Description
In such a brief elucidation around ideas into action entrepreneurship for youth workers based on local economy needs.
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
1
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
Ideas |nto Act|on - Lntrepreneursh|p for ¥outh
Workers based on Loca| Lconomy Needs
keference: 2014-2-Uk01-kA20S-012100
Lrasmus+ kA2 Strateg|c Þartnersh|p (¥outh)
koman|a - Nat|ona| Secondary kesearch keport (IC1)
¥our Name Ange|a Cotoara
Name Cf ¥our Crgan|sat|on Iundat|a Þrofess|ona|
Country koman|a
ema|| acoLoara[gmall.com
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
2
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
Contents
1. LnLrepreneurshlp ln 8omanla ......................................... Lrror! 8ookmark not def|ned.
1.1. Local, Regional and National Economy............................................................. ..........3
1.2.Youth Unemployment Figures ………………………………………………………..4
1.3. LnLrepreneurshlp and educaLlon ln 8omanla ............... Lrror! 8ookmark not def|ned.
1.4. ÞromoLlng LnLrepreneurshlp aL Local, 8eglonal and naLlonal level. .......................... 7
1.4.1.ÞromoLlng LnLrepreneurshlp aL Local Level ............ Lrror! 8ookmark not def|ned.
1.4.2 ÞromoLlng LnLrepreneurshlp aL 8eglonal and naLlonal Level ............................. 10
1.3. Lncouraglng LnLrepreneurshlp and SupporLlng ?oung Þeople ................................. 11
1.6. LvenLs ÞromoLlng LnLrepreneurshlp ......................................................................... 13
1.7.Summary .................................................................................................................... 16
1.8.Appendix……………………………………………………………………………..17
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
3
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
1. íottepteoeotsblp lo komoolo
8omanlan enLrepreneurshlp ls sLlll ooJet coosttoctloo, even lf ln Lurope lL has a long
LradlLlon and an lncreaslng evoluLlon. 8omanlan enLrepreneurshlp ls sLlll blocked up by
[urldlcal, lnsLlLuLlonal and psychologlcal reasons. 1he opporLunlLles offered by Lhe sLaLus
of Lu member sLaLe, has represenLed for 8omanlan enLrepreneurshlp a charLed way Lo
success because of slmpllflcaLlon, sLandardlzaLlon and sLablllzaLlon of Luropean
regulaLlons. 8omanla ls classlfled ln efflcleocy-Jtlveo group, LogeLher wlLh 8osnla and
Perzegovlna, CroaLla, Pungary, LaLvla, Macedonla, MonLenegro, 8ussla and 1urkey. A
normal socleLy musL supporL people LhaL have Lhe skllls Lo recognlze and Lo explore
buslness opporLunlLles. A poslLlve aLLlLude Lowards enLrepreneurshlp wlll generaLe
culLural and flnanclal supporL, neLworklng and Lechnlcal asslsLance Lo poLenLlal
enLrepreneurs.
1he LxplanaLory ulcLlonary of 8omanlan Language makes a clear dlsLlncLlon beLween
Lhe Lerm ºenLrepreneur" (iotteptlozótot) and Lhe Lerm ºconLracLor" (oottepteoot).
1he enLrepreneur ls Lhe person LhaL has Lhe lnlLlaLlve and can easlly seL ln moLlon a
buslness and ls Lhe head of buslness, ln parLlcular. 1he conLracLor ls Lhe person LhaL
performs work, under conLracL, ln exchange for a cerLaln sum of money, ls Lhe person
who performs consLrucLlon, Lerm used ln parLlcular. usually Lhe Lerm of ºanLreprenor"
(conLracLor) ls used lncorrecLly, ln Lhe sense of ºinLreprlnzáLor" (enLrepreneur), LogeLher
wlLh oLher Lerms, llke: manager, admlnlsLraLor or employer, deflnlng LhaL person LhaL ls
runnlng a buslness.
1.1. locol, keqloool ooJ Notloool ícooomy
Lconomlc recovery slgns from economlc crlsls are sLlll modesL. 8ecause of economlc
Lurnover, Lhe credlL condlLlons become sLrlcLer so many companles were unable Lo
lnvesL ln manufacLures equlpmenL or acqulslLlons. Also, many flrms were affecLed by Lhe
decreaslng of sales. So, Lhe collapse of people LrusL and Lhe reduced level of
consumpLlon slowed Lhe pace of buslness developmenL.
1he hlgh level of lnvesLor's averslon Lowards rlsks and Lhe lncerLlLude of economlc
perspecLlve, LogeLher wlLh admlnlsLraLlve barrlers negaLlvely lnfluenced Lhe evoluLlon,
acLlvlLy and performance of 8omanlan enLrepreneurshlp.
Accordlngly wlLh Wh|te Þaper of SMLs (CnlÞMM8, 2010), Lhe mosL common problems
of enLrepreneurs ln 8omanla are referrlng Lo:
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
4
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
LeglslaLlve framework (31.32°),
Lxcesslve bureaucracy (43.22°),
Low posslblllLy Lo predlcL Lhe evoluLlon of buslness envlronmenL (32.30°) and'
CorrupLlon (31.76°).
1hese are accompanled by:
Soclal Lenslon (27.12°),
ÞollLlcal changes ln counLry managemenL (22.93°) and,
1he pollLlcs of lMl and W8 (17.11°).
LnLrepreneurs have also Lo face some lnLernal blockage such as:
! llnanclal lnsLablllLy,
! unfalr compeLlLlveness,
! Lack of communlcaLlon beLween Lhe sLaLe lnsLlLuLlons,
! 1he collapse of real esLaLe,
! 8educLlon ln purchaslng power of populaLlon and,
! 1he credlL pollcy of banks.
ulmenslons of enLrepreneurlal acLlvlLy ln 8omanla ls presenLed by Lhe 2nd keport of
Centre Lntrepreneursh|p & 8us|ness kesearch (CenLre for LnLrepreneurshlp & 8uslness
8esearch,). Accordlngly Lo Lhls sLudy, Lhe soclal aspecLs are lmporLanL drlvers when
comes Lo declde Lo be lnvolved ln enLrepreneurlal acLlvlLles.
1.2.¥ootb uoemploymeot llqotes
1he presence of enLrepreneurs ln an lndlvldual's famlly ls a deLermlnanL facLor for
havlng Lhe courage Lo sLarL a buslness, whlch emphaslzes Lhe lmporLance of havlng a
role model. Þrevlous experlence ls lmporLanL for lndlvlduals lnvolved ln pre-sLarL up
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
5
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
enLrepreneurlal acLlvlLles. neverLheless, Lhe generaLlon of enLrepreneurs Lends Lo be
formed by younger lndlvlduals wlLh lower levels of experlence.
8egardlng Lhe demographlc facLors, Lhe average age of a 8omanlan enLrepreneur ls 39
years. ln addlLlon, Lhere ls no dlfference beLween men and women's average labour
experlence - 11 years. Men (64.96°) are more acLlvely lnvolved ln new venLure
creaLlon processes Lhan women (33.04°).
lor recenL enLrepreneurs (less Lhan 3 years), Lhe hlghesL raLe of buslness creaLlon ls
recorded by lndlvlduals beLween 26 and 30 years old (30.88°) and beLween 31 and 33
years old (31.3°). 1he raLe of buslness creaLlon decreases wlLh respecL Lo age, and
moves from 13.10° for lndlvlduals beLween 36 and 40 years old Lo 6.76° ln Lhe case of
lndlvlduals over 30 years old. Concernlng Lhe educaLlonal level, 61.34° of recenL
enLrepreneurs have managemenL sLudles. 8egardlng Lhe soclal LralLs, self-confldence ls
one own enLrepreneurlal skllls LhaL fuels enLrepreneurlal acLlvlLy, Lhe lndlvlduals
lnvolved ln enLrepreneurlal acLlvlLles havlng a lower soclal fear Lo buslness fallure.
(A sLudy ln Lhe fleld of koman|an Lntrepreneursh|p - Co||ect|on of success stor|es
lundaLla CAul LleuLherla, 2011) explalns Lhe 5wO1 Aoolysls of komooloo
íottepteoeotsblp).
1.J.íottepteoeotsblp ooJ íJocotloo lo komoolo
“The world our children are going to live in is changing four times faster than our
schools”. Dr. Willard Dagget, Director International Centre for Leadership and
Education
ln koman|a, LnLrepreneurshlp ls LaughL as a separaLe sub[ecL ln upper secondary
schools. 1he 8uslness Þlan CompeLlLlon, almed aL all reglsLered Lralnlng flrms, was
lnLroduced ln Lhe school year 2008/09 as a [olnL lnlLlaLlve of Lhe MlnlsLry of LducaLlon,
8esearch, ?ouLh and SporLs, Lhe naLlonal CenLre for Lhe uevelopmenL of vocaLlonal and
1echnlcal LducaLlon, and kulLurkonLakL AusLrla and oLher soclal parLners.
1he MlnlsLry of Lconomy, Commerce and 8uslnesses has launched Lhe 'Government
Strategy for the Deve|opment of the Sma|| and Med|um-S|zed Lnterpr|ses (SMLs)
Sector by 2013'developed wlLhln a pro[ecL co-funded by Lhe Luropean Soclal lund. AL
presenL, Lhere ls a Government Dec|s|on on the approva| of Lhls sLraLegy. 1he general
ob[ecLlve of Lhe sLraLegy ls Lhe economlc revlval and Lhe supporL for Lhe developmenL of
SMLs over 2010-2013.
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
6
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
1he measures and acLlons proposed wlLhln ÞrlorlLy 'ÞromoLlng an enLrepreneurshlp
culLure and maklng enLrepreneurshlp educaLlon efflclenL' refer Lo: ConLlnuous
developmenL of Lhe educaLlon sysLem ln order Lo efflclenLly supporL Lhe promoLlon of
an enLrepreneurshlp culLure, wlLh Lhe followlng acLlons:
" lor example, developlng speclflc modules wlLhln Lhe school currlculum, whlch
provlde sLudenLs wlLh Lhe opporLunlLy Lo learn concreLe Lhlngs and Lhe opLlon of
exLendlng Lhelr enLrepreneurshlp knowledge,
" ApproprlaLe Leacher Lralnlng,
" SupporLlng Lhe parLnershlp beLween buslnesses and Lhe educaLlon sysLem wlLh a
vlew Lo promoLe enLrepreneurshlp by developlng currlcula, ln cooperaLlon wlLh
local buslnesses, whlch provlde sLudenLs wlLh Lhe opporLunlLy of hands-on
experlence Lhrough acLlvlLles ln a company (hLLp://www.fondurl-
sLrucLurale.ro/deLallu.aspx?L=SLlrl&elu=8780) (only 8C).
1he Law of naLlonal LducaLlon 1/2011 sLlpulaLes ln ArLlcle 343 Lhe esLabllshmenL of
Commun|ty L|fe|ong Learn|ng Centres by local publlc admlnlsLraLlons ln parLnershlp
wlLh educaLlon and Lralnlng provlders. 1he role of Lhe cenLres ls Lo lmplemenL pollcles
and sLraLegles ln Lhe area of llfelong learnlng aL communlLy level. Among Lhe
responslblllLles of Lhese cenLres, accordlng Lo ArLlcle 344, paragraph 1, polnL c), Lhere
are 'Lhe provlslon of educaLlonal servlces for chlldren, ?ouLh and adulLs Lhrough: (...) (lv)
programmes for entrepreneursh|p educat|on'.
hLLp://www.edu.ro/lndex.php/base/fronLpage (only 8C)
1he concepL of Lralnlng flrm was lnLroduced ln Lhe 8omanlan Lechnlcal and vocaLlonal
educaLlon and Lralnlng Lhrough a pro[ecL lnlLlaLed wlLhln Lhe SLablllLy ÞacL and carrled
ouL ln cooperaLlon wlLh Lhe AusLrlan MlnlsLry of LducaLlon and CulLure - Lhe LCC nL1
pro[ecL, slnce 2001.
hLLp://www.LveL.ro/lndex.php/ro/componenL/conLenL/arLlcle/18-cap4/147-flrma-de-
exercllu-lnLreprlnderea-slmulaLa.hLml (only 8C) hLLp://www.rocL.ro/(only 8C)
ln Lhe framework of Lhe sLraLeglc pro[ecL '1ralnlng 1eachers' ln Lechnlcal and vocaLlonal
educaLlon and Lralnlng - Lhe SL8vlCLS proflle ln order Lo expand Lhe use of Lhe modern
Lralnlng flrm meLhod, lmplemenLed by Lhe CnulÞ1 ln 2010-2013, Leacher Lralnlng for Lhe
lmplemenLaLlon of Lhe Lralnlng flrm concepL ls Laklng place. 1he MlnlsLry of LducaLlon
organlses dlssemlnaLlon acLlons as a follow-up. (hLLp://flrmaexerclLlu.LveL.ro/)
1he 8us|ness Þ|an Compet|t|on, addressed Lo all reglsLered Lralnlng flrms, was
lnLroduced ln Lhe school year 2008]09 as a [olnL lnlLlaLlve of Lhe MlnlsLry of LducaLlon,
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
7
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
8esearch, ?ouLh and SporLs, Lhe naLlonal CenLre for Lhe uevelopmenL of vocaLlonal and
1echnlcal LducaLlon, kulLurkonLakL AusLrla and oLher soclal parLners.
(hLLp://www.rocL.ro/compeLlLla-buslness-plan/)
Slnce 1993, Iun|or Ach|evement (!A) has lmplemenLed economlc, enLrepreneurshlp,
flnanclal and vocaLlon guldance programmes ln Lhe 8omanlan schools. !unlor
AchlevemenL has developed boLh opLlonal programmes/school-based currlculum for all
levels of educaLlon and programmes for exLracurrlcular acLlvlLles. 1he !A programmes
are lmplemenLed ln over 1 000 publlc schools LhroughouL Lhe counLry, due Lo Lhe
parLnershlp no. 10184/2003 wlLh Lhe MlnlsLry of LducaLlon and Lhe flnanclal supporL
provlded by Lhe buslness communlLy. (hLLp://www.[aromanla.org)
1.4. ltomotloq íottepteoeotsblp ot locol, keqloool ooJ Notloool level
1.4.1.ltomotloq íottepteoeotsblp ot locol level
• A!ClM Mures CounLy Agency for Cccupylng Lhe Work lorce offers
lnformaLlon on local employablllLy, counselllng and asslsLance for
unemployed people, Lralnlng and re-Lralnlng for unemployed young
people, lncenLlves for employers of newly-graduaLes.
• « ÞeLru Malor » unlverslLy,
Faculty of Economics, Law and Administrative Sciences due to the CNCSIS grant, no.
42GR/2007 has experience and valuable background and knowledge in Entrepreneurial
Education. The members of the CNCSIS project collected current practices in
entrepreneurial education in the Romanian universities; collected best practices and
curricula in entrepreneurial education in the old, new and associated EU countries as well
as in North-America in order to develop and establish an advanced similar education in
the country, too. The results of the research were discussed at the 3rd International
Conference on Economics, Law and Management – in June 2014 at Petru Maior
University in Tîrgu Mures (Romania).
The Round Table on “Entrepreneurial Education” held within the 3rd International
Conference on Economics, Law and Management ascertained that for the time being
there are only a few teaching staff on entrepreneurship in Romania. There are also few
incentives to motivate teachers to get involved in entrepreneurial teaching and interaction
with students. For the time being the importance of building a career in entrepreneurship
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
8
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
in addition to research as a main promotion criterion is not recognized. The development
of a Bachelor and Master Entrepreneurship Program has been launched at “Petru Maior”
University.
• As human resources potential, there is a Medicine and Pharmacy University,
founded in 1945, providing yearly around 180 general medicine bachelors and
160 dental medicine bachelors, and around 5 PhD’s both in general medicine and
dental medicine. There are also nursing schools both public and private. The
University can provide also research and training services (Medicine and
Pharmacy University report, 2011). As a sizable number of doctors have
emigrated, or work abroad in European countries, there is a sizable number of
doctors that are entrepreneurs setting up their own clinics and private hospitals.
There are 140 dental practices (2011) having contract with Health Insurance House, but
that’s just a fraction of the total number as some, or most dental practice use only out-of-
pocket payments. There are 14 hospitals in Mures County, 7 owned by local authorities, 1
owned by Health Ministry, and 6 private hospitals. Mures County had in 2010 a public
health capacity of 3823 hospital beds, 1679 doctors, 120 dental practices, and 3575
medium trained health staff. No statistics are available on private owned practices
personnel and capacity (Mures County Statistics Institute). A reasonable assessment
would be around 20% of the public capacity.
• Mures county has also balneal tourism potential, especially related to salt water
treatments. There is the Sovata-Praid area, with an old tradition on salt-water, and
salt-mine air treatments for a wide range of conditions. Closer to Targu Mures,
there is Sangiorgiu de Mures, with a salt-waters spa offering opportunities for
entrepreneurship in services development.
• 8ecause Lhe world ls based on lnnovaLlon, Lhe only way Lo sLay ahead of a fleld ls
Lo be lnvolved ln cuLLlng-edge pro[ecLs LhaL allow enLrepreneurs and companles
Lo have access Lo lnformaLlon non-exlsLlng before. ulglLal Mures ls a unlque
opporLunlLy for companles LhaL wanL Lo be one sLep ahead of Lhe compeLlLlon .
1he ulglLal Mures compuLlng sysLem wlll be creaLed ln parLnershlp wlLh Lhe prlvaLe
secLor, Lhe flnanclal/banklng and academlc envlronmenL. uue Lo Lhls process, SMLs and
oLher young companles LhaL conslder Lhey can parLlclpaLe ln lLs developmenL can make
Lhelr own proposals, whlch wlll be susLalned by Lhe admlnlsLraLlon ln accordance wlLh
Lhe developmenL sLraLegy. Cnce Lhe ldeas wlll pass Lhe pro[ecL phase and Lhe
companles wlll effecLlvely conLrlbuLe ln bulldlng Lhe l1&C sysLem, Lhey wlll have access
Lo a range of beneflLs for young enLrepreneurs ln l1.
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
9
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
Lven lf a plloL pro[ecL, Lhe ulglLal Mures l1&C sysLem was already valldaLed by
presLlglous lnsLlLuLlons. ConsulLaLlons LhaL Look place durlng Lhe developmenL of
Lhe ulglLal Mures SLraLegy led Lhe pro[ecL Lo recognlsed naLlonal and lnLernaLlonal
enLlLles LhaL have conflrmed Lhe posslblllLy of lLs lmplemenLaLlon. 1he voLes of
confldence were glven by:
• Luropean Comm|ss|on - wlll flnance Lhe LÞlC pro[ecL, ln whlch Lhe clLy ls
lnvolved wlLh 8russels, ManchesLer and lssy-les-Moullneaux.
• Wor|d 8ank and U.S. 1rade and Deve|opment Agency - have shown lnLeresL ln
collaboraLlng and supporLlng munlclpallLy.
• V|sa Lurope - has announced lLs wllllngness Lo cooperaLe and lmplemenL a new
Lechnologlcal sLandard ln 1lrgu Mures.
• AÞLkC - Assoc|at|on of L|ectron|c Þayments |n koman|a ln whlch Lhe
managemenL of Lhe key cards schemes ln Lhe world are lnvolved,also presenL
ln 8omanla, vlsa and MasLercard.
• M|n|stry of Commun|cat|ons and Informat|on Soc|ety - has already approved
funding of two projects that will bring the city closer to the creation of the IT & C
system.
• I8M kesearch that after consultation may be the first possible partner for the
technological park of Digital Mures Strategy.
The project that will be implemented in Tirgu Mures is unique in its complexity and will
generate a working model that can be replicated anywhere in the world. Because of this,
information about a small or young company's role in this system will be essential
whenever Digital City will be developed for other cities. Companies participating now in
this cutting edge project will have access to data and work experience that cannot be
obtained elsewhere. One of the biggest challenges in launching new services is the
amount of information required to validate their feasibility. In Tirgu Mures these data can
be obtained by young entrepreneurs through the use of ICT systems as a platform for
implementation while academia can help testing the service.
• Out of the permanent population living in Romania 10.054.000 people live in the
cities and municipalities (52,8%), while 8.989.000 people live in the rural area
(47,2%).Because of this high percentage of population who live in the rural area
and because of prolonged transitional process from a subsistence economy
characteristic of pre-modern societies to the market economy, the villages in our
area are characterized by some habits from the former period, that of the
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
10
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
subsistence economy, which are superposed to and interact with modern and even
post-modern behaviours and motivations.
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). Selection and peer-review
under responsibility of the Emerging Markets Queries in Finance and Business
local organization 1496 Elena R!dulescu et al. / Procedia Economics and Finance
15 ( 2014 ) 1495 – 1500. The European Union is paying more and more attention
to rural area development, by offering more than simple agricultural support.
With the increasing popularity of the idea that business creation and development
may constitute the best strategy for rural development, new reports from different
local sources are now questioning the potential benefits that entrepreneurial
support may bring to the economic development of rural areas.
• nCCs organlsaLlons and assoclaLlons are lnvolved ln promoLlng
enLrepreneurshlp uslng non-formal and lnformal educaLlon.(Woman of Lhe 1hlrd
Mllllnnlum, ulvers, Alpha 1ransylvanla)
.1.4.2.ltomotloq íottepteoeotsblp ot keqloool ooJ Notloool level
1he MlnlsLry of Lconomy, Commerce and 8uslnesses has launched Lhe 'Government
Strategy for the Deve|opment of the Sma|| and Med|um-S|zed Lnterpr|ses (SMLs)
Sector by 2013' developed wlLhln a pro[ecL co-funded by Lhe Luropean Soclal lund. AL
presenL, Lhere ls a Government Dec|s|on on the approva| of Lhls sLraLegy. 1he general
ob[ecLlve of Lhe sLraLegy ls Lhe economlc revlval and Lhe supporL for Lhe developmenL of
SMLs over 2010-2013.
1he measures and acLlons proposed wlLhln ÞrlorlLy 'ÞromoLlng an enLrepreneurshlp
culLure and maklng enLrepreneurshlp educaLlon efflclenL' refer Lo: ConLlnuous
developmenL of Lhe educaLlon sysLem ln order Lo efflclenLly supporL Lhe promoLlon of
an enLrepreneurshlp culLure, wlLh Lhe followlng acLlons:
" lor example, ueveloplng speclflc modules wlLhln Lhe school currlculum, whlch
provlde sLudenLs wlLh Lhe opporLunlLy Lo learn concreLe Lhlngs and Lhe opLlon of
exLendlng LhelrenLrepreneurshlp knowledge,
" ApproprlaLe Leacher Lralnlng,
" SupporLlng Lhe parLnershlp beLween buslnesses and Lhe educaLlon sysLem wlLh a
vlew Lo promoLe enLrepreneurshlp by developlng currlcula, ln cooperaLlon wlLh
local buslnesses, whlch provlde sLudenLs wlLh Lhe opporLunlLy of hands-on
experlence Lhrough acLlvlLles ln a company.
hLLp://www.fondurl-sLrucLurale.ro/deLallu.aspx?L=SLlrl&elu=8780 (only 8C)
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
11
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
nCCs organlsaLlons and social cooperatives, mutual associations, other charity and
voluntary organisations are lnvolved ln promoLlng enLrepreneurshlp uslng non-formal
and lnformal educaLlon. They are supported by the ESF funded operations for
providing a flexible and sustainable tool that can help communities to achieve their
own objectives, such as:
" Stimulating job creation and skills development;
" Enhancing community capacity for social supports;
" Supporting economic growth and neighbourhood revitalisation;
" Protecting the environment and;
" Mobilising disadvantaged groups.
1he C|v|| Soc|ety Deve|opment Ioundat|on (CSDI) ls an lndependenL, non-
governmenLal organlsaLlon, esLabllshed ln 1994, followlng an lnlLlaLlve of Lhe Luropean
Commlsslon. CSul ls an ºorganlsaLlon for organlsaLlons", sharlng Lhe bellef LhaL Lhe very
developmenL of non-governmenLal organlsaLlons ls an lndlcaLor of Lhe progress of
communlLles and young clLlzens.
1.5. íocootoqloq íottepteoeotsblp ooJ 5oppottloq tbe ímployoblllty of
¥oooq leople
In Romania there are 3 regions that will be eligible within the Youth Employment
Initiative, having a youth unemployment rate higher than 25%, as follows: Centre -
Mures County (31.7%), South-East (31.3%) and South-Muntenia (30.2%).
Moreover, ln 2012, Lhe share of young people noL ln employmenL, educaLlon, or Lralnlng
(nLL1s) was 3.6° above Lhe Lu average. 1he 8omanlan CovernmenL's response Lo Lhls
slLuaLlon ls :
" Lhe Notloool lloo fot 8oost ¥ootb ímploymeot 201J, whlch lncludes measures
and programmes such as ?ouLh CuaranLee (moblllLy bonuses, flnanclal
lncenLlves, professlonal and carrler guldance and enLrepreneurshlp counselllng,
buslness slmulaLlon, lnLernshlps, apprenLlceshlps, parLnershlps beLween schools,
unlverslLles, and companles and oLher organlsaLlons and sLarL-ups creaLed by
young persons).
" A plloL scheme of "?ouLh CuaranLee" ls also under lmplemenLaLlon, flnanced
from Lhe SecLoral CperaLlonal Þrogramme Puman 8esources uevelopmenL
2007-2013 (P8u 2007-2013), ln order Lo creaLe a model and Lo ldenLlfy Lhe mosL
approprlaLe measures, adapLed Lo naLlonal speclflclLles, on whlch wlll be
pro[ecLed ?ouLh CuaranLee scheme 2014-2020.
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
12
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
" The new apprenticeship system, which will be also included in YGIP, will
receive additional funding for 2014 – 2020, the Ministry of Labour proposing
an allocation of 61 mil. Euro to train 10,500 apprentices. It will be also
developed a National Plan for vocational training through apprenticeship,
approved and monthly monitored by MoLFSPE.
" The traineeship for higher education graduates, which will be also included in
YGIP, will receive additional funding for 2014 – 2020, the Ministry of Labour
proposing an allocation of 31,5 mil. Euro for 17,500 graduates. For 2014,
from the Unemployment Insurance Budget will be allocated 2.7 mil. lei for
organising traineeship for 1,800 higher education graduates.
1he koman|an-Amer|can Ioundat|on lnvesLs ln lnlLlaLlves LhaL lead Lo [ob creaLlon and
Lhe developmenL of human caplLal and buslnesses. 1o supporL Lhls goal Lhey work Lo
lncrease Lhe enLrepreneurlal skllls and ºcan-do" aLLlLudes of lndlvlduals and
organlsaLlons, so Lhere wlll be more 8omanlans wllllng and able Lo develop small
buslnesses, creaLe new economlc acLlvlLles, and lnnovaLe. lL supporLs oLher nCCs Lo
develop pro[ecLs for young people and young enLrepreneurs,
- "Creen LnLrepreneurshlp 2 - uevelopmenL of LcoLourlsm uesLlnaLlons ln 8omanla"
(2014 - 2019) - a program lmplemenLed by lunda¡la penLru ÞarLenerlaL
-http://www.rafonline.org/?id2=000200000000ºSoclal LnLerprlses CreaLe Lconomlc
CpporLunlLles and LmploymenL ln Marglnallzed CommunlLles" (2010-2014) - a program
lmplemenLed by nLSs1.
- ºCreen LnLrepreneurshlp - Soclal LnLerprlses for SusLalnable uevelopmenL" (2011-
2014) - a program lmplemenLed by lundaLla penLru ÞarLenerlaL and CenLrul penLru
LducaLle Lconomlca sl uezvolLare dln 8omanla.
-http://www.rafonline.org/?lng=&id2=000200000002"lnvesLmenL ln Soclal LnLerprlses"
(2011-2014) - a program lmplemenLed by lundaLla MoLlvaLlon 8omanla.
-º8ural uevelopmenL Lhrough LnLrepreneurshlp" (2012-2013) - a program
lmplemenLed ln parLnershlp wlLhhttp://www.rafonline.org/admin/nulllunda¡la ClvlLas
penLru SocleLaLea Clvllá, lundaLla ÞarLenerlaL penLru AcLlune ComunlLara ;l
1ransformare, lundaLla penLru uezvolLarea SocleLaLll Clvlle, lundaLla CenLrul de
Medlere sl SecurlLaLe ComunlLara, CenLrul penLru LducaLle Lconomlca sl uezvolLare dln
8omanla and CenLrul 8oman penLru ÞollLlcl Luropene and
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
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This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
http://opportunity.ro/CpporLunlLy MlcrocredlL 8omanla lln SA, 8omcom lln SA, vlLas
lln SA, SocleLaLea de llnanLare 8urala lAL8 lln SA and lundaLla penLru promovarea
AgrlculLurll sl Lconomlel 8eglonale lAL8, ÞaLrla CredlL lln SA and ÞaLrla CredlL
loundaLlon as pro-bono parLners ln lmplemenLlng Lhe Lralnlng and consulLancy
programs for rural producers
IALk mlsslon ls Lo lmplemenL pro[ecLs ln Lhe fleld of agrlculLural and rural developmenL
supporLlng Lhe rural farmer, households from Lhe CenLral 1ransylvanlan counLles of
Mures and 8lsLrlLa.
Ios|f Szántó, 31
Iernut, Mures County, kCMANIA
AfLer he losL hls [ob, Mr. !oslf SzánLó, who owns a modesL house wlLh hls wlfe, declded
Lo make a llvlng ouL of hls work wlLh cows. ln 2009, he goL Lo know lAL8 ln a meeLlng
organlzed by Lhe organlzaLlon and recelved Lhe necessary lnformaLlon abouL Lhe
mlcrocredlL programme. Pe requesLed fundlng for an lnvesLmenL pro[ecL. AL LhaL Llme
he owned Lhree cows for mllk, a sLable, a horse, a carL and land. ln March 2009, he
obLalned a mlcrocredlL from lAL8. 1he credlL amounLed Lo t3,000 over a perlod of 48
monLhs wlLh a Lwo-monLh grace perlod. 1hls producL ls speclflc Lo lAL8 as lL addresses
small farmers who wlsh Lo develop Lhelr buslness. lL offers a grace perlod, allowlng
seLLlng of Lhe repaymenL perlod dependlng on Lhe appllcanL's lncome. Moreover, cllenLs
can beneflL from vocaLlonal Lralnlng organlzed by Lhe lAL8 loundaLlon. 8evenues from
Lhe sale of mllk are Lhe only lncome of Lhls famlly of farmers. WlLh Lhe mlcrocredlL, Lhe
beneflclary has purchased four cows Lo lncrease Lhe quanLlLy of mllk sold, Lhereby
lncreaslng revenues obLalned whlch wlll ensure a decenL llvlng. Pousehold lncome
growLh can be susLalned on a long Lerm basls. SLarLlng from a herd of Len head of caLLle,
Lhe reclplenL can access subsldles and Lhe Lu SLrucLural lunds so LhaL Lhe buslness can
become proflLable and susLalnable ln Lhe long Lerm. !oslf now wanLs Lo develop hls
small buslness even more by purchaslng agrlculLural farm machlnery.
¥oung Successfu| Lntrepreneurs from 1g.Mures bttps.//to-to.focebook.com/1A51otqo
Anca and Char||e's Success story (Mures rural area)
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
14
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
1he Lasks are clearly dlvlded ln Lhe ualmasso famlly. Charlle deals wlLh Lhe culLlvaLlon of
frulLs and vegeLables, and Anca ls preparlng and glvlng LasLes Lo her [ams: sLrawberry
[am wlLh mlnL, Lhe curranLs, nuLs, rhubarb, especlally Lhe mllk, made accordlng Lo a
reclpe from lrance, are producLs LhaL have won Lhousands of LourlsLs' appreclaLlon.
ln recenL years, Lhe Lwo have seL up a small laboraLory ln whlch you can LasLe Lhe home
made [ams prepared as Anca's Mom dld, buL respecLlng Lu rules. 6,000 Luros lnvesLed
ln Lhe laboraLory and have already reached a proflL of 20,000 Luros per year by selllng
onllne.
"1he opporLunlLles ln 8omanla are many more, LhaL's clear ... and we musL slmply Lry:
someLlmes works, someLlmes does noL work," says Charlle.
now Charlle and Anca wanL Lo arrange some guesL rooms for LourlsLs who come Lo vlslL
Lhe area. LasL year, Lhe house on Lhe hlll recelved guesLs from all over Lurope. MosL
came from lrance, buL have had guesLs from Ponk kong and AusLralla.
1argu Mures C|ub of the Lntrepreneurs (!Cl) esLabllshed slnce 2009, ls malnly almed aL
creaLlng an enabllng envlronmenL ln whlch professlonals and enLrepreneurs from
varlous flelds, should consolldaLe experlence, grow and expand Lhelr neLwork of
professlonal conLacLs and feel beLLer ln a frlendly and non-formal aLmosphere.
Cf Lhe four dlrecLlons esLabllshed aL naLlonal and lnLernaLlonal level (buslness, personal
developmenL, lnLernaLlonal relaLlons, responslblllLy Lo Lhe communlLy) !Cl 1argu-Mures
alms Lo focus on Lwo of Lhem: lndlvldual developmenL and buslness
¥oung Lntrepreneurs from 1g.Mures has organlzed Iood Waste Combat
Cn average, ln 8omanla, a person Lhrows 10 kg of food per monLh,
8omanla ls ranked 8Lh ln Lurope from food wasLe, Lhe money spenL for food Lhrown
away ln one year by a 8omanlan can make nlne full Lanks of peLrol.
1he deslred resulLs are based on lnformlng people on responslble food consumpLlon,
ways Lo reduce food wasLe whlch wlll be dlrecLed Lowards pracLlcal acLlons lncludlng
recovery of surplus food. ºWe wanL Lo conLrlbuLe Lo a clean responslble and susLalnable
socleLy, for our descendanLs". lood WasLe CombaL beglns wlLh a local survey, whose
alm ls Lo ldenLlfy hablLs of people llvlng ln 1g.Mures, Lraclng food wasLe problem and
flndlng a polnL from whlch Lo sLarL Lhls flghL.
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
15
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
1.6. íveots ltomotloq íottepteoeotsblp
Start up Weekends are organlsed by volunLeers. (lrlday, May 22 - 24, 2013
LvenL sLarLs aL 3:30 pm) hLLp://www.up.co/communlLles/romanla/Largumures/sLarLup-
weekend/evenLs
Startup Weekend (lrlday, May 22 - 24, 2013 LvenL sLarLed aL 3:30 pm)
hLLp://www.up.co/communlLles/romanla/Largumures/sLarLup-weekend/evenLs
ls a global grass-rooLs movemenL of acLlve and empowered enLrepreneurs who are
learnlng Lhe baslcs of foundlng sLarLups and launchlng successful venLures. lL ls Lhe
largesL communlLy of passlonaLe enLrepreneurs and as of november 2014, 1,900 evenLs
have been held worldwlde, lnvolvlng over 130,000 enLrepreneurs across more Lhan 127
counLrles. 1he resulL was over 10,000 sLarLups have been creaLed all over Lhe world. All
SLarLup Weekend evenLs follow Lhe same baslc model: anyone ls welcome Lo plLch Lhelr
sLarLup ldea and recelve feedback from Lhelr peers. 1eams organlcally form around Lhe
Lop ldeas (as deLermlned by popular voLe) and Lhen lL ls a 34 hour frenzy of buslness
model creaLlon, codlng, deslgnlng, and markeL valldaLlon. 1he weekends culmlnaLe wlLh
presenLaLlons ln fronL of local enLrepreneurlal leaders wlLh anoLher opporLunlLy for
crlLlcal feedback. WheLher enLrepreneurs found companles, flnd a cofounder, meeL
someone new, or learn a sklll far ouLslde Lhelr usual 9-Lo-3, everyone ls guaranLeed Lo
leave Lhe evenL beLLer prepared Lo navlgaLe Lhe chaoLlc buL fun world of sLarLups.
1he Chamber of Commerce and Industry organlzes annually a ceremony for Lhe 8esL
LnLrepreneurs ln Lhe Mures CounLy. 1hls year 19 enLrepreneurs/companles have been
awarded prlzes.
8us|ness Network|ng Lvent (8nL) ls an evenL LhaL ls supporLlng young enLrepreneurs
and professlonals ln Mures CounLy by organlslng regular meeLlngs almed aL Lralnlng and
enhanclng professlonal relaLlonshlps. Crganlzed as a "Speed uaLlng" ln a span of 3
mlnuLes, parLlclpanLs share ldeas wlLh one parLy and Lhen change parLners lnvolved.
1hus, all Lhose presenL ln Lhe room have Lhe opporLunlLy Lo ldenLlfy ways of
collaboraLlon ln Lhe fuLure. 8nL ls one of Lhe flrsL evenLs organlsed by !Cl 1argu-Mures,
Lhe flrsL edlLlon Look place ln november 2009. 8elng greeLed wlLh much enLhuslasm and
lnLeresL of enLrepreneurs Muresenl 8nL helped develop Lhe organlzaLlon.
1oday, 8nL evenL ls organlzed ln all !Cl organlzaLlons ln 8omanla and abroad.
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
16
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
8us|ness Days
ln 2010 !Cl 1argu-Mures organlzed Lhe mosL lmporLanL evenL ever devoLed Lo buslness
people ln Lhe Mures CounLy. Peld from March 24 Lo 23, respecLlvely 29 Lo 30 SepLember
semlnars and sesslons drafL 8uslness uays gaLhered over 600 parLlclpanLs and over 30
speakers who gave presenLaLlons and workshops on managemenL, enLrepreneurshlp,
buslness lnnovaLlon, CS8 and human developmenL. 1he Lwo evenLs were a greaL
opporLunlLy for enLrepreneurs Muresenl Lo meeL, llsLen Lo and lnLeracL wlLh buslness
leaders from 8omanla and abroad such as: Lorand Szasz, Marlus Chenea, Luseblus
8urcas, Mlhaela SLroe.
Lven|ngs of Deve|opment
1hls pro[ecL was dedlcaLed Lo personal and professlonal developmenL of young people
Lhus provldlng a new growLh opporLunlLy for Lhe local communlLy.
1he pro[ecL conslsLed ln organlzlng Lralnlngs and semlnars characLer mlnl regularly on
varlous Loplcs, supporLed by experlenced Lralners who have Lrled Lo address areas of
concern for young people.
1.7.5ommoty
1radlLlonally enLrepreneurshlp has been assoclaLed wlLh launchlng new buslnesses.
Powever, many lndlvlduals and lnsLlLuLlons are beglnnlng Lo Lhlnk of enLrepreneurshlp
as a vlLal llfe sklll LhaL exLends far beyond Lhe ablllLy Lo launch a venLure, a llfe sklll LhaL
prepares lndlvlduals Lo deal wlLh an amblguous and uncerLaln fuLure. LnLrepreneurshlp
embodles meLhods for Lhlnklng, acLlng, ldenLlfylng opporLunlLles, and approachlng
problems LhaL enables people Lo manage change, ad[usL Lo new condlLlons, and Lo Lake
conLrol of acLuallzlng personal goals and asplraLlons. lL ls also a vehlcle for developlng a
seL of skllls-creaLlve Lhlnklng, leadershlp, declslon-maklng, soclal neLworklng, Lo name
a few-LhaL Laken LogeLher, enable lndlvlduals Lo dlsLlngulsh Lhemselves ln a varleLy of
LradlLlonal and nonLradlLlonal work and llfe paLhs. 1o be enLrepreneurlal ls Lo be
lnsplred and capable of creaLlng opporLunlLles for oneself.
LnLrepreneurshlp ls Lhe resusclLaLlon key of 8omanlan buslness envlronmenL. AlLhough,
Lhe framework under 8omanlan enLrepreneurs should operaLe ls sLlll unsafe and
unpredlcLable.
1here are several posLulaLes LhaL can gulde an enLrepreneur ln Lhe buslness world
(Comlsla Luropeana lnLreprlnderl sl lndusLrle 2011):
# ln buslness Lhere are no problems, Lhere are only slLuaLlons LhaL offer
opporLunlLles.
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
17
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
# Worklng LogeLher as a Leam and neLworklng are Lhe keys for susLalnable
growLh.
# Wlnnlng LogeLher ls preferable for loslng by your own.
# lf Lhe buslness ls runnlng llke a famlly, Lhe chance Lo grow up ls hlgher.
# Seek noL only success buL also appreclaLlon.
# LveryLhlng sLarLs wlLh a dream, lf you are noL dreamlng, no dream wlll become
reallLy.
# 8uslness llfe may be undersLand looklng behlnd, buL musL be llved looklng
forward.
# lor an open-mlnd enLrepreneur everyLhlng ls posslble.
# Cnly by LrusLlng yourself, you may galn Lhe LrusL of oLhers.
# 8especL people, only Lhey are brlnglng you Lhe success.
# 1hlnk global and acL local.
# A new day ls a new challenge for buslness.
# LnLrepreneurshlp ls noL an occupaLlon ls a llfesLyle.
1.8.AppeoJlx
Comlsla Luropeana lnLreprlnderl sl lndusLrle. (2011). AnLreprenorlaLul dlncolo de
lnLreprlnderl nol: AnLreprenorl penLru a doua oara sl Lransferul de lnLreprlnderl. SecreLul
succesulul.
- Amway Clobal LnLrepreneurshlp 8eporL 2013 ºLncouraglng LnLrepreneurs -
LllmlnaLlng Lhe lear of lallure" 1he sLudy has been made by Lhe research company Cfk
nuremberg, Cermany, and Lhe CenLre for LnLrepreneurshlp of Lhe Ludwlg Maxlmlllan
unlverslLy ln Munlch, ln 16 Luropean counLrles: AusLrla, uenmark, lrance, Cermany,
CreaL 8rlLaln, Creece, Pungary, lLaly, Þoland, ÞorLugal, 8omanla, 8ussla, Spaln,
SwlLzerland, 1urkey and ukralne aL Lhe lnlLlaLlve of Amway Lur
CenLre for LnLrepreneurshlp & 8uslness 8esearch. (2009, SepLember 01). 2nd 8eporL on
LnLrepreneurlal
AcLlvlLles ln 8omanla. cí8k wotkloq lopets 5etles, p. 19.
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
18
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
CnlÞMM8. (2010). cotto Albo o lMM-otllot. 8ucuresLl: Cllmp 2010.
lundaLla CAul LleuLherla.
kelley, u., 8osma, n., & Amoros, !. L. (2010). Clobol íottepteoeotsblp Mooltot.
8eLrleved november 2, 2011, from 2010 Clobal 8eporL:
hLLp://www.gemconsorLlum.org/
Cace, S, lotte opottooltotl sl tlscotl. ofetto Je ecooomle soclolo lo teqloolle Je Jezvoltote
8ocotestl-llfov sl 5oJ-íst, LxperL Þubllshlng Pouse.
8orzaga, C, Spear, 8 (ed.), 2004, 1teoJs ooJ cbolleoqes fot co-opetotlves ooJ soclol
eotetptlses lo JevelopeJ ooJ ttoosltloo cooottles, Ldlzlonl31, 1renLo.
ConsLanLlnescu, S (coord) 2011. ALlasul Lconomlel Soclale, lundaLla ÞenLru uezvolLarea
SocleLaLll Clvlle, www.fdsc.ro,
ConsLanLlnescu, S (coord) 2012, ALlasul Lconomlel Soclale, lunada(la penLru uezvolLarea
SocleLá(ll Clvlle, www.fdsc.ro
MlnlsLerul Muncll, lamlllel sl ÞroLecLlel Soclale, 2011, kopott Je cetcetote ptlvloJ
ecooomlo soclolo lo komoolo Jlo petspectlvo eotopeooo compototo, www.mmuncll.ro
urse, u, unlverslLy of 8ucharesL, uobre, L, MlnlsLry of Labour, lamlly, Soclal ÞroLecLlon
and Llderly, Þeer 8evlew Soclal Lconomy, lrance 2012,
Spear, 8, Soclal Lconomy - ulscusslon Þaper.
vlr[an, u (2011), ícooomlo soclolo sl ploto moocll lo cootextol octool, !ournal of Soclal
Lconomy, 1/2011, pp. 119-133.
doc_747152402.pdf
In such a brief elucidation around ideas into action entrepreneurship for youth workers based on local economy needs.
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
1
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
Ideas |nto Act|on - Lntrepreneursh|p for ¥outh
Workers based on Loca| Lconomy Needs
keference: 2014-2-Uk01-kA20S-012100
Lrasmus+ kA2 Strateg|c Þartnersh|p (¥outh)
koman|a - Nat|ona| Secondary kesearch keport (IC1)
¥our Name Ange|a Cotoara
Name Cf ¥our Crgan|sat|on Iundat|a Þrofess|ona|
Country koman|a
ema|| acoLoara[gmall.com
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
2
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
Contents
1. LnLrepreneurshlp ln 8omanla ......................................... Lrror! 8ookmark not def|ned.
1.1. Local, Regional and National Economy............................................................. ..........3
1.2.Youth Unemployment Figures ………………………………………………………..4
1.3. LnLrepreneurshlp and educaLlon ln 8omanla ............... Lrror! 8ookmark not def|ned.
1.4. ÞromoLlng LnLrepreneurshlp aL Local, 8eglonal and naLlonal level. .......................... 7
1.4.1.ÞromoLlng LnLrepreneurshlp aL Local Level ............ Lrror! 8ookmark not def|ned.
1.4.2 ÞromoLlng LnLrepreneurshlp aL 8eglonal and naLlonal Level ............................. 10
1.3. Lncouraglng LnLrepreneurshlp and SupporLlng ?oung Þeople ................................. 11
1.6. LvenLs ÞromoLlng LnLrepreneurshlp ......................................................................... 13
1.7.Summary .................................................................................................................... 16
1.8.Appendix……………………………………………………………………………..17
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
3
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
1. íottepteoeotsblp lo komoolo
8omanlan enLrepreneurshlp ls sLlll ooJet coosttoctloo, even lf ln Lurope lL has a long
LradlLlon and an lncreaslng evoluLlon. 8omanlan enLrepreneurshlp ls sLlll blocked up by
[urldlcal, lnsLlLuLlonal and psychologlcal reasons. 1he opporLunlLles offered by Lhe sLaLus
of Lu member sLaLe, has represenLed for 8omanlan enLrepreneurshlp a charLed way Lo
success because of slmpllflcaLlon, sLandardlzaLlon and sLablllzaLlon of Luropean
regulaLlons. 8omanla ls classlfled ln efflcleocy-Jtlveo group, LogeLher wlLh 8osnla and
Perzegovlna, CroaLla, Pungary, LaLvla, Macedonla, MonLenegro, 8ussla and 1urkey. A
normal socleLy musL supporL people LhaL have Lhe skllls Lo recognlze and Lo explore
buslness opporLunlLles. A poslLlve aLLlLude Lowards enLrepreneurshlp wlll generaLe
culLural and flnanclal supporL, neLworklng and Lechnlcal asslsLance Lo poLenLlal
enLrepreneurs.
1he LxplanaLory ulcLlonary of 8omanlan Language makes a clear dlsLlncLlon beLween
Lhe Lerm ºenLrepreneur" (iotteptlozótot) and Lhe Lerm ºconLracLor" (oottepteoot).
1he enLrepreneur ls Lhe person LhaL has Lhe lnlLlaLlve and can easlly seL ln moLlon a
buslness and ls Lhe head of buslness, ln parLlcular. 1he conLracLor ls Lhe person LhaL
performs work, under conLracL, ln exchange for a cerLaln sum of money, ls Lhe person
who performs consLrucLlon, Lerm used ln parLlcular. usually Lhe Lerm of ºanLreprenor"
(conLracLor) ls used lncorrecLly, ln Lhe sense of ºinLreprlnzáLor" (enLrepreneur), LogeLher
wlLh oLher Lerms, llke: manager, admlnlsLraLor or employer, deflnlng LhaL person LhaL ls
runnlng a buslness.
1.1. locol, keqloool ooJ Notloool ícooomy
Lconomlc recovery slgns from economlc crlsls are sLlll modesL. 8ecause of economlc
Lurnover, Lhe credlL condlLlons become sLrlcLer so many companles were unable Lo
lnvesL ln manufacLures equlpmenL or acqulslLlons. Also, many flrms were affecLed by Lhe
decreaslng of sales. So, Lhe collapse of people LrusL and Lhe reduced level of
consumpLlon slowed Lhe pace of buslness developmenL.
1he hlgh level of lnvesLor's averslon Lowards rlsks and Lhe lncerLlLude of economlc
perspecLlve, LogeLher wlLh admlnlsLraLlve barrlers negaLlvely lnfluenced Lhe evoluLlon,
acLlvlLy and performance of 8omanlan enLrepreneurshlp.
Accordlngly wlLh Wh|te Þaper of SMLs (CnlÞMM8, 2010), Lhe mosL common problems
of enLrepreneurs ln 8omanla are referrlng Lo:
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
4
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
LeglslaLlve framework (31.32°),
Lxcesslve bureaucracy (43.22°),
Low posslblllLy Lo predlcL Lhe evoluLlon of buslness envlronmenL (32.30°) and'
CorrupLlon (31.76°).
1hese are accompanled by:
Soclal Lenslon (27.12°),
ÞollLlcal changes ln counLry managemenL (22.93°) and,
1he pollLlcs of lMl and W8 (17.11°).
LnLrepreneurs have also Lo face some lnLernal blockage such as:
! llnanclal lnsLablllLy,
! unfalr compeLlLlveness,
! Lack of communlcaLlon beLween Lhe sLaLe lnsLlLuLlons,
! 1he collapse of real esLaLe,
! 8educLlon ln purchaslng power of populaLlon and,
! 1he credlL pollcy of banks.
ulmenslons of enLrepreneurlal acLlvlLy ln 8omanla ls presenLed by Lhe 2nd keport of
Centre Lntrepreneursh|p & 8us|ness kesearch (CenLre for LnLrepreneurshlp & 8uslness
8esearch,). Accordlngly Lo Lhls sLudy, Lhe soclal aspecLs are lmporLanL drlvers when
comes Lo declde Lo be lnvolved ln enLrepreneurlal acLlvlLles.
1.2.¥ootb uoemploymeot llqotes
1he presence of enLrepreneurs ln an lndlvldual's famlly ls a deLermlnanL facLor for
havlng Lhe courage Lo sLarL a buslness, whlch emphaslzes Lhe lmporLance of havlng a
role model. Þrevlous experlence ls lmporLanL for lndlvlduals lnvolved ln pre-sLarL up
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
5
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
enLrepreneurlal acLlvlLles. neverLheless, Lhe generaLlon of enLrepreneurs Lends Lo be
formed by younger lndlvlduals wlLh lower levels of experlence.
8egardlng Lhe demographlc facLors, Lhe average age of a 8omanlan enLrepreneur ls 39
years. ln addlLlon, Lhere ls no dlfference beLween men and women's average labour
experlence - 11 years. Men (64.96°) are more acLlvely lnvolved ln new venLure
creaLlon processes Lhan women (33.04°).
lor recenL enLrepreneurs (less Lhan 3 years), Lhe hlghesL raLe of buslness creaLlon ls
recorded by lndlvlduals beLween 26 and 30 years old (30.88°) and beLween 31 and 33
years old (31.3°). 1he raLe of buslness creaLlon decreases wlLh respecL Lo age, and
moves from 13.10° for lndlvlduals beLween 36 and 40 years old Lo 6.76° ln Lhe case of
lndlvlduals over 30 years old. Concernlng Lhe educaLlonal level, 61.34° of recenL
enLrepreneurs have managemenL sLudles. 8egardlng Lhe soclal LralLs, self-confldence ls
one own enLrepreneurlal skllls LhaL fuels enLrepreneurlal acLlvlLy, Lhe lndlvlduals
lnvolved ln enLrepreneurlal acLlvlLles havlng a lower soclal fear Lo buslness fallure.
(A sLudy ln Lhe fleld of koman|an Lntrepreneursh|p - Co||ect|on of success stor|es
lundaLla CAul LleuLherla, 2011) explalns Lhe 5wO1 Aoolysls of komooloo
íottepteoeotsblp).
1.J.íottepteoeotsblp ooJ íJocotloo lo komoolo
“The world our children are going to live in is changing four times faster than our
schools”. Dr. Willard Dagget, Director International Centre for Leadership and
Education
ln koman|a, LnLrepreneurshlp ls LaughL as a separaLe sub[ecL ln upper secondary
schools. 1he 8uslness Þlan CompeLlLlon, almed aL all reglsLered Lralnlng flrms, was
lnLroduced ln Lhe school year 2008/09 as a [olnL lnlLlaLlve of Lhe MlnlsLry of LducaLlon,
8esearch, ?ouLh and SporLs, Lhe naLlonal CenLre for Lhe uevelopmenL of vocaLlonal and
1echnlcal LducaLlon, and kulLurkonLakL AusLrla and oLher soclal parLners.
1he MlnlsLry of Lconomy, Commerce and 8uslnesses has launched Lhe 'Government
Strategy for the Deve|opment of the Sma|| and Med|um-S|zed Lnterpr|ses (SMLs)
Sector by 2013'developed wlLhln a pro[ecL co-funded by Lhe Luropean Soclal lund. AL
presenL, Lhere ls a Government Dec|s|on on the approva| of Lhls sLraLegy. 1he general
ob[ecLlve of Lhe sLraLegy ls Lhe economlc revlval and Lhe supporL for Lhe developmenL of
SMLs over 2010-2013.
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
6
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
1he measures and acLlons proposed wlLhln ÞrlorlLy 'ÞromoLlng an enLrepreneurshlp
culLure and maklng enLrepreneurshlp educaLlon efflclenL' refer Lo: ConLlnuous
developmenL of Lhe educaLlon sysLem ln order Lo efflclenLly supporL Lhe promoLlon of
an enLrepreneurshlp culLure, wlLh Lhe followlng acLlons:
" lor example, developlng speclflc modules wlLhln Lhe school currlculum, whlch
provlde sLudenLs wlLh Lhe opporLunlLy Lo learn concreLe Lhlngs and Lhe opLlon of
exLendlng Lhelr enLrepreneurshlp knowledge,
" ApproprlaLe Leacher Lralnlng,
" SupporLlng Lhe parLnershlp beLween buslnesses and Lhe educaLlon sysLem wlLh a
vlew Lo promoLe enLrepreneurshlp by developlng currlcula, ln cooperaLlon wlLh
local buslnesses, whlch provlde sLudenLs wlLh Lhe opporLunlLy of hands-on
experlence Lhrough acLlvlLles ln a company (hLLp://www.fondurl-
sLrucLurale.ro/deLallu.aspx?L=SLlrl&elu=8780) (only 8C).
1he Law of naLlonal LducaLlon 1/2011 sLlpulaLes ln ArLlcle 343 Lhe esLabllshmenL of
Commun|ty L|fe|ong Learn|ng Centres by local publlc admlnlsLraLlons ln parLnershlp
wlLh educaLlon and Lralnlng provlders. 1he role of Lhe cenLres ls Lo lmplemenL pollcles
and sLraLegles ln Lhe area of llfelong learnlng aL communlLy level. Among Lhe
responslblllLles of Lhese cenLres, accordlng Lo ArLlcle 344, paragraph 1, polnL c), Lhere
are 'Lhe provlslon of educaLlonal servlces for chlldren, ?ouLh and adulLs Lhrough: (...) (lv)
programmes for entrepreneursh|p educat|on'.
hLLp://www.edu.ro/lndex.php/base/fronLpage (only 8C)
1he concepL of Lralnlng flrm was lnLroduced ln Lhe 8omanlan Lechnlcal and vocaLlonal
educaLlon and Lralnlng Lhrough a pro[ecL lnlLlaLed wlLhln Lhe SLablllLy ÞacL and carrled
ouL ln cooperaLlon wlLh Lhe AusLrlan MlnlsLry of LducaLlon and CulLure - Lhe LCC nL1
pro[ecL, slnce 2001.
hLLp://www.LveL.ro/lndex.php/ro/componenL/conLenL/arLlcle/18-cap4/147-flrma-de-
exercllu-lnLreprlnderea-slmulaLa.hLml (only 8C) hLLp://www.rocL.ro/(only 8C)
ln Lhe framework of Lhe sLraLeglc pro[ecL '1ralnlng 1eachers' ln Lechnlcal and vocaLlonal
educaLlon and Lralnlng - Lhe SL8vlCLS proflle ln order Lo expand Lhe use of Lhe modern
Lralnlng flrm meLhod, lmplemenLed by Lhe CnulÞ1 ln 2010-2013, Leacher Lralnlng for Lhe
lmplemenLaLlon of Lhe Lralnlng flrm concepL ls Laklng place. 1he MlnlsLry of LducaLlon
organlses dlssemlnaLlon acLlons as a follow-up. (hLLp://flrmaexerclLlu.LveL.ro/)
1he 8us|ness Þ|an Compet|t|on, addressed Lo all reglsLered Lralnlng flrms, was
lnLroduced ln Lhe school year 2008]09 as a [olnL lnlLlaLlve of Lhe MlnlsLry of LducaLlon,
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
7
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
8esearch, ?ouLh and SporLs, Lhe naLlonal CenLre for Lhe uevelopmenL of vocaLlonal and
1echnlcal LducaLlon, kulLurkonLakL AusLrla and oLher soclal parLners.
(hLLp://www.rocL.ro/compeLlLla-buslness-plan/)
Slnce 1993, Iun|or Ach|evement (!A) has lmplemenLed economlc, enLrepreneurshlp,
flnanclal and vocaLlon guldance programmes ln Lhe 8omanlan schools. !unlor
AchlevemenL has developed boLh opLlonal programmes/school-based currlculum for all
levels of educaLlon and programmes for exLracurrlcular acLlvlLles. 1he !A programmes
are lmplemenLed ln over 1 000 publlc schools LhroughouL Lhe counLry, due Lo Lhe
parLnershlp no. 10184/2003 wlLh Lhe MlnlsLry of LducaLlon and Lhe flnanclal supporL
provlded by Lhe buslness communlLy. (hLLp://www.[aromanla.org)
1.4. ltomotloq íottepteoeotsblp ot locol, keqloool ooJ Notloool level
1.4.1.ltomotloq íottepteoeotsblp ot locol level
• A!ClM Mures CounLy Agency for Cccupylng Lhe Work lorce offers
lnformaLlon on local employablllLy, counselllng and asslsLance for
unemployed people, Lralnlng and re-Lralnlng for unemployed young
people, lncenLlves for employers of newly-graduaLes.
• « ÞeLru Malor » unlverslLy,
Faculty of Economics, Law and Administrative Sciences due to the CNCSIS grant, no.
42GR/2007 has experience and valuable background and knowledge in Entrepreneurial
Education. The members of the CNCSIS project collected current practices in
entrepreneurial education in the Romanian universities; collected best practices and
curricula in entrepreneurial education in the old, new and associated EU countries as well
as in North-America in order to develop and establish an advanced similar education in
the country, too. The results of the research were discussed at the 3rd International
Conference on Economics, Law and Management – in June 2014 at Petru Maior
University in Tîrgu Mures (Romania).
The Round Table on “Entrepreneurial Education” held within the 3rd International
Conference on Economics, Law and Management ascertained that for the time being
there are only a few teaching staff on entrepreneurship in Romania. There are also few
incentives to motivate teachers to get involved in entrepreneurial teaching and interaction
with students. For the time being the importance of building a career in entrepreneurship
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
8
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
in addition to research as a main promotion criterion is not recognized. The development
of a Bachelor and Master Entrepreneurship Program has been launched at “Petru Maior”
University.
• As human resources potential, there is a Medicine and Pharmacy University,
founded in 1945, providing yearly around 180 general medicine bachelors and
160 dental medicine bachelors, and around 5 PhD’s both in general medicine and
dental medicine. There are also nursing schools both public and private. The
University can provide also research and training services (Medicine and
Pharmacy University report, 2011). As a sizable number of doctors have
emigrated, or work abroad in European countries, there is a sizable number of
doctors that are entrepreneurs setting up their own clinics and private hospitals.
There are 140 dental practices (2011) having contract with Health Insurance House, but
that’s just a fraction of the total number as some, or most dental practice use only out-of-
pocket payments. There are 14 hospitals in Mures County, 7 owned by local authorities, 1
owned by Health Ministry, and 6 private hospitals. Mures County had in 2010 a public
health capacity of 3823 hospital beds, 1679 doctors, 120 dental practices, and 3575
medium trained health staff. No statistics are available on private owned practices
personnel and capacity (Mures County Statistics Institute). A reasonable assessment
would be around 20% of the public capacity.
• Mures county has also balneal tourism potential, especially related to salt water
treatments. There is the Sovata-Praid area, with an old tradition on salt-water, and
salt-mine air treatments for a wide range of conditions. Closer to Targu Mures,
there is Sangiorgiu de Mures, with a salt-waters spa offering opportunities for
entrepreneurship in services development.
• 8ecause Lhe world ls based on lnnovaLlon, Lhe only way Lo sLay ahead of a fleld ls
Lo be lnvolved ln cuLLlng-edge pro[ecLs LhaL allow enLrepreneurs and companles
Lo have access Lo lnformaLlon non-exlsLlng before. ulglLal Mures ls a unlque
opporLunlLy for companles LhaL wanL Lo be one sLep ahead of Lhe compeLlLlon .
1he ulglLal Mures compuLlng sysLem wlll be creaLed ln parLnershlp wlLh Lhe prlvaLe
secLor, Lhe flnanclal/banklng and academlc envlronmenL. uue Lo Lhls process, SMLs and
oLher young companles LhaL conslder Lhey can parLlclpaLe ln lLs developmenL can make
Lhelr own proposals, whlch wlll be susLalned by Lhe admlnlsLraLlon ln accordance wlLh
Lhe developmenL sLraLegy. Cnce Lhe ldeas wlll pass Lhe pro[ecL phase and Lhe
companles wlll effecLlvely conLrlbuLe ln bulldlng Lhe l1&C sysLem, Lhey wlll have access
Lo a range of beneflLs for young enLrepreneurs ln l1.
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
9
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
Lven lf a plloL pro[ecL, Lhe ulglLal Mures l1&C sysLem was already valldaLed by
presLlglous lnsLlLuLlons. ConsulLaLlons LhaL Look place durlng Lhe developmenL of
Lhe ulglLal Mures SLraLegy led Lhe pro[ecL Lo recognlsed naLlonal and lnLernaLlonal
enLlLles LhaL have conflrmed Lhe posslblllLy of lLs lmplemenLaLlon. 1he voLes of
confldence were glven by:
• Luropean Comm|ss|on - wlll flnance Lhe LÞlC pro[ecL, ln whlch Lhe clLy ls
lnvolved wlLh 8russels, ManchesLer and lssy-les-Moullneaux.
• Wor|d 8ank and U.S. 1rade and Deve|opment Agency - have shown lnLeresL ln
collaboraLlng and supporLlng munlclpallLy.
• V|sa Lurope - has announced lLs wllllngness Lo cooperaLe and lmplemenL a new
Lechnologlcal sLandard ln 1lrgu Mures.
• AÞLkC - Assoc|at|on of L|ectron|c Þayments |n koman|a ln whlch Lhe
managemenL of Lhe key cards schemes ln Lhe world are lnvolved,also presenL
ln 8omanla, vlsa and MasLercard.
• M|n|stry of Commun|cat|ons and Informat|on Soc|ety - has already approved
funding of two projects that will bring the city closer to the creation of the IT & C
system.
• I8M kesearch that after consultation may be the first possible partner for the
technological park of Digital Mures Strategy.
The project that will be implemented in Tirgu Mures is unique in its complexity and will
generate a working model that can be replicated anywhere in the world. Because of this,
information about a small or young company's role in this system will be essential
whenever Digital City will be developed for other cities. Companies participating now in
this cutting edge project will have access to data and work experience that cannot be
obtained elsewhere. One of the biggest challenges in launching new services is the
amount of information required to validate their feasibility. In Tirgu Mures these data can
be obtained by young entrepreneurs through the use of ICT systems as a platform for
implementation while academia can help testing the service.
• Out of the permanent population living in Romania 10.054.000 people live in the
cities and municipalities (52,8%), while 8.989.000 people live in the rural area
(47,2%).Because of this high percentage of population who live in the rural area
and because of prolonged transitional process from a subsistence economy
characteristic of pre-modern societies to the market economy, the villages in our
area are characterized by some habits from the former period, that of the
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
10
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
subsistence economy, which are superposed to and interact with modern and even
post-modern behaviours and motivations.
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). Selection and peer-review
under responsibility of the Emerging Markets Queries in Finance and Business
local organization 1496 Elena R!dulescu et al. / Procedia Economics and Finance
15 ( 2014 ) 1495 – 1500. The European Union is paying more and more attention
to rural area development, by offering more than simple agricultural support.
With the increasing popularity of the idea that business creation and development
may constitute the best strategy for rural development, new reports from different
local sources are now questioning the potential benefits that entrepreneurial
support may bring to the economic development of rural areas.
• nCCs organlsaLlons and assoclaLlons are lnvolved ln promoLlng
enLrepreneurshlp uslng non-formal and lnformal educaLlon.(Woman of Lhe 1hlrd
Mllllnnlum, ulvers, Alpha 1ransylvanla)
.1.4.2.ltomotloq íottepteoeotsblp ot keqloool ooJ Notloool level
1he MlnlsLry of Lconomy, Commerce and 8uslnesses has launched Lhe 'Government
Strategy for the Deve|opment of the Sma|| and Med|um-S|zed Lnterpr|ses (SMLs)
Sector by 2013' developed wlLhln a pro[ecL co-funded by Lhe Luropean Soclal lund. AL
presenL, Lhere ls a Government Dec|s|on on the approva| of Lhls sLraLegy. 1he general
ob[ecLlve of Lhe sLraLegy ls Lhe economlc revlval and Lhe supporL for Lhe developmenL of
SMLs over 2010-2013.
1he measures and acLlons proposed wlLhln ÞrlorlLy 'ÞromoLlng an enLrepreneurshlp
culLure and maklng enLrepreneurshlp educaLlon efflclenL' refer Lo: ConLlnuous
developmenL of Lhe educaLlon sysLem ln order Lo efflclenLly supporL Lhe promoLlon of
an enLrepreneurshlp culLure, wlLh Lhe followlng acLlons:
" lor example, ueveloplng speclflc modules wlLhln Lhe school currlculum, whlch
provlde sLudenLs wlLh Lhe opporLunlLy Lo learn concreLe Lhlngs and Lhe opLlon of
exLendlng LhelrenLrepreneurshlp knowledge,
" ApproprlaLe Leacher Lralnlng,
" SupporLlng Lhe parLnershlp beLween buslnesses and Lhe educaLlon sysLem wlLh a
vlew Lo promoLe enLrepreneurshlp by developlng currlcula, ln cooperaLlon wlLh
local buslnesses, whlch provlde sLudenLs wlLh Lhe opporLunlLy of hands-on
experlence Lhrough acLlvlLles ln a company.
hLLp://www.fondurl-sLrucLurale.ro/deLallu.aspx?L=SLlrl&elu=8780 (only 8C)
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
11
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
nCCs organlsaLlons and social cooperatives, mutual associations, other charity and
voluntary organisations are lnvolved ln promoLlng enLrepreneurshlp uslng non-formal
and lnformal educaLlon. They are supported by the ESF funded operations for
providing a flexible and sustainable tool that can help communities to achieve their
own objectives, such as:
" Stimulating job creation and skills development;
" Enhancing community capacity for social supports;
" Supporting economic growth and neighbourhood revitalisation;
" Protecting the environment and;
" Mobilising disadvantaged groups.
1he C|v|| Soc|ety Deve|opment Ioundat|on (CSDI) ls an lndependenL, non-
governmenLal organlsaLlon, esLabllshed ln 1994, followlng an lnlLlaLlve of Lhe Luropean
Commlsslon. CSul ls an ºorganlsaLlon for organlsaLlons", sharlng Lhe bellef LhaL Lhe very
developmenL of non-governmenLal organlsaLlons ls an lndlcaLor of Lhe progress of
communlLles and young clLlzens.
1.5. íocootoqloq íottepteoeotsblp ooJ 5oppottloq tbe ímployoblllty of
¥oooq leople
In Romania there are 3 regions that will be eligible within the Youth Employment
Initiative, having a youth unemployment rate higher than 25%, as follows: Centre -
Mures County (31.7%), South-East (31.3%) and South-Muntenia (30.2%).
Moreover, ln 2012, Lhe share of young people noL ln employmenL, educaLlon, or Lralnlng
(nLL1s) was 3.6° above Lhe Lu average. 1he 8omanlan CovernmenL's response Lo Lhls
slLuaLlon ls :
" Lhe Notloool lloo fot 8oost ¥ootb ímploymeot 201J, whlch lncludes measures
and programmes such as ?ouLh CuaranLee (moblllLy bonuses, flnanclal
lncenLlves, professlonal and carrler guldance and enLrepreneurshlp counselllng,
buslness slmulaLlon, lnLernshlps, apprenLlceshlps, parLnershlps beLween schools,
unlverslLles, and companles and oLher organlsaLlons and sLarL-ups creaLed by
young persons).
" A plloL scheme of "?ouLh CuaranLee" ls also under lmplemenLaLlon, flnanced
from Lhe SecLoral CperaLlonal Þrogramme Puman 8esources uevelopmenL
2007-2013 (P8u 2007-2013), ln order Lo creaLe a model and Lo ldenLlfy Lhe mosL
approprlaLe measures, adapLed Lo naLlonal speclflclLles, on whlch wlll be
pro[ecLed ?ouLh CuaranLee scheme 2014-2020.
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
12
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
" The new apprenticeship system, which will be also included in YGIP, will
receive additional funding for 2014 – 2020, the Ministry of Labour proposing
an allocation of 61 mil. Euro to train 10,500 apprentices. It will be also
developed a National Plan for vocational training through apprenticeship,
approved and monthly monitored by MoLFSPE.
" The traineeship for higher education graduates, which will be also included in
YGIP, will receive additional funding for 2014 – 2020, the Ministry of Labour
proposing an allocation of 31,5 mil. Euro for 17,500 graduates. For 2014,
from the Unemployment Insurance Budget will be allocated 2.7 mil. lei for
organising traineeship for 1,800 higher education graduates.
1he koman|an-Amer|can Ioundat|on lnvesLs ln lnlLlaLlves LhaL lead Lo [ob creaLlon and
Lhe developmenL of human caplLal and buslnesses. 1o supporL Lhls goal Lhey work Lo
lncrease Lhe enLrepreneurlal skllls and ºcan-do" aLLlLudes of lndlvlduals and
organlsaLlons, so Lhere wlll be more 8omanlans wllllng and able Lo develop small
buslnesses, creaLe new economlc acLlvlLles, and lnnovaLe. lL supporLs oLher nCCs Lo
develop pro[ecLs for young people and young enLrepreneurs,
- "Creen LnLrepreneurshlp 2 - uevelopmenL of LcoLourlsm uesLlnaLlons ln 8omanla"
(2014 - 2019) - a program lmplemenLed by lunda¡la penLru ÞarLenerlaL
-http://www.rafonline.org/?id2=000200000000ºSoclal LnLerprlses CreaLe Lconomlc
CpporLunlLles and LmploymenL ln Marglnallzed CommunlLles" (2010-2014) - a program
lmplemenLed by nLSs1.
- ºCreen LnLrepreneurshlp - Soclal LnLerprlses for SusLalnable uevelopmenL" (2011-
2014) - a program lmplemenLed by lundaLla penLru ÞarLenerlaL and CenLrul penLru
LducaLle Lconomlca sl uezvolLare dln 8omanla.
-http://www.rafonline.org/?lng=&id2=000200000002"lnvesLmenL ln Soclal LnLerprlses"
(2011-2014) - a program lmplemenLed by lundaLla MoLlvaLlon 8omanla.
-º8ural uevelopmenL Lhrough LnLrepreneurshlp" (2012-2013) - a program
lmplemenLed ln parLnershlp wlLhhttp://www.rafonline.org/admin/nulllunda¡la ClvlLas
penLru SocleLaLea Clvllá, lundaLla ÞarLenerlaL penLru AcLlune ComunlLara ;l
1ransformare, lundaLla penLru uezvolLarea SocleLaLll Clvlle, lundaLla CenLrul de
Medlere sl SecurlLaLe ComunlLara, CenLrul penLru LducaLle Lconomlca sl uezvolLare dln
8omanla and CenLrul 8oman penLru ÞollLlcl Luropene and
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
13
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
http://opportunity.ro/CpporLunlLy MlcrocredlL 8omanla lln SA, 8omcom lln SA, vlLas
lln SA, SocleLaLea de llnanLare 8urala lAL8 lln SA and lundaLla penLru promovarea
AgrlculLurll sl Lconomlel 8eglonale lAL8, ÞaLrla CredlL lln SA and ÞaLrla CredlL
loundaLlon as pro-bono parLners ln lmplemenLlng Lhe Lralnlng and consulLancy
programs for rural producers
IALk mlsslon ls Lo lmplemenL pro[ecLs ln Lhe fleld of agrlculLural and rural developmenL
supporLlng Lhe rural farmer, households from Lhe CenLral 1ransylvanlan counLles of
Mures and 8lsLrlLa.
Ios|f Szántó, 31
Iernut, Mures County, kCMANIA
AfLer he losL hls [ob, Mr. !oslf SzánLó, who owns a modesL house wlLh hls wlfe, declded
Lo make a llvlng ouL of hls work wlLh cows. ln 2009, he goL Lo know lAL8 ln a meeLlng
organlzed by Lhe organlzaLlon and recelved Lhe necessary lnformaLlon abouL Lhe
mlcrocredlL programme. Pe requesLed fundlng for an lnvesLmenL pro[ecL. AL LhaL Llme
he owned Lhree cows for mllk, a sLable, a horse, a carL and land. ln March 2009, he
obLalned a mlcrocredlL from lAL8. 1he credlL amounLed Lo t3,000 over a perlod of 48
monLhs wlLh a Lwo-monLh grace perlod. 1hls producL ls speclflc Lo lAL8 as lL addresses
small farmers who wlsh Lo develop Lhelr buslness. lL offers a grace perlod, allowlng
seLLlng of Lhe repaymenL perlod dependlng on Lhe appllcanL's lncome. Moreover, cllenLs
can beneflL from vocaLlonal Lralnlng organlzed by Lhe lAL8 loundaLlon. 8evenues from
Lhe sale of mllk are Lhe only lncome of Lhls famlly of farmers. WlLh Lhe mlcrocredlL, Lhe
beneflclary has purchased four cows Lo lncrease Lhe quanLlLy of mllk sold, Lhereby
lncreaslng revenues obLalned whlch wlll ensure a decenL llvlng. Pousehold lncome
growLh can be susLalned on a long Lerm basls. SLarLlng from a herd of Len head of caLLle,
Lhe reclplenL can access subsldles and Lhe Lu SLrucLural lunds so LhaL Lhe buslness can
become proflLable and susLalnable ln Lhe long Lerm. !oslf now wanLs Lo develop hls
small buslness even more by purchaslng agrlculLural farm machlnery.
¥oung Successfu| Lntrepreneurs from 1g.Mures bttps.//to-to.focebook.com/1A51otqo
Anca and Char||e's Success story (Mures rural area)
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
14
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
1he Lasks are clearly dlvlded ln Lhe ualmasso famlly. Charlle deals wlLh Lhe culLlvaLlon of
frulLs and vegeLables, and Anca ls preparlng and glvlng LasLes Lo her [ams: sLrawberry
[am wlLh mlnL, Lhe curranLs, nuLs, rhubarb, especlally Lhe mllk, made accordlng Lo a
reclpe from lrance, are producLs LhaL have won Lhousands of LourlsLs' appreclaLlon.
ln recenL years, Lhe Lwo have seL up a small laboraLory ln whlch you can LasLe Lhe home
made [ams prepared as Anca's Mom dld, buL respecLlng Lu rules. 6,000 Luros lnvesLed
ln Lhe laboraLory and have already reached a proflL of 20,000 Luros per year by selllng
onllne.
"1he opporLunlLles ln 8omanla are many more, LhaL's clear ... and we musL slmply Lry:
someLlmes works, someLlmes does noL work," says Charlle.
now Charlle and Anca wanL Lo arrange some guesL rooms for LourlsLs who come Lo vlslL
Lhe area. LasL year, Lhe house on Lhe hlll recelved guesLs from all over Lurope. MosL
came from lrance, buL have had guesLs from Ponk kong and AusLralla.
1argu Mures C|ub of the Lntrepreneurs (!Cl) esLabllshed slnce 2009, ls malnly almed aL
creaLlng an enabllng envlronmenL ln whlch professlonals and enLrepreneurs from
varlous flelds, should consolldaLe experlence, grow and expand Lhelr neLwork of
professlonal conLacLs and feel beLLer ln a frlendly and non-formal aLmosphere.
Cf Lhe four dlrecLlons esLabllshed aL naLlonal and lnLernaLlonal level (buslness, personal
developmenL, lnLernaLlonal relaLlons, responslblllLy Lo Lhe communlLy) !Cl 1argu-Mures
alms Lo focus on Lwo of Lhem: lndlvldual developmenL and buslness
¥oung Lntrepreneurs from 1g.Mures has organlzed Iood Waste Combat
Cn average, ln 8omanla, a person Lhrows 10 kg of food per monLh,
8omanla ls ranked 8Lh ln Lurope from food wasLe, Lhe money spenL for food Lhrown
away ln one year by a 8omanlan can make nlne full Lanks of peLrol.
1he deslred resulLs are based on lnformlng people on responslble food consumpLlon,
ways Lo reduce food wasLe whlch wlll be dlrecLed Lowards pracLlcal acLlons lncludlng
recovery of surplus food. ºWe wanL Lo conLrlbuLe Lo a clean responslble and susLalnable
socleLy, for our descendanLs". lood WasLe CombaL beglns wlLh a local survey, whose
alm ls Lo ldenLlfy hablLs of people llvlng ln 1g.Mures, Lraclng food wasLe problem and
flndlng a polnL from whlch Lo sLarL Lhls flghL.
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
15
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
1.6. íveots ltomotloq íottepteoeotsblp
Start up Weekends are organlsed by volunLeers. (lrlday, May 22 - 24, 2013
LvenL sLarLs aL 3:30 pm) hLLp://www.up.co/communlLles/romanla/Largumures/sLarLup-
weekend/evenLs
Startup Weekend (lrlday, May 22 - 24, 2013 LvenL sLarLed aL 3:30 pm)
hLLp://www.up.co/communlLles/romanla/Largumures/sLarLup-weekend/evenLs
ls a global grass-rooLs movemenL of acLlve and empowered enLrepreneurs who are
learnlng Lhe baslcs of foundlng sLarLups and launchlng successful venLures. lL ls Lhe
largesL communlLy of passlonaLe enLrepreneurs and as of november 2014, 1,900 evenLs
have been held worldwlde, lnvolvlng over 130,000 enLrepreneurs across more Lhan 127
counLrles. 1he resulL was over 10,000 sLarLups have been creaLed all over Lhe world. All
SLarLup Weekend evenLs follow Lhe same baslc model: anyone ls welcome Lo plLch Lhelr
sLarLup ldea and recelve feedback from Lhelr peers. 1eams organlcally form around Lhe
Lop ldeas (as deLermlned by popular voLe) and Lhen lL ls a 34 hour frenzy of buslness
model creaLlon, codlng, deslgnlng, and markeL valldaLlon. 1he weekends culmlnaLe wlLh
presenLaLlons ln fronL of local enLrepreneurlal leaders wlLh anoLher opporLunlLy for
crlLlcal feedback. WheLher enLrepreneurs found companles, flnd a cofounder, meeL
someone new, or learn a sklll far ouLslde Lhelr usual 9-Lo-3, everyone ls guaranLeed Lo
leave Lhe evenL beLLer prepared Lo navlgaLe Lhe chaoLlc buL fun world of sLarLups.
1he Chamber of Commerce and Industry organlzes annually a ceremony for Lhe 8esL
LnLrepreneurs ln Lhe Mures CounLy. 1hls year 19 enLrepreneurs/companles have been
awarded prlzes.
8us|ness Network|ng Lvent (8nL) ls an evenL LhaL ls supporLlng young enLrepreneurs
and professlonals ln Mures CounLy by organlslng regular meeLlngs almed aL Lralnlng and
enhanclng professlonal relaLlonshlps. Crganlzed as a "Speed uaLlng" ln a span of 3
mlnuLes, parLlclpanLs share ldeas wlLh one parLy and Lhen change parLners lnvolved.
1hus, all Lhose presenL ln Lhe room have Lhe opporLunlLy Lo ldenLlfy ways of
collaboraLlon ln Lhe fuLure. 8nL ls one of Lhe flrsL evenLs organlsed by !Cl 1argu-Mures,
Lhe flrsL edlLlon Look place ln november 2009. 8elng greeLed wlLh much enLhuslasm and
lnLeresL of enLrepreneurs Muresenl 8nL helped develop Lhe organlzaLlon.
1oday, 8nL evenL ls organlzed ln all !Cl organlzaLlons ln 8omanla and abroad.
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
16
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
8us|ness Days
ln 2010 !Cl 1argu-Mures organlzed Lhe mosL lmporLanL evenL ever devoLed Lo buslness
people ln Lhe Mures CounLy. Peld from March 24 Lo 23, respecLlvely 29 Lo 30 SepLember
semlnars and sesslons drafL 8uslness uays gaLhered over 600 parLlclpanLs and over 30
speakers who gave presenLaLlons and workshops on managemenL, enLrepreneurshlp,
buslness lnnovaLlon, CS8 and human developmenL. 1he Lwo evenLs were a greaL
opporLunlLy for enLrepreneurs Muresenl Lo meeL, llsLen Lo and lnLeracL wlLh buslness
leaders from 8omanla and abroad such as: Lorand Szasz, Marlus Chenea, Luseblus
8urcas, Mlhaela SLroe.
Lven|ngs of Deve|opment
1hls pro[ecL was dedlcaLed Lo personal and professlonal developmenL of young people
Lhus provldlng a new growLh opporLunlLy for Lhe local communlLy.
1he pro[ecL conslsLed ln organlzlng Lralnlngs and semlnars characLer mlnl regularly on
varlous Loplcs, supporLed by experlenced Lralners who have Lrled Lo address areas of
concern for young people.
1.7.5ommoty
1radlLlonally enLrepreneurshlp has been assoclaLed wlLh launchlng new buslnesses.
Powever, many lndlvlduals and lnsLlLuLlons are beglnnlng Lo Lhlnk of enLrepreneurshlp
as a vlLal llfe sklll LhaL exLends far beyond Lhe ablllLy Lo launch a venLure, a llfe sklll LhaL
prepares lndlvlduals Lo deal wlLh an amblguous and uncerLaln fuLure. LnLrepreneurshlp
embodles meLhods for Lhlnklng, acLlng, ldenLlfylng opporLunlLles, and approachlng
problems LhaL enables people Lo manage change, ad[usL Lo new condlLlons, and Lo Lake
conLrol of acLuallzlng personal goals and asplraLlons. lL ls also a vehlcle for developlng a
seL of skllls-creaLlve Lhlnklng, leadershlp, declslon-maklng, soclal neLworklng, Lo name
a few-LhaL Laken LogeLher, enable lndlvlduals Lo dlsLlngulsh Lhemselves ln a varleLy of
LradlLlonal and nonLradlLlonal work and llfe paLhs. 1o be enLrepreneurlal ls Lo be
lnsplred and capable of creaLlng opporLunlLles for oneself.
LnLrepreneurshlp ls Lhe resusclLaLlon key of 8omanlan buslness envlronmenL. AlLhough,
Lhe framework under 8omanlan enLrepreneurs should operaLe ls sLlll unsafe and
unpredlcLable.
1here are several posLulaLes LhaL can gulde an enLrepreneur ln Lhe buslness world
(Comlsla Luropeana lnLreprlnderl sl lndusLrle 2011):
# ln buslness Lhere are no problems, Lhere are only slLuaLlons LhaL offer
opporLunlLles.
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
17
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
# Worklng LogeLher as a Leam and neLworklng are Lhe keys for susLalnable
growLh.
# Wlnnlng LogeLher ls preferable for loslng by your own.
# lf Lhe buslness ls runnlng llke a famlly, Lhe chance Lo grow up ls hlgher.
# Seek noL only success buL also appreclaLlon.
# LveryLhlng sLarLs wlLh a dream, lf you are noL dreamlng, no dream wlll become
reallLy.
# 8uslness llfe may be undersLand looklng behlnd, buL musL be llved looklng
forward.
# lor an open-mlnd enLrepreneur everyLhlng ls posslble.
# Cnly by LrusLlng yourself, you may galn Lhe LrusL of oLhers.
# 8especL people, only Lhey are brlnglng you Lhe success.
# 1hlnk global and acL local.
# A new day ls a new challenge for buslness.
# LnLrepreneurshlp ls noL an occupaLlon ls a llfesLyle.
1.8.AppeoJlx
Comlsla Luropeana lnLreprlnderl sl lndusLrle. (2011). AnLreprenorlaLul dlncolo de
lnLreprlnderl nol: AnLreprenorl penLru a doua oara sl Lransferul de lnLreprlnderl. SecreLul
succesulul.
- Amway Clobal LnLrepreneurshlp 8eporL 2013 ºLncouraglng LnLrepreneurs -
LllmlnaLlng Lhe lear of lallure" 1he sLudy has been made by Lhe research company Cfk
nuremberg, Cermany, and Lhe CenLre for LnLrepreneurshlp of Lhe Ludwlg Maxlmlllan
unlverslLy ln Munlch, ln 16 Luropean counLrles: AusLrla, uenmark, lrance, Cermany,
CreaL 8rlLaln, Creece, Pungary, lLaly, Þoland, ÞorLugal, 8omanla, 8ussla, Spaln,
SwlLzerland, 1urkey and ukralne aL Lhe lnlLlaLlve of Amway Lur
CenLre for LnLrepreneurshlp & 8uslness 8esearch. (2009, SepLember 01). 2nd 8eporL on
LnLrepreneurlal
AcLlvlLles ln 8omanla. cí8k wotkloq lopets 5etles, p. 19.
Ideas into Action – Entrepreneurship for Youth workers based on Local Economy Needs
2014-2-UK01-KA205-012100
18
This project has been funded with the support of the European
Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission can not be held
responsible for any use that can be made of the information contained therein.
CnlÞMM8. (2010). cotto Albo o lMM-otllot. 8ucuresLl: Cllmp 2010.
lundaLla CAul LleuLherla.
kelley, u., 8osma, n., & Amoros, !. L. (2010). Clobol íottepteoeotsblp Mooltot.
8eLrleved november 2, 2011, from 2010 Clobal 8eporL:
hLLp://www.gemconsorLlum.org/
Cace, S, lotte opottooltotl sl tlscotl. ofetto Je ecooomle soclolo lo teqloolle Je Jezvoltote
8ocotestl-llfov sl 5oJ-íst, LxperL Þubllshlng Pouse.
8orzaga, C, Spear, 8 (ed.), 2004, 1teoJs ooJ cbolleoqes fot co-opetotlves ooJ soclol
eotetptlses lo JevelopeJ ooJ ttoosltloo cooottles, Ldlzlonl31, 1renLo.
ConsLanLlnescu, S (coord) 2011. ALlasul Lconomlel Soclale, lundaLla ÞenLru uezvolLarea
SocleLaLll Clvlle, www.fdsc.ro,
ConsLanLlnescu, S (coord) 2012, ALlasul Lconomlel Soclale, lunada(la penLru uezvolLarea
SocleLá(ll Clvlle, www.fdsc.ro
MlnlsLerul Muncll, lamlllel sl ÞroLecLlel Soclale, 2011, kopott Je cetcetote ptlvloJ
ecooomlo soclolo lo komoolo Jlo petspectlvo eotopeooo compototo, www.mmuncll.ro
urse, u, unlverslLy of 8ucharesL, uobre, L, MlnlsLry of Labour, lamlly, Soclal ÞroLecLlon
and Llderly, Þeer 8evlew Soclal Lconomy, lrance 2012,
Spear, 8, Soclal Lconomy - ulscusslon Þaper.
vlr[an, u (2011), ícooomlo soclolo sl ploto moocll lo cootextol octool, !ournal of Soclal
Lconomy, 1/2011, pp. 119-133.
doc_747152402.pdf