Description
The PPT highlights on Personality.
Personality
Individual Differences
Thanks to a vast array of individual differences, modern organizations have a rich and interesting human texture. - Individual differences make the manager’s job endlessly challenging Self Concept: The I & Me in OB - Self is the core of one’s conscious existence. - Awareness of self is is referred to as one’s self-concept - It is the concept the individual has of him/herself as a physical, social, spiritual or moral being - Because you have a self-concept you recognize yourself as a distinct human - A self-concept will be impossible without the capacity to think
Individual Differences
Cognitions: represent “any knowledge, opinion, or beliefs of the environment, about oneself, or about one’s behaviour American culture: large public self: prides self as open, honest, candid and to the point Japanese culture:culturally discourage self-disclosure, typically view Americans as blunt, prying, and insensitive to formalities Americans see Japanese as distant, cold and evasive No culture are right or wrong, they are just different Self-Esteem:A belief about one’s own self-worth based on overall self evaluation Self-Efficacy: Those who are confident of their ability tend to succeed, while those who are preoccupied with failing tend to fail.
Personality – Definition
? Individuals have their own way of thinking and acting, their own unique style and personality. ? The dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine his unique adjustments to his environment. ? The sum total of the ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others. ? The individual’s personality is made up of heredity, environment and moderated by the environment ? Your personality type is determined by preferred way of relating to others and to the world – how you focus your attention, acquire information, make decisions, and orient yourself towards the outside world
Personality Attributes affecting OB
• Locus of control: Internals and Externals • Machiavellianism: Pragmatism, emotional distance, believes ends justify the means • Self-esteem: degree individual like or dislike themselves • Self-monitoring: Individual’s ability to adjust behaviour to external situations • Risk taking: Willingness to take chances • Type A and B personality:
A: Impatient; hectic pace; can’t cope with leisure; obsessed with numbers; measuring B: No sense of urgency; play for fun and relaxation; relax without guilt
The Big Five Model
? Extraversion: outgoing, talkative, sociable, assertive ? Agreeableness: Trusting, good natured, cooperative, soft hearted ? Conscientiousness: Dependable, responsible, achievement oriented, persistent ? Emotional stability: Relaxed, secure, unworried ? Openness to experience: Intellectual, imaginative, curious, broadminded
Sixteen Personality Factors
Person – Job Fit
• Fit between an individual’s personality characteristics and his/her occupational environment. • Holland’s six personality types: - Realistic: Physical activities requiring skill, strength and coordination - Investigative: Activities involving thinking, organizing and understanding - Social: involving helping and developing others - Conventional: Rule related, orderly and unambiguous - Enterprising: Verbal activities with opportunities to influence others and attain power - Artistic: Prefers ambiguous and unsystematic activities that allow creative expressions
Shaping Personality
• We are constantly playing different roles, in different situations and with different people • Sometimes situations shape our role – we step into different costumes to take on different roles • Occasions when there is an uncertain fit between who we are or expect to be and the role required • Changes mean we need to act in a new way, perhaps change your image and bring out a hidden side of you. • You need to make a personality change to alter the way you act or are, to fit better or get along with others • We are quite plastic and can adapt ourselves to behave differently
Shaping Personality
• Possible to make a 180 degree change in our personality: - Need to determine personality traits that no longer work and figure out what qualities we need to adopt to become successful - Practice the new traits • Another way to create change in your personality: be aware of the trait you are using, control it and use a more appropriate one • 4 steps to changing your personality:
Determine how you want to change --- what or who you want to become Create a mental script --- imagine yourself in the new role Practice your mental script to reinforce your new image of yourself Play out your mental script in life.
• Check out what aspect of your personality you do not like and imaging the opposite
Mental Scripting
• In mental scripting you create a detailed scenario in which you mentally play out a desired role again and again until you create a habit or a pattern of action - As you repeatedly experience the action mentally, you reinforce the pattern in your mind - This, in turn, makes you feel more and more certain you can play the role, and the confidence carries over into playing the scene in every day life • Once you have created a mental script, practice applying it in the real world - Practice it a few minutes every day, until you feel really that new trait becomes part of you.
doc_954459421.ppt
The PPT highlights on Personality.
Personality
Individual Differences
Thanks to a vast array of individual differences, modern organizations have a rich and interesting human texture. - Individual differences make the manager’s job endlessly challenging Self Concept: The I & Me in OB - Self is the core of one’s conscious existence. - Awareness of self is is referred to as one’s self-concept - It is the concept the individual has of him/herself as a physical, social, spiritual or moral being - Because you have a self-concept you recognize yourself as a distinct human - A self-concept will be impossible without the capacity to think
Individual Differences
Cognitions: represent “any knowledge, opinion, or beliefs of the environment, about oneself, or about one’s behaviour American culture: large public self: prides self as open, honest, candid and to the point Japanese culture:culturally discourage self-disclosure, typically view Americans as blunt, prying, and insensitive to formalities Americans see Japanese as distant, cold and evasive No culture are right or wrong, they are just different Self-Esteem:A belief about one’s own self-worth based on overall self evaluation Self-Efficacy: Those who are confident of their ability tend to succeed, while those who are preoccupied with failing tend to fail.
Personality – Definition
? Individuals have their own way of thinking and acting, their own unique style and personality. ? The dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine his unique adjustments to his environment. ? The sum total of the ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others. ? The individual’s personality is made up of heredity, environment and moderated by the environment ? Your personality type is determined by preferred way of relating to others and to the world – how you focus your attention, acquire information, make decisions, and orient yourself towards the outside world
Personality Attributes affecting OB
• Locus of control: Internals and Externals • Machiavellianism: Pragmatism, emotional distance, believes ends justify the means • Self-esteem: degree individual like or dislike themselves • Self-monitoring: Individual’s ability to adjust behaviour to external situations • Risk taking: Willingness to take chances • Type A and B personality:
A: Impatient; hectic pace; can’t cope with leisure; obsessed with numbers; measuring B: No sense of urgency; play for fun and relaxation; relax without guilt
The Big Five Model
? Extraversion: outgoing, talkative, sociable, assertive ? Agreeableness: Trusting, good natured, cooperative, soft hearted ? Conscientiousness: Dependable, responsible, achievement oriented, persistent ? Emotional stability: Relaxed, secure, unworried ? Openness to experience: Intellectual, imaginative, curious, broadminded
Sixteen Personality Factors
Person – Job Fit
• Fit between an individual’s personality characteristics and his/her occupational environment. • Holland’s six personality types: - Realistic: Physical activities requiring skill, strength and coordination - Investigative: Activities involving thinking, organizing and understanding - Social: involving helping and developing others - Conventional: Rule related, orderly and unambiguous - Enterprising: Verbal activities with opportunities to influence others and attain power - Artistic: Prefers ambiguous and unsystematic activities that allow creative expressions
Shaping Personality
• We are constantly playing different roles, in different situations and with different people • Sometimes situations shape our role – we step into different costumes to take on different roles • Occasions when there is an uncertain fit between who we are or expect to be and the role required • Changes mean we need to act in a new way, perhaps change your image and bring out a hidden side of you. • You need to make a personality change to alter the way you act or are, to fit better or get along with others • We are quite plastic and can adapt ourselves to behave differently
Shaping Personality
• Possible to make a 180 degree change in our personality: - Need to determine personality traits that no longer work and figure out what qualities we need to adopt to become successful - Practice the new traits • Another way to create change in your personality: be aware of the trait you are using, control it and use a more appropriate one • 4 steps to changing your personality:
Determine how you want to change --- what or who you want to become Create a mental script --- imagine yourself in the new role Practice your mental script to reinforce your new image of yourself Play out your mental script in life.
• Check out what aspect of your personality you do not like and imaging the opposite
Mental Scripting
• In mental scripting you create a detailed scenario in which you mentally play out a desired role again and again until you create a habit or a pattern of action - As you repeatedly experience the action mentally, you reinforce the pattern in your mind - This, in turn, makes you feel more and more certain you can play the role, and the confidence carries over into playing the scene in every day life • Once you have created a mental script, practice applying it in the real world - Practice it a few minutes every day, until you feel really that new trait becomes part of you.
doc_954459421.ppt