Description
This study aims to find out if there is an effect of banking automation on the size of disguised
unemployment and structural disguised unemployment in Syrian banks.
The sample of study is stratified cluster and it consisted of (191) officials. The study concluded the
following:
-There is an effect of banking automation in Syria on disguised unemployment appearing at the size
increase of this unemployment as much as about 17% of full time clocks.
- There were significant differences in the size of disguised unemployment due to the sector's type that the
bank belongs to, and this size was bigger in the governmental banks.
2214-4625/$ – see front matter © 2014 Holy Spirit University of Kaslik. Hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aebj.2014.07.001
ARAB ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS JOURNAL 9 (2014) 175–187
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
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j our nal homepage: www. el sevi er. com/ l ocat e/ aebj
* Corresponding author. Tel.: 00963-967-844-239; fax:
E-mail address: rula-1972@hotmail .com
Peer review under responsibility of Holy Spirit University of Kaslik.
Conference Title
??????? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ???? – ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ?
Measurement of the influence of banking automation on unemployment-
Analytical study on Syrian banks
* ? ?????? ?????? ???
1
? ???? ????? ????
2
??? ???? ??? ?
3
????? ???????? ?????? ?????
Mohammad Alsattouf
a
, Mohammad Sobeih
b
, Rula Ghossen
c
Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria
A R T I C L E I N F O
Article history:
Received 06 October 13
Received in revised form 15 January 14
Accepted 21 May 14
Keywords:
Automation
Banking automation
Unemployment
A B S T R A C T
This study aims to find out if there is an effect of banking automation on the size of disguised
unemployment and structural disguised unemployment in Syrian banks.
The sample of study is stratified cluster and it consisted of (191) officials. The study concluded the
following:
-There is an effect of banking automation in Syria on disguised unemployment appearing at the size
increase of this unemployment as much as about 17% of full time clocks.
- There were significant differences in the size of disguised unemployment due to the sector's type that the
bank belongs to, and this size was bigger in the governmental banks.
-There is an effect of banking automation in Syria as structural disguised unemployment appears at being
12% of Syrian Banks. Officials never had convenient qualification to deal with automating system and
about 45% of them have rather convenient qualification to deal with this system. Therefore, we found that
there is a part of technological disguised unemployment in Syrian banks due to those unqualification
officials.
- There were significant differences in the size of worker's training due to the sector's type that the bank
belongs to, and this size was bigger in the private banks.
176 ARAB ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS JOURNAL 9 (2014) 175–187
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© 2013 Holy Spirit University of Kaslik . Hosting by ElsevierB.V. All rights reserved. © 2014 Holy Spirit University of Kaslik. Hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
ARAB ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS JOURNAL 9 (2014) 175–187 177
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178 ARAB ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS JOURNAL 9 (2014) 175–187
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???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????
Equal Variance not assumed
?? ????
05 . 0 016 . 0 ) 2 .( taild sig
??????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???? ????? ????????
??? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ???
????? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??????
?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ????
??????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???????
.????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??
:????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ????
???????? ??????? ??????? .
??????? ??? ?????? ? ????????? ?????????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ????? ????
??????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ?
) ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? 3 :???? (
?????? 3 - ??? ????????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ?????????
???? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? .
*
Levene
??????
?? ?????? ??????? ????? ??) ??????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ??
(??
???? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ???
sig
182 ARAB ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS JOURNAL 9 (2014) 175–187
??????
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???????
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??????? ?????? ????
???
??????? 73 96
?????? 38.2 % 50.3 %
?? ?????
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?????? 45.5 %
?
??????? 23 88
?????? 12.0 % 46.1 %
? ?? ? ?
??????? 8 6
?????? 4.2 % 3.1 %
??????? ??????? 2.27 1.52
??????? ???? ??
?
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???????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? :??????
??????? spss 15 .
) ?????? ?? ???? 3 ????? ?? ( 50 ?? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ??? %
???????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ???????
?????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? 38.2 ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ???????? ?? ??? %
? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? 45.4 ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? %
12 ?? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????
?
???? ?????? ? %
??? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ??
?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ???
???? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ????
??? ??????? ?????? ???? .??????? ?????
:????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???
??????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ????????? ????? ?? .
??? ???????? ????????? (?) ?????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????
?????? ??? ???? ???? ????????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????????
) ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? 2 ?? ??? ??? .(?) ?????? ?? (
?? ????? ?????? ???? 6.123 ???? ?????? 0.014 ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?
) 0.05 ??????? ????? ??????) ????????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ???? (
?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? (?????
Equal Variance not assumed
?? ????
05 . 0 002 . 0 ) 2 .( taild sig
??? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???? ????? ????????
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.???????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ?? ??????? ???
????????? ?????????? 7.
:??????????
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?
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??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????
????? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ???????
???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ???
?? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?????
??? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????
??? ????? .??? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????
3 - ???? ????????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ?????
???? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ????
???????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ??
??????? ?????? ????? ? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ???
?
????? ????? ??????
?? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ???? ???
?? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???????
.?????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????
:????????
1 - ????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????
??? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???
:??? ????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ?????
- ??? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????
?????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????????? ??
?
??? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ???????
.?????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????
- ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????
.?????????? ??? ??????
- ??? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ????
??? ??? ?? ?????? ????? .??? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ??
- ????? ???? ????
?
?????
?
??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????? ???
??? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ????????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ? ???? ???? ????????
??? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?
???????? ???????? ???????? ???? ? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? .
2 - ???????? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ??????
?? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???
? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????
??????? ???? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ??????
???? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ????????? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???
????? ??? ???????? ???????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ??????
????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ???????
?
??????? .??????? ??????? ??? ??
??? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ???????? ???? ????????? ???????
??? .?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ??
?
?
???????
????? ???? ? .? ) 2009 .( ??? ?? ???????? ????????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ??
??????? . ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? . 2009 ? 124 .
ARAB ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS JOURNAL 9 (2014) 175–187 183
??????? ? . ) 2011 .( .????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ????
?
?? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ???
???? .??????? 4 - 7 ?????? 2001 . 82 ?? . 27 ???? ???? 2011 :?????? ????? .
www.yemennic.info/files/financial/ex
? ????? ?.? ??????? ) . 2006 .( ?? ????? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???
??? ?????? ???? .?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ????????
??????? - ?????? ?????????? ?????? ????? 28 ) 3 ( ? 79 - 96 .
) .? ????? ????? 2007 .( ??????? ????? ?? 1994 – 2004 . ?????? ??????? ?????? ?
?????? ????? 69 ?? 6 ???? ???? ????? 2009 :?????? ????? .http://www.cbssyr.org
.? ????? ?.? ??????? ) 2013 .( ?????? . ??????? ???????? ?? ? 11 ???? ?????? ????? 2013 .
??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? 2011 .????? ????? ? 45 ?? 14 ???? ?????? ?????
2012 :?????? ????? . www.cbs-bank.sy
? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ???
?????? ????? 31 / 12 / 2010 .????? ????? ?
??????? ??????? ????? ) 2008 ( ? . ? 25 ???? ????? 2012 ????? . :??????
www.murabahacapital.com/pdf/bank-act-2008.pdf
? ??????? . ) 2009 .( ??? ?? ??????? ???? .????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ????
?????? - ????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? 23 ) 2 ( ? 3 - 42 ? ?? 4 ???? ????
2011 :?????? ????? .http://www.kau.edu.sa/centers/spc/jkau/economics
?.? ????? ?? ) .? ?? 2009 .( ????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ???? ?? ??????? ???
??? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ???? .? ????? ? 95 ?? . 28 ?????
???? ???? 2011 :?????? ????? ?http://www.4shared.com
) .? ????? ?.? ????? 2004 .( ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ??
???????? . ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ???? - ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?????
26 ) 2 ?( 125 - 140 .
) .? ????? 2004 .( ???????? ??????????? ??? ? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? .
??????? ? ?? .??? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ???? 10 ???? ?????? ????? 2014 ????? .
:?????? http:// www.alnodom.com/.../5471
) .? ???? 2011 .( ???????? ?????? ??? .????????? ???????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ? ??? ?
?????? ?????? ????? ???????? 143 .
) .? ????? 2001 .( ? ??? ??? ?????????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? . ?????
??????? ? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? 158 .
) .??? ????????? ?.? ???? ??? ?.? ????? 2008 .( ??????? .?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????
??????? ???????? ????? ????? ???? - ?????? ?????????? ?????? ????? 30 ) 5 ?( 111 -
128 .
????? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ?? 24 ????
???? 2013 :?????? ????? .http://www.banquecentrale.gov.sy .
?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? 9 / 10 / 2012 .
) ???????? ???????? ???? 2009 ? ?????? ????? ?"????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????" ?( 116 .
?? 16 ???? ?? 2011 :?????? ????? . www.investinsyria.org
) ???????? ???????? ???? 2011 ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?( 2011 .????? ????? ?
????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ?? 18 ???? ?????? 2011 .
Baloh, P., Trakman, P. (2012). Influence of Internet and Information
Technology on Work and Human Resource Management. Informing
Science, Faculty of Economics, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, 497-
506, 2003. 30http://www. .informingscience.orghttp://www. douis.free.fr/article/e-commerce-ogx/Mesitfa.pdf
Glenn, D. Israel. (1992). Determining Sample Size, University of Florida-
IFAS extension. 7-10 Janu 2012.
McAfee, A. (2012). Could Automation Lead to Chronic Unemployment? 28
Dece 2012.http://www.forbes.com
Nafie, S. (2007). Unemployment: A chronic problem looking for solution. 8
Janu.2013.http://www. i-james.org/Issue-01/1.pdf
vensen, G. An asset index for the Syrian 2003 Unemployment Survey.
Fafo- paper 2006:01. 11 Janu 2013.http://www.fafo.no/Englishhttp://www.syriagate.com, www.investinsyria.org
Suede. M. (2012). Technological Automation is not the Cause of Our
Chronic Unemployment Problem. 28 Dece 2012.http://www.policymic.com,http://www. arab-ency.com/index.php?module...func...term...
.
184 ARAB ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS JOURNAL 9 (2014) 175–187
??????
) ?????? ? (
?????? 1 - ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ????? : - ???????? - ?????? - ???? ???????? ??? .
?????? ??? ???????? ????? ????? ???
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????? ????
%??????
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????????? ??????
??????? ??????? ???? ??? 4 / 1 / 2004 5000 49 35 613
??????? ????? ??? 7 / 1 / 2004 4000 49 24 356
???????? ??????? ?????? ????? 3 / 4 / 2004 5000 49 26 392
???? ??? – ????? 15 / 9 / 2005 5724.5 49 21 469
?????? ??? - ????? 5 / 12 / 2005 6120 49 10 312
?????? ????? - ????? 2 / 1 / 2006 5050 49 21 293
??????? ????? ??? 13 / 6 / 2007 3000 49 11 146
????? ??? - ????? 18 / 11 / 2008 3000 49 12 149
??????? ??? - ????? 15 / 1 / 2009 5250 49 3 100
????? ??? 3 / 5 / 2009 2500 49 4 65
?????? ??? ??? – ????? 16 / 11 / 2009 15000 49 1 76
??????? 59644.5 49 168 2971
?????? ???????
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????? ??? 27 / 8 / 2007 5000 49 6 103
?????? ??? - ????? 1 / 6 / 2010 5000 49 5 -
??????? 18112.31 49 19 429
??????? 77756.81 187 3400
:?????? - ?? ???? ????????? ?????? 23 ???? ???? 2013 :
- ) ???????? ???????? ???? 2009 ?????? ???????? ?????" ?( ????? ?? ? ?????? ????? ?" 116 ?? . 16 ???? ?? 2011 :?????? ????? .
< www.investinsyria.org>
- ) ???????? ???????? ???? 2011 ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?( 2011 .????? ????? ? 128 ?? . 14 ???? ?????? ????? 2012 :?????? ????? .
? ????? 2 - (????????? ??????? ????????) ???????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????? .
??????? ????? ?????
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????
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???
36 - 45
???
46 ???
?????
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??????? 75 116 18 96 52 22 3
??????
???????
39.3 % 60.7 % 9.42 % 50.26 % 27.22 % 11.51 % 1.57 %
??????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ??????
????
???????
????
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?? ?
??????? ?????? ????
?????
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??????? 88 93 1 4 5 8 26 34 106 3 13 1
??????
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46.1 % 48.7 % 0.5 % 2.1 % 2.6 % 4.2 % 13.6 % 17.8 % 55.5 % 1.6 % 6.8 % 0.5 %
??????? ?????? ??????? ??????
????
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5 ?????
????
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?????
11 - 15
???
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???
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??
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????
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??????? 71 47 35 16 19 3 1 4 13 33 29 107 4
?????? 37.2 % 24.6 % 18.3 % 8.4 % 9.9 % 1.6 % 0.5 % 2.1 % 6.8 % 17.3 % 15.2 % 56 % 2.1 %
ARAB ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS JOURNAL 9 (2014) 175–187 185
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????? ?(?????? ????? ??? ??) ???????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? .?????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??? ????????? ??? ??? ? ? ???????? ???????
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3 - :????? ....................
4 - :???????? ?????? ? ???????? ? ??????? ? ?????? ? ????? ???? ? ?????? ????? ? ???? ?????? ????? ? ??????? ? .???????
5 - :??????? ?????? ? ???? ? ???? ????? ? ????? ???? ? ???? ???? ? ???? ? ...????? ??? ????
6 - ............. :???????? ?????? ????? ???
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?
????? ????????
? ......................??????? ??????? ??? ? ...................??????? ??????? ???
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??? ??????? ???? ? : ?????? ? ???? ? ????
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14 - ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?? ? ??? ? ??
?
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15 - ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ?? ?? ? ??? ? ?
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186 ARAB ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS JOURNAL 9 (2014) 175–187
* - ?????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ???? ? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?? :???????? ????????
(?) ??????
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??? ???????? ??????? ??? .
Group Statistics
Std.
Error
Mean
Std.
Deviation
Mean N ?????? ??? ??? ???????
?? ????????
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?? ?????? ????
??????? ??? ???
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????
.055 .677 2.28 150 ???
.052 .296 2.09 32 ???
?? ?? ? 9
Independent Samples Test
Levene's
Test for
Equality of
Variances
t-test for Equality of Means
F
Sig.
t Df Sig.
(2-
tailed)
Mean
Difference
Std.
Error
Difference
95% Confidence
Interval
of the Difference
Lower Upper
???????
?? ??? ?
????????
????
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???
??????
Equal
variances
assumed
Equal
variances
not
assumed
44.1 000 1.52
2.44
180
110.1
1.29
0.16
1.86
1.86
1.22
0.76
-0.55
0.35
4.27
3.37
ARAB ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS JOURNAL 9 (2014) 175–187 187
(?) ??????
?????? 2 - ?????? (?) ?????? ?????
???? ????????? ??????? ??? ?????
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Group Statistics
Std.
Error
Mean
Std.
Deviation
Mean N ?????? ??? ?????
????????? ???????
??? ???? ????
?????? ?? ??????
.219 2.678 1.41 150 ???
.805 4.408 4.23 30 ???
?? ?? ? 11
Independent Samples Test
Levene's
Test for
Equality of
Variances
t-test for Equality of Means
F
Sig.
T df Sig.
(2-
tailed)
Mean
Difference
Std.
Error
Difference
95% Confidence
Interval
of the Difference
Lower Upper
??????? ??? ?????
???? ???? ?????????
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Equal
variances
assumed
Equal
variances
not
assumed
6.12 0.14 -4.65
-3.38
178
33.404
0.00
0.02
-2.820
-2.820
6.06
8.34
-4.015
-4.516
-1.625
-1.124
doc_125119723.pdf
This study aims to find out if there is an effect of banking automation on the size of disguised
unemployment and structural disguised unemployment in Syrian banks.
The sample of study is stratified cluster and it consisted of (191) officials. The study concluded the
following:
-There is an effect of banking automation in Syria on disguised unemployment appearing at the size
increase of this unemployment as much as about 17% of full time clocks.
- There were significant differences in the size of disguised unemployment due to the sector's type that the
bank belongs to, and this size was bigger in the governmental banks.
2214-4625/$ – see front matter © 2014 Holy Spirit University of Kaslik. Hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aebj.2014.07.001
ARAB ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS JOURNAL 9 (2014) 175–187
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
ScienceDirect
j our nal homepage: www. el sevi er. com/ l ocat e/ aebj
* Corresponding author. Tel.: 00963-967-844-239; fax:
E-mail address: rula-1972@hotmail .com
Peer review under responsibility of Holy Spirit University of Kaslik.
Conference Title
??????? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ???? – ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ?
Measurement of the influence of banking automation on unemployment-
Analytical study on Syrian banks
* ? ?????? ?????? ???
1
? ???? ????? ????
2
??? ???? ??? ?
3
????? ???????? ?????? ?????
Mohammad Alsattouf
a
, Mohammad Sobeih
b
, Rula Ghossen
c
Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria
A R T I C L E I N F O
Article history:
Received 06 October 13
Received in revised form 15 January 14
Accepted 21 May 14
Keywords:
Automation
Banking automation
Unemployment
A B S T R A C T
This study aims to find out if there is an effect of banking automation on the size of disguised
unemployment and structural disguised unemployment in Syrian banks.
The sample of study is stratified cluster and it consisted of (191) officials. The study concluded the
following:
-There is an effect of banking automation in Syria on disguised unemployment appearing at the size
increase of this unemployment as much as about 17% of full time clocks.
- There were significant differences in the size of disguised unemployment due to the sector's type that the
bank belongs to, and this size was bigger in the governmental banks.
-There is an effect of banking automation in Syria as structural disguised unemployment appears at being
12% of Syrian Banks. Officials never had convenient qualification to deal with automating system and
about 45% of them have rather convenient qualification to deal with this system. Therefore, we found that
there is a part of technological disguised unemployment in Syrian banks due to those unqualification
officials.
- There were significant differences in the size of worker's training due to the sector's type that the bank
belongs to, and this size was bigger in the private banks.
176 ARAB ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS JOURNAL 9 (2014) 175–187
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© 2013 Holy Spirit University of Kaslik . Hosting by ElsevierB.V. All rights reserved. © 2014 Holy Spirit University of Kaslik. Hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
ARAB ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS JOURNAL 9 (2014) 175–187 177
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178 ARAB ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS JOURNAL 9 (2014) 175–187
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182 ARAB ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS JOURNAL 9 (2014) 175–187
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ARAB ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS JOURNAL 9 (2014) 175–187 183
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?? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ???
???? .??????? 4 - 7 ?????? 2001 . 82 ?? . 27 ???? ???? 2011 :?????? ????? .
www.yemennic.info/files/financial/ex
? ????? ?.? ??????? ) . 2006 .( ?? ????? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???
??? ?????? ???? .?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ????????
??????? - ?????? ?????????? ?????? ????? 28 ) 3 ( ? 79 - 96 .
) .? ????? ????? 2007 .( ??????? ????? ?? 1994 – 2004 . ?????? ??????? ?????? ?
?????? ????? 69 ?? 6 ???? ???? ????? 2009 :?????? ????? .http://www.cbssyr.org
.? ????? ?.? ??????? ) 2013 .( ?????? . ??????? ???????? ?? ? 11 ???? ?????? ????? 2013 .
??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? 2011 .????? ????? ? 45 ?? 14 ???? ?????? ?????
2012 :?????? ????? . www.cbs-bank.sy
? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ???
?????? ????? 31 / 12 / 2010 .????? ????? ?
??????? ??????? ????? ) 2008 ( ? . ? 25 ???? ????? 2012 ????? . :??????
www.murabahacapital.com/pdf/bank-act-2008.pdf
? ??????? . ) 2009 .( ??? ?? ??????? ???? .????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ????
?????? - ????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? 23 ) 2 ( ? 3 - 42 ? ?? 4 ???? ????
2011 :?????? ????? .http://www.kau.edu.sa/centers/spc/jkau/economics
?.? ????? ?? ) .? ?? 2009 .( ????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ???? ?? ??????? ???
??? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ???? .? ????? ? 95 ?? . 28 ?????
???? ???? 2011 :?????? ????? ?http://www.4shared.com
) .? ????? ?.? ????? 2004 .( ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ??
???????? . ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ???? - ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?????
26 ) 2 ?( 125 - 140 .
) .? ????? 2004 .( ???????? ??????????? ??? ? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? .
??????? ? ?? .??? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ???? 10 ???? ?????? ????? 2014 ????? .
:?????? http:// www.alnodom.com/.../5471
) .? ???? 2011 .( ???????? ?????? ??? .????????? ???????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ? ??? ?
?????? ?????? ????? ???????? 143 .
) .? ????? 2001 .( ? ??? ??? ?????????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? . ?????
??????? ? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? 158 .
) .??? ????????? ?.? ???? ??? ?.? ????? 2008 .( ??????? .?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????
??????? ???????? ????? ????? ???? - ?????? ?????????? ?????? ????? 30 ) 5 ?( 111 -
128 .
????? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ?? 24 ????
???? 2013 :?????? ????? .http://www.banquecentrale.gov.sy .
?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? 9 / 10 / 2012 .
) ???????? ???????? ???? 2009 ? ?????? ????? ?"????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????" ?( 116 .
?? 16 ???? ?? 2011 :?????? ????? . www.investinsyria.org
) ???????? ???????? ???? 2011 ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?( 2011 .????? ????? ?
????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ?? 18 ???? ?????? 2011 .
Baloh, P., Trakman, P. (2012). Influence of Internet and Information
Technology on Work and Human Resource Management. Informing
Science, Faculty of Economics, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, 497-
506, 2003. 30http://www. .informingscience.orghttp://www. douis.free.fr/article/e-commerce-ogx/Mesitfa.pdf
Glenn, D. Israel. (1992). Determining Sample Size, University of Florida-
IFAS extension. 7-10 Janu 2012.
McAfee, A. (2012). Could Automation Lead to Chronic Unemployment? 28
Dece 2012.http://www.forbes.com
Nafie, S. (2007). Unemployment: A chronic problem looking for solution. 8
Janu.2013.http://www. i-james.org/Issue-01/1.pdf
vensen, G. An asset index for the Syrian 2003 Unemployment Survey.
Fafo- paper 2006:01. 11 Janu 2013.http://www.fafo.no/Englishhttp://www.syriagate.com, www.investinsyria.org
Suede. M. (2012). Technological Automation is not the Cause of Our
Chronic Unemployment Problem. 28 Dece 2012.http://www.policymic.com,http://www. arab-ency.com/index.php?module...func...term...
.
184 ARAB ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS JOURNAL 9 (2014) 175–187
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ARAB ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS JOURNAL 9 (2014) 175–187 185
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186 ARAB ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS JOURNAL 9 (2014) 175–187
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Independent Samples Test
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Test for
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t-test for Equality of Means
F
Sig.
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Equal
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Equal
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44.1 000 1.52
2.44
180
110.1
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1.86
1.86
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0.76
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0.35
4.27
3.37
ARAB ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS JOURNAL 9 (2014) 175–187 187
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Group Statistics
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Error
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Independent Samples Test
Levene's
Test for
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t-test for Equality of Means
F
Sig.
T df Sig.
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tailed)
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Equal
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Equal
variances
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6.12 0.14 -4.65
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178
33.404
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-2.820
6.06
8.34
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-4.516
-1.625
-1.124
doc_125119723.pdf