Description
managementinfromation system
Management Information Systems
Transaction Processing Systems (TPS) ± Support operation ± Management and control ± Routine, normal operations Management Information Systems (MIS) ± Provide decisionmaking support for routine, structured decisions ± Closely linked to and fed by TPS
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10
1
Management Information Systems
? Terminology Confusion ± MIS = the study of information technology in business settings ± But, MIS is also term to refer to class of systems used to support operational and tactical decisionmaking
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10
2
A Model for Problem Solving
? Decision Making Phase ± Intelligence gathering ± Design ± Choice ? Implementation ? Monitoring
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10
3
Decision Making
? A step in problem solving ? Intelligence gathering ± Definition of problem ± Data gathered on scope ± Constraints identified ? Design phase ± Alternatives identified and assessed ? Choice ± Selection of an alternative
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10 4
Structured vs. Unstructured Problems
? Structured problems lend themselves to programmed decisions ± The implication is that a repeatable process can be employed and these can be automated ? Unstructured problems require unprogrammed decisions
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10
5
Unstructured Problems
? Can be addressed (or partially addressed) with Decision Support Systems
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10
6
Structured Problems
? Can be addressed by an MIS ? Three decision models or techniques ± Optimization
? Find the best solution
± Satisficing
? Find a solution which meets certain criteria
± Heuristics
? Rule-based solution generation
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10 7
Goals of an MIS
? Provide managers with information ? Regular, routine operations ? Control, organize and plan better
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10
8
Typical Inputs and Outputs
? Inputs: Information from the TPS ? Outputs: hard and softcopy reports ± Scheduled reports ± On-demand reports ± Key-indicator (business fundamentals) ± Exception reports
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10
9
Functional Perspectives of MIS
? Financial MIS ± Will integrate information from multiple sources ± Functions
? Costing ? P&L reporting ? Auditing ? Funds management
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10 10
Functional Perspectives of MIS
? Manufacturing ± Design and Engineering ± Master Production Scheduling ± Inventory Control ± Materials Planning ± Manufacturing and Process Control ± Quality Control
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10 11
Functional Perspectives of MIS
? Marketing ± Market research
? Web-based market research
± Pricing
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10
12
Functional Perspectives of MIS
? Transportation and Logistics ± Route and schedule optimization ? Human Resources ? Accounting
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10
13
Decision Support Systems
? Used for unstructured problems ? Characteristics ± Data from multiple sources internal and external to organization ± Presentation flexibility ± Simulation and what-if capability ± Support for multiple decision approaches ± Statistical analysis
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10 14
Components of a DSS
? Model management software ± Provides a variety of solution models
? Financial, statistical, graphical, project management
? Dialogue Manager ± Allows user interaction with DSS
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10
15
Group Decision Making Systems
? Very interesting field ? How can information technology improve how decisions are made by groups?
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10
16
Group Decision Making Systems
? Applications ± Where time is critical ± Where participants are geographically dispersed ± Where authority obstructs communication ± Military ± Business ± Government
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10 17
Group Decision Making Systems
? Common characteristics ± Meeting moderation/facilitation ± Signed and anonymous comments ± Structured deliberations
? ? ? ? Presentation period Comment period Automated collation of comments ³Voting´
? Face-to-face and remote
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10 18
Executive Information Systems
? What information does a chief executive of board member require?
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10
19
Executive Information Systems
? High level with drill down ? Key business and industry data ? Structured and unstructured information ± Structured: MTD orders ± Unstructured: Industry newsfeed ? Graphical
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10
20
doc_743743176.ppt
managementinfromation system
Management Information Systems
Transaction Processing Systems (TPS) ± Support operation ± Management and control ± Routine, normal operations Management Information Systems (MIS) ± Provide decisionmaking support for routine, structured decisions ± Closely linked to and fed by TPS
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10
1
Management Information Systems
? Terminology Confusion ± MIS = the study of information technology in business settings ± But, MIS is also term to refer to class of systems used to support operational and tactical decisionmaking
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10
2
A Model for Problem Solving
? Decision Making Phase ± Intelligence gathering ± Design ± Choice ? Implementation ? Monitoring
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10
3
Decision Making
? A step in problem solving ? Intelligence gathering ± Definition of problem ± Data gathered on scope ± Constraints identified ? Design phase ± Alternatives identified and assessed ? Choice ± Selection of an alternative
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10 4
Structured vs. Unstructured Problems
? Structured problems lend themselves to programmed decisions ± The implication is that a repeatable process can be employed and these can be automated ? Unstructured problems require unprogrammed decisions
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10
5
Unstructured Problems
? Can be addressed (or partially addressed) with Decision Support Systems
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10
6
Structured Problems
? Can be addressed by an MIS ? Three decision models or techniques ± Optimization
? Find the best solution
± Satisficing
? Find a solution which meets certain criteria
± Heuristics
? Rule-based solution generation
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10 7
Goals of an MIS
? Provide managers with information ? Regular, routine operations ? Control, organize and plan better
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10
8
Typical Inputs and Outputs
? Inputs: Information from the TPS ? Outputs: hard and softcopy reports ± Scheduled reports ± On-demand reports ± Key-indicator (business fundamentals) ± Exception reports
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10
9
Functional Perspectives of MIS
? Financial MIS ± Will integrate information from multiple sources ± Functions
? Costing ? P&L reporting ? Auditing ? Funds management
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10 10
Functional Perspectives of MIS
? Manufacturing ± Design and Engineering ± Master Production Scheduling ± Inventory Control ± Materials Planning ± Manufacturing and Process Control ± Quality Control
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10 11
Functional Perspectives of MIS
? Marketing ± Market research
? Web-based market research
± Pricing
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10
12
Functional Perspectives of MIS
? Transportation and Logistics ± Route and schedule optimization ? Human Resources ? Accounting
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10
13
Decision Support Systems
? Used for unstructured problems ? Characteristics ± Data from multiple sources internal and external to organization ± Presentation flexibility ± Simulation and what-if capability ± Support for multiple decision approaches ± Statistical analysis
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10 14
Components of a DSS
? Model management software ± Provides a variety of solution models
? Financial, statistical, graphical, project management
? Dialogue Manager ± Allows user interaction with DSS
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10
15
Group Decision Making Systems
? Very interesting field ? How can information technology improve how decisions are made by groups?
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10
16
Group Decision Making Systems
? Applications ± Where time is critical ± Where participants are geographically dispersed ± Where authority obstructs communication ± Military ± Business ± Government
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10 17
Group Decision Making Systems
? Common characteristics ± Meeting moderation/facilitation ± Signed and anonymous comments ± Structured deliberations
? ? ? ? Presentation period Comment period Automated collation of comments ³Voting´
? Face-to-face and remote
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10 18
Executive Information Systems
? What information does a chief executive of board member require?
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10
19
Executive Information Systems
? High level with drill down ? Key business and industry data ? Structured and unstructured information ± Structured: MTD orders ± Unstructured: Industry newsfeed ? Graphical
MIS 175 Spring 2002 Chapter 10
20
doc_743743176.ppt