growth of textile industries in India. The project will also help in knowing the different steps of process of cotton clothes , machinery such as printing machinery, washing machinery, heating machinery, finishing machinery e.t.c. The main objective of this project is how to prepare cotton to finished cotton or wear of man.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
India is a country connected with Txtile industries. So textile industry is the best suited for the growth of India. And Indian people prefer more fashionable clothe from textile industries. Due to liberalization, globalization inexpensive, labor, large market and democracy India has best opportunity for textile industry. It has large market and textile network in every state of India and across the India, like central Asian countries, Bangladesh, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, etc. It was started with 250 mtr of clothes and 1 societies and now, it produces 50,000 mtr clothes per day. NHH textile was started with little machinery and now all the production of NHH are produced by latest and advanced machineries and clothes. NHH has completed 50th year and entered in 51 year on 14 December 2008
10
INDUSTRAIL PROFILE: TEXTILE INDUSTRIES IN INDIA: INTRODUCTION
The Textile Industry occupies a vital place in the Indian economy and contributes substantially to its exports earnings. Textiles exports represent nearly 30 per cent of the country's total exports. It has a high weight age of over 20 per cent in the National production. It provides direct employment to over 15 million persons in the mill, powerloom and handloom sectors. India is the world?s second largest producer of textiles after China. It is the world?s third largest producer of cotton-after China and the USA-and the second largest cotton consumer after China. The textile industry in India is one of the oldest manufacturing sectors in the country and is currently it?s largest1. The Textile industry occupies an important place in the Economy of the country because of its contribution to the industrial output, employment generation and foreign exchange earnings. The textile industry encompasses a range of industrial units, which use a wide variety of natural and synthetic fibres to produce fabrics. The textile industry can be broadly classified into two categories, the organized mill sector and the unorganized mill sector. Considering the significance and contribution of textile sector in national economy, initiative and efforts are being made to take urgent and adequate steps to attract investment and encourage wide spread development and growth in this sector.
11
12
Textile History
The term 'Textile' is a Latin word originating from the word 'texere' which means 'to weave' Textile refers to a flexible material comprising of a network of natural or artificial fibers, known as yarn. Textiles are formed by weaving, knitting, crocheting, knotting and pressing fibers together. Textile Museum is that specialized category of museum which primarily preserves different types of textile and textile products
Industrial Textile
Textiles which are specifically designed and engineered to be capable of using in products, processes or services of mostly non-textile industries are termed as industrial textile. Another distinguishing feature of industrial textile is that unlike the traditional use of ordinary textiles in apparel and furnishing, it is primarily utilized by industrial professionals in different types of high performance and heavy-duty applications from non-textile industries. Traditional textiles enjoy a distinct form of textile art and textile design. The term industrial textile(textile industry) is mainly used to refer nontraditional textiles and it is also known as technical textiles or high performance textiles or high tech textiles.According to the definition industrial textiles possesses three primary uses.
?
It can be utilized as a component part of any other product and provide direct contribution in strength, performance and other related properties of that product. e.g tire cord fabric in tires
?
It can be used as a device in the procedure of manufacturing another product. e.g. paper machine clothing in manufacturing of paper It can alone be utilized to perform a single or multiple specialized functions.
?
13
Textile History of Various Countries: India textile
Enjoys a rich heritage and the origin of textiles in India traces back to the Indus valley Civilization where people used homespun cotton for weaving their clothes.Rigveda, the earliest of the Veda contains the literary information about textiles and it refers to weaving. Ramayana and Mahabharata, the eminent Indian epics depict the existence of wide variety of brics in ancient India. These epics refer both to rich and stylized garment worn by the aristocrats and ordinary simple clothes worn by the common people. The contemporary Indian textile not only reflects the splendid past but also cater to the requirements of the modern times.
Japan
In 1869 the capital of Japan was shifted from Kyoto to Tokyo and from this time onwards the Nishijin weaving tradition seemed threatened with extinction. The industry again started to grow along with Japan's new capitalist economy by 1890 when the Nishijin weavers embraced and applied modern technology to their own ancient and original textile art. The textile art of Japan particularly reached an epitome of excellence by exhibiting a cultural distinction and remarkable artistic skill in the Edo and succeeding Meiji periods (1868 - 1912).
China
Chinese textiles enjoy an excellent heritage intextile sectorand occupy a prominent position in the global textile market.Chinese textiles are world famous and extraordinary for their fine quality and profound symbolic meanings. Textiles in china often form an integral aspect of its heritage and symbolically reflect its tradition and culture.In China, textile is often closely associated with prosperity and involved in the process of elaborate rituals. Parents' spontaneous love for their children is most visibly reflected through the excellent clothes they provide on festive occasions to their children.These
14
Africa
In the ancient times the most important aspect of textiles or more precisely cloth in Africa was that cloth was used as form of money.The width of cloth strip was usually standardized in each region of Africa and therefore there used to be a regular number of such standard length cloth strips required to make a woman's wrapper cloth.This would then be used to serve as the unit of value. Cloth was a convenient form of money primarily because it was used by everybody, fairly durable and easily sub dividable.The weavers, dyers and other textile artists of Africa together makes an active contribution in creating exquisite and amazing range of textiles.African textiles usually embody a great variety of styles. Adinkara, kente and bogolan are some of the some of the African textiles which are becoming increasingly popular while some others like Yoruba, ase-oke and adire are equally beautiful but less well known.
15
History of Industrial Textile
Tradional textiles are considered to be a little older than industrial textiles though both of their origin trace back to several thousands years ago. The tradition of modern industrial textile started with usage of canvas cloth to sail ships in the ocean. The industrial textile market witnessed a remarkable change in the first half of 20th century with the invention of man-made fibers.
Usage and Significance of Industrial Textile
? ? ? ?
It plays a significant role in space exploration and space suits are created with layered fabric system to provide protection to the astronaut. Space vehicles are made up of specialized industrial textiles as it can withstand a temperature of several thousands degree. Industrial textiles are widely used in military applications to provide greater protection to the soldiers Specialized industrial textiles are used in aero planes and environmental protection and high way construction. Industrial textiles even makes contribution in making artificial kidneys used during dialysis of patients. The greatest advantage of industrial textile is that it not only possesses strength, flexibility and elasticity but also offers various designing options.
16
TEXTILES JOB
Textile jobs are the jobs related with the various aspects of textile industry . Textile jobs primarily fall into the following categories.
? ? ? ? ? ?
Textile design jobs Textile pattern makers Fabric jobs Apparel jobs Knitting jobs
Other related jobs for professionals mostly prevalent in textile sector follows
? ? ? ? ? ?
Marketing professionals Technical professionals Process development professionals Packaging professionals Administrative and Finance professionals
RESEARCH ORIENTED JOBS There is a lot of scope for doing extensive research work in the field of textile for those who want to do something different and dedicate themselves in making new inventions. Many jobs need a special type of clothing like the firefighters need clothes that prevents them from getting burned while doing their duty or the professional athletes requires light and cool clothes to run comfortably or the deep-sea divers requires suits to keep them warm underwater. Nowadays textile research workers are getting involved in creating materials and textiles to meet the special requirements.
TEXTILE FABRIC
17
INTRODUCTION OF TEXTILE FABRIC
The term „Textile' is a Latin word which cones from the word „texere' which means „to weave'. Textile originally referred to a woven fabric but latter on the term textile as well as the plural textiles refers to fibers, filaments and yarns.
DEFINATION
Textile Fabric refers to the material used to prepare various categories and types of textile products for the textile industry. Textile fabric possesses an excellent national and international market.There are various types of textile fabric available for different products.Textile fabric can be broadly categorized as textile furnishing fabric and textile apparel fabric.
INDIA TEXTILE
Heritage of textile in India. In India textile enjoys a rich heritage and the origin of textiles in India traces back to the Indus valley Civilization where people used homespun cotton for weaving their clothes. Rigveda, the earliest of the Veda contains the literary information about textiles and it refers to weaving. Ramayana and Mahabharata, the eminent Indian epics depict the existence of wide variety of fabrics in ancient India. These epics refer both to rich and stylized garment worn by the aristocrats and ordinary simple clothes worn by the common people. The contemporary Indian textile not only reflects the splendid past but also cater to the requirements of the modern times. The rich tradition of textile in India has been favored by a number of factors. The favorable factors leading to the extensive growth of
18
TEXTILE TRADITION IN INDIA
Easy availability of abundant raw materials like cotton, wool, silk, jute and many more
? ? ?
Widely prevalent social customs Variety of distinct local culture Constructive geographic and climatic conditions
Each and every region of India contributes in creating a myriad of textile tradition. The hilly region of the country produces a rich variety of woolen textiles. The pashmina and shahtoosh shawls of Kashmir, shawls and woolen garments of Himachal Pradesh and other north eastern states provides excellent examples of world famous woolen Indian textiles. The barren and semi barren regions like Rajasthan and Gujarat usually prefers embroideredbright colored textiles. The coastal areas of the south eastern regions prefer light colored fabrics and particularly cotton and silk textiles are very popular over here. Thehome furnishing utilitarian textile products like bedspreads and sheets, pillows and cushions, linens and mats, curtains and napkins, carpets and rugs and many such other items are produced by all parts of the country. Distinct style and tradition of Indian textiles
?
?
? ?
Silk and cotton weaving predominates the rich tradition of weaving in India. Silk weaving is most popular in various parts of the country. Assam, Banaras, Mysore, Surat, Kanchipuram and Surat are all important centers of silk weaving. All these centers specialize mostly in cotton and silk sari weaving and some of the popular traditional Indian saris are Banarasi, Patola, Baluchari, Pochampalli, Paithani and many others. The ornate style of appliqué most commonly done bright colored fabrics from the Kutchh region of Gujarat is very popular in the country as well as in abroad. The state of Punjab is famous for its phulkari work. Lucknow, a city in Uttar Pradesh is famous for its chikan work Apart from those mentioned, each and every region and state of India has its own distinct individual style in textile.
19
TEXTILE DESIGNER
A textile designer has to deal with a great range of duties and responsibilities. A textile designer is generally responsible for the following activities. General work performed by textile designers :
? ? ? ? ?
Attracting clients by proper planning and presentation Briefing the initial ideas and concepts to clients Analysis and research works Development of design Commercial aspects of finished product
TEXTILE DESIGNER
primarily fall into two basic categories They either work for design agencies, manufacturers or retailers or they work as Freelancers.
A TEXTILE DESIGNER NEEDS THE FOLLOWING SKILLS AND QUALITIES .
• A basic understanding of color, texture and pattern • Creativity and artistic sense • Adequate knowledge of various techniques and characteristics of different textile materials • Knowledge of recent market trends • Ability to work in a team • Good communication skills • Knowledge of relevant softwares used in textile designing • Marketing, financial and administrative skills in case of freelancer To create innovative and a wide variety of designs, textile designers usually works in knit, print or weave.
20
THERE ARE TWO BASIC FIELDS IN TEXTILE DESIGNING .
• Interiors ( home furnishing ) • Fabrics for garments and accessories
SPECIALIZED WORKS PERFORMED BY TEXTILE DESIGNERS ARE CATEGORICALLY LISTED BELOW .
• Creating sample design set • Liaising with clients to plan and develop designs • Proper interpretation and representation of clients' ideas • Creating sketches and designs for presentation to the clients • Proper assessment of finished products • Utilizing specialized computer aided design software (CAD) to create a great variety of designs • Color, fabric and texture experimentation • Possessing updated knowledge of new developments in the field of designing and production techniques • Maintaining deadlines • Attending trade shows regularly • Getting updated with contemporary fashion trends in textile designing • Developing and maintaining a network of business contacts
21
GROWTHOF TEXTILE INDUSTRY
The textile policy of 1985 and the economic policy of 1991 accelerated the economic growth during 1990s. Textile sector growth has been led by the spinning and the manmade fibre industry. The number of cotton/ manmade fibre textile mills rose from 1035 in 87-88 to 1741 by December 1997. The number of spinning mills number rose to 1461 in December 1997 from 752 in 87-88. Liberalisation led to the installation of open-end rotors and setting up of Export Oriented unit ( EOU )2 . Currently India has the second highest spindleage in the world after China. Aggregate production of cloth during 1996-97 was 34,265 million sq. metres, an increase of nine percent over 1995-96. India's contribution in world production of cotton textiles was about 12 per cent a decade back, while currently it contributes to about 15 per cent of world cotton textiles India has the second-largest yarn-spinning capacity in the world (after China), accounting for roughly 20 percent of the world?s spindle capacity. India?s spinning segment is fairly modernized; approximately 35 to 40 percent of India?s spindles are less than 10 years old. During 1989-98, India was the leading buyer of spinning machinery, accounting for 28 per cent of world shipments. India?s production of spun yarn is accounted for almost entirely by the “organized mill sector,” which includes 285 large. Man-made fibers, wool and silk segment grew by modest 4.5 per cent per annum during the 5-year period 2000-01 to 2005-06.During the first year of quota-free global trade, production increased leaps and bounds. Textiles production increased 10 per cent over 2004. The growth was fuelled by a 22 per cent rise in production of other textiles (including apparels). Cotton textile also posted an increase of nine per cent.
22
TEXTILE TREND
India is the world?s second largest producer of textiles and garments after China. It is the world?s third largest producer of cotton-after China and the USA - and the second largest cotton consumer after China. The textile and garment industry in India is one of the oldest manufacturing sectors in the country and is currently the largest . The textile and garment industry fulfils a pivotal role in the Indian economy. It is a major foreign exchange earner and, after agriculture, it is the largest employer with a total workforce of 35 mn. In 2005 textiles and garments accounted for about 14 per cent of industrial production and 16 per cent of export earnings. In cotton yarn production India has made a mark in the world textile scenario. It is the largest exporter of the cotton yarns in the world. Besides yarn exports, India?s growing garment industry is working as a driving force to improve the yarn quality and to During 2004-05, production of fabrics touched a peak of 45,378 million square meters. In the year 2005-06 up to November, production of fabrics registered a further growth of 9 per cent over the corresponding period of the previous year. Textile exports during April-November 2005 were at US$ 9,309.81 million, up 8.21 per cent from US$ 8,603.33 million during the corresponding period of the previous year. The first year of the non-quota regime for textiles has seen Indian exports to the US grow by 27 per cent year on year to US$ 4.6 billion, according to data released by the Office of Textiles and Apparels (OTEXA), USA. In keeping with the trend of textile companies increasing capacity and adding
23
new manufacturing units, the last week of 2005 saw a substantial number of firms, both new and existing, queuing up to file an intent to manufacture document with the Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion (DIPP). Out of 161 companies that had filed Industrial Entrepreneur Memoranda (IEM) in the last week of December, textile firms accounted for more than a quarter of All new application
In fact, in the last six years, an estimated US$ 6.7 billion has been invested in the textiles sector, aided by the Technology Up gradation Fund (TUF) scheme. The TUF scheme expires in March next year (2007) and the quotas on China will be lifted in 2008. Hence, companies will continue to add capacities over the next year. Also, according to CRISIL, the sector is likely to rise over US$ 3.5 billion from the capital markets in the next few years.
SCHEMES TO STRENGTHEN INVESTMENT IN TEXTILE DURING THE TENTH PLAN COVER
Rearranging spinning capacity at present nearly 38 million spindles are already existed. About 10 million old spindles required to be scrapped, and another 15 million spindles to be modernized. Adding on, about 3 million new spindles have to be set up during the tenth plan period.
24
PERCENTAGE VISION OF INDIA 2010 FOR TEXTILES
? ? ? ? ?
Textile economy to grow to $85billion by 2010 Creation of 12 million new jobs in textile sector. To increase India?s share in world trade to six per cent by 2010. Achieve export value of $40 billion by 2010. Modernisation and consolidation for creating a globally competitive industry.
TREND SIN SPINNING
The spinning industry is the most modern and internationally competitive segment of India?s textile industry. Yarn production increased 4.5 per cent annually between 1990 and 2004, as rapid gains by independent spinners more than offset declining production from composite mills. Reflecting trends in domestic demand, the most rapid growth has been in the production of blended and 100-per cent manmade yarns. Between 1990 and 2004, production of manmade and blended yarns grew at annual rates of 8.6 per cent . and 9.1 per cent, respectively
EXPORT OF TEXTILE IN INDIA
World trade in textile in 2003 of which textile accounted for 43 per cent (US$169bn) and developed countries accounted for little over one third of world export in textile. The quota countries, USA, EU, and Canada accounted for 44
25
per cent of India?s textile exports. In the overall basket of cotton textile products in India, the share of cotton Madeups has gone up from US$174.03 million in April 2005 to US$181.10 million during April 2006, registering a growth of 4.07 per cent. In the case of cotton yarn there has been a growth of 11.92 per cent, while in the case of cotton fabrics, there has been a decline of 2.53 per cent.
26
Exhibit 2.2 shows that the exports of cotton textile in India. In this, „MADEUPS? shows the highest volume of export during the year 2006 and followed by „YARN? which was highest in the year 2005. Compared to „YARN? and „FABRIC?, the „MADEUPS? shows highest volume of export in the year 2005 and 2006.
27
The exhibit shows that India?s major markets for exports of cotton textiles in the year 2005 and 2006. In the year 2006 the major market for export of cotton textiles, was highest in the countries USA, Italy, Bangladesh, UK, China, Spain, and Portugal and the remaining countries export was highest in the year 2005.
INVESTMENT IN TEXTILE INDUSTRY
Investment is the key for Indian textiles to make rapid strides. The Vision Statement prepared by the Indian Cotton Mills? federation has projected that the industry has the potential to reach a size of $85 billion by 2010 from the current level of $ 36 billion. Further, the vision statement has estimated that textile exports could touch $40 billion by 2010 from $ 11 billion in 2002. In the process, India?s share in the global textile and clothing trade is expected to double from three percent in 2002 to six percent by 2010. To reach these ambitious target, it is estimated that new investment to the tune of Rs.1, 40,000 crores will be needed in the next five years. After analysing the capacity and technology levels in various segments of textile Industry and the need for modernisation, funds required for various segments have been below.
28
This Table shows the investment in textile industry in India. The requirement of Investment will be highest in the segment woven processing (i.e.) Rs. 25800 crores and next highest requirement will be clothing (i.e) Rs. 24,000 crores. The Requirement of investment in spinning shows fourth place (i.e) Rs 10600 crores and the minimum amount of investment need in the segment jute (i.e) 500 crore only.
29
ORGANISATION PROFILE INTRODUCATION
FUTURE WATCH (VISION) :
Company future watch will be increase company Two plant(2 other plant in ahme dabad), Increase Producation capacity with each plant of Rs.11 crore. In future each plant capacity approximately 21 thousand mtrs.
30
QUALITY POLICY
We the motivated and devoted work force of NHH TEXTILE are committed to produce whole some and Clear ccotton of excellent quality to remain market leader through deployment of quality management system, state-of- art technology innovation and operation of customer and betterment of cotton product
ACHIEVEMENT :
PRODUCT NAME: DYEING & PRINTING OF CLOTHES TWO TYPES OF COTTON:
1- GREY 2- COTTON
31
DEFINATION OF GREY :
GREY:
AN UNFINISHED FABRIC, JUST REMOVEFROM A KNITTING MACHINE OR A LOOMALSO CALLED GREY. 1- Fabric in the raw state, before dyeing or finishing process. 2- Grey fabric – raw fabric, before it is bleached and processed.
COTTON:
Cotton is probably one of the most common fabrics you?re likely to
have in your home as clothing cotton is a natural fiber and used in wide variety of clothing and home furnishing, cotton is easily washed or dry cleaned .cotton is a good strong fabric that is absorbent, and easy to work with, cotton has tendency to wrinkle very easily, so cotton polyester blends began to year round “breathing” and lack of pilling of one hundred percent cotton.
MACHINE FOR MANUFATURRING CLOTHES
Grey Cotton – Zet dyeing machine - Jigger machine
OIL REMOVE PROCESS OF GREY:
32
GREY
ZED DYEING MACHINE
WASHING ( AS PER DESIGN )
PROCESS COTTON
33
COTTON WASHING DESIZZING HEATING
ROLL
PRINTING ( MACHINE )
PRODUCTION PROCESS AFTER WASHING
34
CLOTHES
GREY WASHING FINISHING COMPLETE PRODUCT
35
36
COTTAN WASHING MENDING
PRINTINH
WASHING PRINTING FINISHING FINAL PRODUCT
37
38
39
Printing
40
Two types of printing: 1- Disperse 2- Pickment
? Disperse Printing
DISPERSE
WASHING
HEATING
LOOP MACHINE (FOR FASTRING OF COLOURE)
Pickment Printing
41
pickment
WASHING (FORRESIDUE CLEARING)
HEATING
FINISHING
PACKAGING
LOOP MACHINE
42
“Texfab” continuous steaming / curing / Polymerizing machine is the update and technologically advanced version of a textile processing machine the steaming chamber is closed type made completely in stainless steel AISI 316 . Fabric feed takes place though an opening on the front side whilst extraction is from the back side whilst extraction is from the back side. The fabric placed on rod itself. Loop formation is done by a dancing roller system. For tow temperature steaming textile processing machine has a chamber roof
which is heated by stem coils preventing condensation and drippings .Our steam agars are equipped with special device , a stem passes through the water before being injected into steaming chamber .These particular characteristics of steam pre- condition which prevent and control the exothermic reaction of the fabrics and of the printing paste , make our machine “ UNIQUE” of its kind and the basis of great success achieved all over in textile industries. For high temperature steaming our steam agars are equipped with efficient recirculation system and heat exchange using thermic fluid which ensure uniform temperature in the chamber special system to allow air to re-circulate instead of steam permitting of polymerization treatment with hot air up to 160degree C.
43
ROPE WASHER MACHINE
“Texfab” aqua wash open width and aqua wash rope washing machine textile washing machine, fabric washing machine, textile washing machine is the only one equipped textile washing machine with the exclusive rotary drum washing system with three drum in compartment. The fabric washing machine textile washing machine , Textile washing machine fabric washing machine consist of specially shaped in peeler in every drum in which water jets hitting to and from uniformly , pre washing , rising chemical treatment .
FEATURES
Very high washing performance on the upper and back side of fabric for its whole width. Efficient removal of unfixed dyestuff, gum and other chemicals from fabrics.Tensionless washing of fabrics, all the driven rolls powered by constant load motor with adjustable speeds has independent tanks, each one fitted with its own recirculation pump and filtering device.
FLAT BASED PRINTING MACHINE
1 Machine Type: Hydromag 5 Vc, Dryer Type: F 119. 2410 Drawing Made In 1987 Machine Number 1029. Running Time Until Now 23500 Hour Only Almost Now. Machine Can Print 6 Colure With Max Report Of 3 Meter
44
MEASUREMENT:
Input width 2.09 m Length of printing belt 16 m Length of dryer 9m Machine width 2.87m Width of printing belt 2.6 m Dryer is powered by electricity, previously run by steam.Professionalinstruction books in English germen and Russian languages are available.Machine isused for printing of flags banners, jerseys, curtains, and duvet covers e.t.c.On cotton polycotton and polyester .Trial print available before dismanting on site in talim. The deal includes also automatic step by step exposure table, over for drying and polymerization and about 300 printing frames in size 160x 260cm.Printing inks available separately. Price 100 ,-000 eur only.Printing machine capacity: 8000 mtr (Installed capacity not utilized)
ZET DYEING MACHINE
Dyeing machine and piece dyeing machine.Exclusive Feature 1 Capacity: 300 – 400 kg (Single tube) 2 Liquor ratios: 1:1(Wet fabric) 3 dye -30 to 450 grms / mtr . Sq fabrics (Polyester, Polyesterblends , woven & /knitted fabrics) 4 High temp: Up to 140degree C. 5 Fabric speed - 300 mtr/min 6 Loop lengths Up to 3000 mtr in polyester fabrics.
FULLY AUTOMATIC
45
1 PLC base autamation with graphics display and PLC control. 2 Moderate and auto liquor ratio 3 Digital level controlling system for accurate control dozing.
PRINTING MACHINE
The strong technical background and good experience of our working term, from time to time to research & study for the new technology of towel printing. We developed our new model KC7A-II, which is special designed for two different pattern of towels(especially beach towel)printing at the same production line, This flexibility in mass production and high efficiency of the model KC7A-II is the best partener of your production.Any size of towel(especially beach towel)can be arranged for two different design pattern lengths, to be printed side by side together in one production line. This is flexible selection for mass production for various different pattern design of printing and it is time saving for achieving high production efficiency. The new screen fixing device is so convenient for operation that every screen frame can be easily adjusted in any X-Y direction & the height above printing blanket and fixed for pattern matching. This ensures faster screen registation & pattern matching for every time of printing preparation work. The complete cover of machine body is constructed by stainless steel. This ensure easy cleaning of the machine and protected the machine to resists from chemical corrosin. For achieving of best printing effect, different printing mode can be setted for each individual printing unit, Printing speed is 20p/min. like: 1. The length of printing stroke 2. The printing speed 3. The printing squeegee pressure ( magnetic force ) 4. The location of start & end point of printing stroke
For two printing screens fixed parallel in line, operation work at both sides of the machine is very frequent, for the convenience of operator, overcrossing stand is provided above printing deck.
JOB IN TEXTILE :
46
In India, textile job openings in textile sector includestextile fabric manufacturingorganizations and a variety of companies which are engaged in producing finished textile products both in apparel and home furnishing. Information regarding various employment opportunities in Indian textile sector is available through varioustextile job agencies .
JOB SCHEDULE AND WORKING HOURS IN TEXTILE JOBS
Most professionals and workers in textile, apparel and furnishing services work a conventional standard 35 to 40 hour a week. However, low paid workers often need to stretch for long hours and are involved in laborious manual work and particularly shoe and leather workers, laundry and dry cleaning workers, tailors, dressmakers and sewers working commonly in retail stores even need to work in evenings and weekends. At times, rotating work schedules of shifts are used in many textile and fiber mills to prevent the employees from working continuously at day or night and these rotating shifts frequently results in sleeping disorders and stress related problems among the employees.
47
GROWTH OF THE TEXTILE SECTOR IN THE STATE
Gujarat Chief Minister Narendra Modi on Monday said the state has plans to establish a big textile park which would become a one-point centre for all textile related activities. Addressing a congregation of people belonging to the Sourashtra community in Tamil Nadu here, Modi said the proposed park would have all activities of the textile industry, including fibre, fabric, fashioning and export. Modi claimed Gujarat had made big strides under his leadership so much as that it had become the bench mark for measuring growth in the country. Gujarat had achieved 14 per cent growth rate compared to the country's rate of seven per cent now. The state's 1,600 km coastline with its 42 ports is dealing with more than 80 per cent of the cargo of the country. The Kutch region, regarded as a backward region in the past, would soon become the "Singapore of India" as it was experiencing a lot of developmental activities, he said. Kutch region had always shown negative growth with its the population declining on an yearly basis 50 years ago. Even the people belonging to the Sourashtra community, who came to Madurai nearly 500 years ago, may have come from this region. But after the earthquake that shook Kutch seven years ago, the region had grown by leaps and bounds and was poised to become the Singapore of India soon, Modi said. Gujarat which produced 23 lakh cotton bales during 2000-07 had increased the production manifold to 1.23 crore in 2007-08 due to developments carried out in the sector, he said. He called upon the people from the Sourashtra community to come and invest in the state and also bring their children on regular tours to the region to reorient them with their roots, he said. Source: The Hindu
48
ADVANTAGES OF COTTON TEXTILE
In addition to availability of large labor force with required skills at a comparatively cheap rate, Indian Textile Industry has a great advantage in that India is the third largest cotton producing country in the World. Moreover, India has the largest area under cotton in the world. Further the average cotton yields per hectare were as low as 310 kgs per hectare as against countries like China, Brazil and Australia where yield levels are over 1000 kgs per hectare and world average yield of 728 Kgs per hectare, no doubt in the previous two years, yield levels have gone up to 435 kgs. /hectare. The Indian Cotton Textile Industry can therefore, bank up on the domestic production of cotton to meet its raw material requirements. This is a major source of strength for the Indian Cotton Textile Industry. Of course, China and Pakistan are also major cotton producing countries and the cotton textile Industry in those countries also enjoy the same advantage as Indian Cotton Textile Industry.
49
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
DIRECTORS
DIRECTOR PURCHASE/ MARKETING/ ACCOUNT DEPT.
SENIOR PRODUCTION MANAGER
PLANT MANAGER
PLANT OPERATOR
DEPARTMENTAL STUDY :
PRINTING WASHING ACCO:UNT?S DYEING FINISHING PACKAGING Dispatch
50
? PRINTING : Two printing machine are worked in theCompany each one capacity is 8000 mtr/ ph itInstalled capacity not utilized. ? WASHING : Two kind?s of washing machine are available& work efficiently with the worker. MachineAre operated way ladies worker. ? ACCOUNT : Account department is concern with capital fFor meting financial needs over objective ofBusiness enterprise. ? DYEING
: Dyeing is the Process of cleaning & coloringof grey .
? FINISHING: Finishing machine operated by gent?s worker.His capacity is25000 to 60000 mtr. ? PACKAGING: Packaging is to pack the product afterGetting finish and check from theLaboratory through supervisor.
EMPLOYEE SUMMARY :
Company is partnership firm than no more detail of work but some detail as under Approximately 120 worker work in the company. Both male and female. Most of the male worker are illiterate and some male are also illiterate, but allover performance of worker to work or toward company is very good.
.
51
RESEARCH METHDOLOGY
Research methodology used for data collection is primary data collection method & interview method for collection of data.
SWOT ANALYSIS STRENGTHS
1. NHH Textile Industry is an Independent & Self-Reliant industry. 2. Abundant Raw Material availability that helps Company to control costs and reduces the lead-time across the operation. 3. Availability of Low Cost and Skilled Manpower provides competitive advantage to industry. 4. Availability of large varieties of cotton fiber and has a fast growing synthetic fiber industry. 5. India has great advantage in Spinning Sector and has a presence in all process of operation and value chain. 6. Company has large and diversified segments that provide wide variety of products. 9. Growing Economy and Potential Domestic and International Market. 10. Company has Manufacturing Flexibility that helps to increase the productivity.
WEAKNESSES
52
1. Company is highly Fragmented Industry. 2. company is highly dependent on Cotton. 3. Lower Productivity in various segments. 4. There is Declining in Mill Segment. 5. Lack of Technological Development that affect the productivity and other activities in whole value chain. 6. Infrastructural Bottlenecks and Efficiency such as, Transaction Time at Ports and transportation Time. 7. Unfavorable labor Laws. 8. Lacking to generate Economies of Scale. 9. Higher Indirect Taxes, Power and Interest Rates.
OPPORTUNITIES
1. Growth rate of Domestic Textile Industry is 6-8% per annum. 2. Large, Potential Domestic and International Market. 3. Product development and Diversification to cater global needs. 4. Elimination of Quota Restriction leads to greater Market Development. 5. Market is gradually shifting towards Branded Readymade Garment. 7. Emerging Retail Industry and Malls provide huge opportunities for the Apparel, Handicraft and other segments of the Company. 8. Greater Investment and FDI opportunities are available.
THREATS:
53
1. Competition from other developing countries, especially China. 2. Continuous Quality Improvement is need of the hour as there are different demand patterns all over the world. 3. Elimination of Quota system will lead to fluctuations in Export Demand. 4. Threat for Traditional Market for Powerloom and Handloom Products and forcing them for product diversification. 5. Geographical Disadvantages. 6. International labor and Environmental Laws. 7. To balance the demand and supply. 8. To make balance between price and quality.
LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
? ? ? My study was restricted to only in side of company. Very first interface with this Industry. Company is very wide than all department study is not possible.
54
LEARNING
? ? ? ? I got practical knowledge of whole textile industries. I also came to know regarding the environment & Culture of organization. I have understood the systemetic knowledge of the organization. I also got the opportunity to work with the corporate field level people
FINDINGS
Company has monopoly in production of all products. so management has not given permission to me for enter in production plant and also does not give information about departmental study, Accunting detail ,
CONCLUSION
So, according to all above data of report I conclude that company’s management system is very best and also company takes many steps for awareness of its employees and also for society. Company is very strict for safety, indicates its strictness about safety. Company provides many facilities to its employees it is very good. Also company follows the all rules and regulations of government. Company has to takes more steps for reduce the employees turnover ratio. so company can keep its monopoly.
20.Bibliography 55
www.alibaba.com www.tradeindia.com www.maps-india.com www.india-crafts.com
56
doc_146309127.pdf