Emerging Database Technologies
Group 2: Madhavi Agarwal (A003) Prachi Bhandari (A012) Vikal Ranka (A047) Harish S. (A048) Akshay Sachdeva (A049) Monisha Sharma (A055)
Agenda
? Mobile Database
? Multimedia Database ? Genome Database
? GIS (Geographic Information Systems)
Mobile Database System (MDS)
? MDS provides full database & mobile communication functionalities. It allows a mobile user to initiate transactions from anywhere & at anytime. Features: ? Geographical mobility: Clients are able to move in a geographical space without affecting processing & connectivity. ? Connection & Disconnection to server. ? Data processing capability
? Wireless communication – server/other clients.
? Scalability – addition/deletion of clients.
Schneider Logistics A study
? Transportation Industry.
? Fleet Management System. ? To track the location, send/receive signals, process data.
? Sybase Inc.’s “SQL Anywhere” RDBMS.
? Users are not attached to a fixed geographical location
? Applications must be able to access local device/vehicle hardware, such as printers, bar code scanners, or GPS units (for mapping or Automatic Vehicle Location systems).
MDS – Strengths & Weaknesses
Strengths:
? ? ? ? Portable computing devices and wireless communication allowed the client to access data from any ware and any time. reduces network lag Mobile database applications yield significant savings in network costs. There are some HW and SW problems that must be solved to make maximum exploitation of mobile computing.
? i.e. Database recovery.
?
Hardware problems are more difficult.
? ? ? ? Wireless coverage. Battery. Changes in network topology. Wireless Transmission Speed.
Applications
? Law Enforcement and Medical Emergencies. ? Sales and Mobile Offices. ? Weather, Traffic, Sports, Entertainment. ? Discovering traffic conditions.
Mobile DB Environments
Database Front-End • C, C++ •Java •Visual Studios (C++, VB, C#, J#) •Appforge – Mobile VB Database Back-End •Sybase’s Ultralite •Oracle Lite •MS-Pocket Access •MS-SQL Server CE
•Pointbase
Multimedia Databases
? In the years ahead multimedia information systems are expected to dominate our daily lives.
Nature of Multimedia Data and Applications
? DBMSs have been constantly adding to the types of data they support. ? Today many types of multimedia data are available in current systems.
? Text. ? Graphics.
? Images.
? Animation. ? Video.
? Audio.
Nature of Multimedia Applications
? Multimedia data may be stored, delivered, and utilized in many different ways. ? Applications may be categorized based on their data management characteristics:
? Repository applications. ? Presentation applications. ? Collaborative work using multimedia information.
Data Management Issues
? Multimedia applications dealing with thousands of images, documents, audio and video segments, and free text data depend critically on: ? Appropriate modeling of the structure and content of data. ? Designing (Logical/Physical) appropriate database schemas for storing and retrieving multimedia information. ? Storage: Multimedia data on standard disk devices presents problems of representation, compression, archiving, and buffering during the input/output operation.
Jasmine Database in GIG’s Toys R Us
? Static photos fail to capture the "fun quotient" of modern toys. Electronic catalogue needed. ? Full-motion video, photographs, sound, and animation were to be interwoven with textual information to describe the toys. ? Online Order placing system. ? Multimedia Databases: ? RDBMS – stores as tables ? ODBMS – stores as classes
SWOT/PEST
? Graphical User Interface (GUI) + Time ? Huge – Content searching/indexing/bandwidth ? Leverage on growth – electronic catalogue
? EVA – Cost & Time (less than 3 months) ? Spark the boundless creative energy of children ? Seamlessly integrate with an intuitive development system and deployment environment for both Web and client/server systems
Multimedia database applications
• Documents and records management • Knowledge dissemination • Education and training • Marketing, advertising, retailing, entertainment and travel • Real-time control and monitoring
Genome (Genetic Info) Database
? Genome- Total genetic info about an entity ? Biological databases are an important tool in assisting scientists to understand biological phenomena from the structure of bio-molecules to the whole metabolism of organisms and to understanding the evolution of species. ? This knowledge helps facilitate to fight against diseases, assists in the development of medications and in discovering basic relationships amongst species in the history of life.
Need for Biological Databases
? Biological data is highly complex. ? Schemas in biological databases change at a rapid pace. Biological systems must support complex queries. ? Most users of biological data do not require write access to the database; read-only access is adequate. ? Different biologists use different ways to represent the same data. ? Variability and range in the data is high. ? Simpler search interface ? Biological systems must support complex queries. ? Users of biological information often require access to ‘old’ values
Human Genome Project
? By U.S. Department of Energy and the National Institute of Health
? To identify all the approximately 20,000-25,000 genes in human DNA, & determine the sequence.
? Store this information in databases.
Solution
? The Otter Annotation System comprises a relational database schema for storing the manual annotation data, an applicationprogramming interface (API) to access it, an extensible mark-up language (XML) format to allow transfer of the data, and a server to allow multiuser/multi-machine access to the data. ? Strength: allows accurate transfer of information from multiple sources, between different systems.
? Weakness: the data must be entered very carefully to ensure consistency, high standards and ready accessibility
Areas where Genome Database is used:
Bioinformatics
Medicine
Biotechnology
Geographic Information System (GIS)
? Geographic information systems (GIS) are used to collect, model, and analyze information describing physical properties of the geographical world.
? A map is only one way you can work with geographic data in a GIS.
? Spatial data object: physical data originating from maps, such as rivers, soil characteristics, climatic regions, land elevations. ? Points, lines, circles, polygons, and arcs are geometric concepts to specify the spatial characteristics of the objects. ? Spatial object operations: need to work with the objects, such as compute the distance between two spatial object, and check whether two objects spatially overlap. ? Spatial database store objects that have only spatial characteristics to describe them, and keep track of objects in multidimensional space.
Components of GIS System
GIS can be viewed as integration of components:
?
Hardware and software:
? Hardware: relates to the devices used by end-users such as graphic devices or plotters and scanners. ? Software: relates to the processes used to define, store, and manipulate the data.
?
Data:
GIS Application and Software
? There is a large range of GIS-based applications. ? GIS started in research centers in universities. ? Used by military and governments ? Used in every aspect of everyday life; decision making, health sector, environment science, city planning, navigation, transportation, etc.
doc_436008663.pptx
Group 2: Madhavi Agarwal (A003) Prachi Bhandari (A012) Vikal Ranka (A047) Harish S. (A048) Akshay Sachdeva (A049) Monisha Sharma (A055)
Agenda
? Mobile Database
? Multimedia Database ? Genome Database
? GIS (Geographic Information Systems)
Mobile Database System (MDS)
? MDS provides full database & mobile communication functionalities. It allows a mobile user to initiate transactions from anywhere & at anytime. Features: ? Geographical mobility: Clients are able to move in a geographical space without affecting processing & connectivity. ? Connection & Disconnection to server. ? Data processing capability
? Wireless communication – server/other clients.
? Scalability – addition/deletion of clients.
Schneider Logistics A study
? Transportation Industry.
? Fleet Management System. ? To track the location, send/receive signals, process data.
? Sybase Inc.’s “SQL Anywhere” RDBMS.
? Users are not attached to a fixed geographical location
? Applications must be able to access local device/vehicle hardware, such as printers, bar code scanners, or GPS units (for mapping or Automatic Vehicle Location systems).
MDS – Strengths & Weaknesses
Strengths:
? ? ? ? Portable computing devices and wireless communication allowed the client to access data from any ware and any time. reduces network lag Mobile database applications yield significant savings in network costs. There are some HW and SW problems that must be solved to make maximum exploitation of mobile computing.
? i.e. Database recovery.
?
Hardware problems are more difficult.
? ? ? ? Wireless coverage. Battery. Changes in network topology. Wireless Transmission Speed.
Applications
? Law Enforcement and Medical Emergencies. ? Sales and Mobile Offices. ? Weather, Traffic, Sports, Entertainment. ? Discovering traffic conditions.
Mobile DB Environments
Database Front-End • C, C++ •Java •Visual Studios (C++, VB, C#, J#) •Appforge – Mobile VB Database Back-End •Sybase’s Ultralite •Oracle Lite •MS-Pocket Access •MS-SQL Server CE
•Pointbase
Multimedia Databases
? In the years ahead multimedia information systems are expected to dominate our daily lives.
Nature of Multimedia Data and Applications
? DBMSs have been constantly adding to the types of data they support. ? Today many types of multimedia data are available in current systems.
? Text. ? Graphics.
? Images.
? Animation. ? Video.
? Audio.
Nature of Multimedia Applications
? Multimedia data may be stored, delivered, and utilized in many different ways. ? Applications may be categorized based on their data management characteristics:
? Repository applications. ? Presentation applications. ? Collaborative work using multimedia information.
Data Management Issues
? Multimedia applications dealing with thousands of images, documents, audio and video segments, and free text data depend critically on: ? Appropriate modeling of the structure and content of data. ? Designing (Logical/Physical) appropriate database schemas for storing and retrieving multimedia information. ? Storage: Multimedia data on standard disk devices presents problems of representation, compression, archiving, and buffering during the input/output operation.
Jasmine Database in GIG’s Toys R Us
? Static photos fail to capture the "fun quotient" of modern toys. Electronic catalogue needed. ? Full-motion video, photographs, sound, and animation were to be interwoven with textual information to describe the toys. ? Online Order placing system. ? Multimedia Databases: ? RDBMS – stores as tables ? ODBMS – stores as classes
SWOT/PEST
? Graphical User Interface (GUI) + Time ? Huge – Content searching/indexing/bandwidth ? Leverage on growth – electronic catalogue
? EVA – Cost & Time (less than 3 months) ? Spark the boundless creative energy of children ? Seamlessly integrate with an intuitive development system and deployment environment for both Web and client/server systems
Multimedia database applications
• Documents and records management • Knowledge dissemination • Education and training • Marketing, advertising, retailing, entertainment and travel • Real-time control and monitoring
Genome (Genetic Info) Database
? Genome- Total genetic info about an entity ? Biological databases are an important tool in assisting scientists to understand biological phenomena from the structure of bio-molecules to the whole metabolism of organisms and to understanding the evolution of species. ? This knowledge helps facilitate to fight against diseases, assists in the development of medications and in discovering basic relationships amongst species in the history of life.
Need for Biological Databases
? Biological data is highly complex. ? Schemas in biological databases change at a rapid pace. Biological systems must support complex queries. ? Most users of biological data do not require write access to the database; read-only access is adequate. ? Different biologists use different ways to represent the same data. ? Variability and range in the data is high. ? Simpler search interface ? Biological systems must support complex queries. ? Users of biological information often require access to ‘old’ values
Human Genome Project
? By U.S. Department of Energy and the National Institute of Health
? To identify all the approximately 20,000-25,000 genes in human DNA, & determine the sequence.
? Store this information in databases.
Solution
? The Otter Annotation System comprises a relational database schema for storing the manual annotation data, an applicationprogramming interface (API) to access it, an extensible mark-up language (XML) format to allow transfer of the data, and a server to allow multiuser/multi-machine access to the data. ? Strength: allows accurate transfer of information from multiple sources, between different systems.
? Weakness: the data must be entered very carefully to ensure consistency, high standards and ready accessibility
Areas where Genome Database is used:
Bioinformatics
Medicine
Biotechnology
Geographic Information System (GIS)
? Geographic information systems (GIS) are used to collect, model, and analyze information describing physical properties of the geographical world.
? A map is only one way you can work with geographic data in a GIS.
? Spatial data object: physical data originating from maps, such as rivers, soil characteristics, climatic regions, land elevations. ? Points, lines, circles, polygons, and arcs are geometric concepts to specify the spatial characteristics of the objects. ? Spatial object operations: need to work with the objects, such as compute the distance between two spatial object, and check whether two objects spatially overlap. ? Spatial database store objects that have only spatial characteristics to describe them, and keep track of objects in multidimensional space.
Components of GIS System
GIS can be viewed as integration of components:
?
Hardware and software:
? Hardware: relates to the devices used by end-users such as graphic devices or plotters and scanners. ? Software: relates to the processes used to define, store, and manipulate the data.
?
Data:
GIS Application and Software
? There is a large range of GIS-based applications. ? GIS started in research centers in universities. ? Used by military and governments ? Used in every aspect of everyday life; decision making, health sector, environment science, city planning, navigation, transportation, etc.
doc_436008663.pptx