Description
Production management - for the jobs of repetitive in nature where the activity time estimates can be predicted with considerable certainty due to the existence of past experience
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
CPM/PERT
V P B Chakravarthi . K
Abhijeet Kumar
Project
Project
?
“A project is a series of activities directed
to accomplishment of a desired objective.”
Plan your work first…..then work
your plan
Network analysis
Introduction
Netork a!a"#$i$ i$ the %e!era" !ame %ive! to certai! $&eci'ic
tech!i(ue$ hich ca! be u$e) 'or the &"a!!i!%* ma!a%eme!t a!)
co!tro" o' &roject$.
O!e )e'i!itio! o' a &roject+
“A project is a temporary endeavour undertaken to create a "unique"
product or service”
,i$tor#
,i$tor#
?
-eve"o&e) i! ./012$
?
CPM b# -uPo!t 'or chemica" &"a!t$
?
PERT b# 3.4. Nav# 'or Po"ari$ mi$$i"e
PERT a$ )eve"o&e) b# the 34 Nav# 'or the &"a!!i!% a!) co!tro" o'
the Po"ari$ mi$$i"e &ro%ram a!) the em&ha$i$ a$ o! com&"eti!% the
&ro%ram i! the $horte$t &o$$ib"e time. 5! a))itio! PERT ha) the
abi"it# to co&e ith u!certai! activit# com&"etio! time$ 6e.%. 'or a
&articu"ar activit# the mo$t "ike"# com&"etio! time i$ 7 eek$ but it
cou") be a!#here betee! 8 eek$ a!) 9 eek$:.
CPM a$ )eve"o&e) b# -u Po!t a!) the em&ha$i$ a$ o! the
tra)e;o'' betee! the co$t o' the &roject a!) it$ overa""
com&"etio! time 6e.%. 'or certai! activitie$ it ma# be &o$$ib"e
to )ecrea$e their com&"etio! time$ b# $&e!)i!% more mo!e# ;
ho )oe$ thi$ a''ect the overa"" com&"etio! time o' the
&roject&erie!ce.
PERT ;
PERT ;
Project Eva"uatio! ? Revie Tech!i(ue$
Project Eva"uatio! ? Revie Tech!i(ue$
?
-e'i!itio!+ 5! PERT activitie$ are $ho! a$ a !etork o'
&rece)e!ce re"atio!$hi&$ u$i!% activit#;o!;arro !etork
co!$tructio!
=
Mu"ti&"e time e$timate$
=
Probabi"i$tic activit# time$
USED IN : Project management 'or !o!;re&etitive job$
6re$earch a!) )eve"o&me!t ork:* here the time a!) co$t
e$timate$ te!) to be (uite u!certai!. Thi$ tech!i(ue u$e$
&robabi"i$tic time e$timate$.
Originated by H.L.Gantt in 1918
Ga!tt chart
A)va!ta%e$
; Ga!tt chart$ are (uite commo!"# u$e).
The# &rovi)e a! ea$# %ra&hica"
re&re$e!tatio! o' he! activitie$ 6mi%ht:
take &"ace.
@imitatio!$
; -o !ot c"ear"# i!)icate )etai"$ re%ar)i!%
the &ro%re$$ o' activitie$
; -o !ot %ive a c"ear i!)icatio! o'
i!terre"atio! $hi& betee! the $e&arate
activitie$
CPM/PERT
CPM/PERT
The$e )e'icie!cie$ ca! be e"imi!ate) to a "ar%e e>te!t b#
$hoi!% the i!ter)e&e!)e!ce o' variou$ activitie$ b# mea!$ o'
co!!ecti!% arro$ ca""e) !etork tech!i(ue.
?
Overtime CPM a!) PERT became o!e tech!i(ue
?
A-VANTAGE4+
=
Prece)e!ce re"atio!$hi&$
=
"ar%e &roject$
=
more e''icie!t
The Project Netork
The Project Netork
?
3$e o' !o)e$ a!) arro$
Arro$ ? A! arro "ea)$ 'rom tai" to hea) )irectio!a""#
=
5!)icate ACT5V5TA* a time co!$umi!% e''ort that i$ re(uire) to
&er'orm a &art o' the ork.
No)e$ ? A !o)e i$ re&re$e!te) b# a circ"e
; 5!)icate EVENT* a &oi!t i! time here o!e or more activitie$ $tart
a!)/or 'i!i$h.
Activit# o! No)e ? Activit# o! Arro
Activit# o! No)e ? Activit# o! Arro
Activit# o! No)e
; A com&"etio! o' a! activit#
i$ re&re$e!te) b# a !o)e
Activit# o! Arro
; A! arro re&re$e!t$ a ta$k*
hi"e a !o)e i$ the
com&"etio! o' a ta$k
; Arro$ re&re$e!t or)er o'
eve!t$
Activit# 4"ack
Activit# 4"ack
Each eve!t ha$ to im&orta!t time$ a$$ociate) ith it +
;
Ear"ie$t time * Te * hich i$ a ca"e!)ar time he! a eve!t ca!
occur he! a"" the &re)ece$$or eve!t$ com&"ete) at the ear"ie$t
&o$$ib"e time$
;
@ate$t time * T! " hich i$ the "ate$t time the eve!t ca! occur ith
out )e"a#i!% the $ub$e(ue!t eve!t$ a!) com&"etio! o' &roject.
?
-i''ere!ce betee! the "ate$t time a!) the ear"ie$t time o' a! eve!t
i$ the $"ack time 'or that eve!t
Po$itive $"ack + 4"ack i$ the amou!t o' time a! eve!t ca! be )e"a#e)
ithout )e"a#i!% the &roject com&"etio!
Critica" Path
Critica" Path
?
5$ that the $e(ue!ce o' activitie$ a!) eve!t$ here there i$ !o
B$"ackC i.e.. Dero $"ack
?
@o!%e$t &ath throu%h a !etork
?
mi!imum &roject com&"etio! time
Be!e'it$ o' CPM/PERT
Be!e'it$ o' CPM/PERT
?
3$e'u" at ma!# $ta%e$ o' &roject ma!a%eme!t
?
Mathematica""# $im&"e
?
Give critica" &ath a!) $"ack time
?
Provi)e &roject )ocume!tatio!
?
3$e'u" i! mo!itori!% co$t$
Eue$tio!$ A!$ere) b# CPM ? PERT
Eue$tio!$ A!$ere) b# CPM ? PERT
?
Com&"etio! )ate<
?
O! 4che)u"e<
?
Fithi! Bu)%et<
?
Critica" Activitie$<
?
,o ca! the &roject be 'i!i$he) ear"# at the "ea$t co$t<
e>am&"e
e>am&"e
5""u$tratio! o' !etork a!a"#$i$ o' a mi!or re)e$i%! o' a &ro)uct a!)
it$ a$$ociate) &acka%i!%.
The key question is: How long will it take to complete this project ?
Gor c"arit#* thi$ "i$t i$ ke&t to a mi!imum b# $&eci'#i!% o!"#
imme)iate re"atio!$hi&$* that i$ re"atio!$hi&$ i!vo"vi!% activitie$
that Hoccur !ear to each other i! timeH.
I
HFhat activitie$ mu$t be 'i!i$he) be'ore thi$ activit# ca! $tartH
Icou") e com&"ete thi$ &roject i! 81 eek$<
I
cou") e com&"ete thi$ &roject i! J eek$<
O!e a!$er cou") be* i' e 'ir$t )o activit# .* the! activit# J* the! activit#
8* ....* the! activit# .1* the! activit# .. a!) the &roject ou") the! take the $um
o' the activit# com&"etio! time$* 81 eek$.
“What is the minimum possible time in which we can complete this project ? “
Be'ore $tarti!% a!# o' the above activit#* the (ue$tio!$
a$ke) ou") be
Fe $ha"" $ee be"o ho the !etork a!a"#$i$ )ia%ram/&icture e co!$truct
he"&$ u$ to a!$er thi$ (ue$tio!.
CR5T5CA@ PAT, TAKE4 J7 FEEK4 GOR T,E COMP@ET5ON OG T,E PROJECT
Packa%e$ are avai"ab"e to )etermi!e the $horte$t &ath
a!) other re"eva!t i!'ormatio!.
-ata e!tr# i!)o
Out&ut o' the &acka%e
@imitatio!$ to CPM/PERT
@imitatio!$ to CPM/PERT
?
C"ear"# )e'i!e)* i!)e&e!)e!t a!) $tab"e activitie$
?
4&eci'ie) &rece)e!ce re"atio!$hi&$
?
Over em&ha$i$ o! critica" &ath$
Thank you
doc_604223192.ppt
Production management - for the jobs of repetitive in nature where the activity time estimates can be predicted with considerable certainty due to the existence of past experience
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
CPM/PERT
V P B Chakravarthi . K
Abhijeet Kumar
Project
Project
?
“A project is a series of activities directed
to accomplishment of a desired objective.”
Plan your work first…..then work
your plan
Network analysis
Introduction
Netork a!a"#$i$ i$ the %e!era" !ame %ive! to certai! $&eci'ic
tech!i(ue$ hich ca! be u$e) 'or the &"a!!i!%* ma!a%eme!t a!)
co!tro" o' &roject$.
O!e )e'i!itio! o' a &roject+
“A project is a temporary endeavour undertaken to create a "unique"
product or service”
,i$tor#
,i$tor#
?
-eve"o&e) i! ./012$
?
CPM b# -uPo!t 'or chemica" &"a!t$
?
PERT b# 3.4. Nav# 'or Po"ari$ mi$$i"e
PERT a$ )eve"o&e) b# the 34 Nav# 'or the &"a!!i!% a!) co!tro" o'
the Po"ari$ mi$$i"e &ro%ram a!) the em&ha$i$ a$ o! com&"eti!% the
&ro%ram i! the $horte$t &o$$ib"e time. 5! a))itio! PERT ha) the
abi"it# to co&e ith u!certai! activit# com&"etio! time$ 6e.%. 'or a
&articu"ar activit# the mo$t "ike"# com&"etio! time i$ 7 eek$ but it
cou") be a!#here betee! 8 eek$ a!) 9 eek$:.
CPM a$ )eve"o&e) b# -u Po!t a!) the em&ha$i$ a$ o! the
tra)e;o'' betee! the co$t o' the &roject a!) it$ overa""
com&"etio! time 6e.%. 'or certai! activitie$ it ma# be &o$$ib"e
to )ecrea$e their com&"etio! time$ b# $&e!)i!% more mo!e# ;
ho )oe$ thi$ a''ect the overa"" com&"etio! time o' the
&roject&erie!ce.
PERT ;
PERT ;
Project Eva"uatio! ? Revie Tech!i(ue$
Project Eva"uatio! ? Revie Tech!i(ue$
?
-e'i!itio!+ 5! PERT activitie$ are $ho! a$ a !etork o'
&rece)e!ce re"atio!$hi&$ u$i!% activit#;o!;arro !etork
co!$tructio!
=
Mu"ti&"e time e$timate$
=
Probabi"i$tic activit# time$
USED IN : Project management 'or !o!;re&etitive job$
6re$earch a!) )eve"o&me!t ork:* here the time a!) co$t
e$timate$ te!) to be (uite u!certai!. Thi$ tech!i(ue u$e$
&robabi"i$tic time e$timate$.
Originated by H.L.Gantt in 1918
Ga!tt chart
A)va!ta%e$
; Ga!tt chart$ are (uite commo!"# u$e).
The# &rovi)e a! ea$# %ra&hica"
re&re$e!tatio! o' he! activitie$ 6mi%ht:
take &"ace.
@imitatio!$
; -o !ot c"ear"# i!)icate )etai"$ re%ar)i!%
the &ro%re$$ o' activitie$
; -o !ot %ive a c"ear i!)icatio! o'
i!terre"atio! $hi& betee! the $e&arate
activitie$
CPM/PERT
CPM/PERT
The$e )e'icie!cie$ ca! be e"imi!ate) to a "ar%e e>te!t b#
$hoi!% the i!ter)e&e!)e!ce o' variou$ activitie$ b# mea!$ o'
co!!ecti!% arro$ ca""e) !etork tech!i(ue.
?
Overtime CPM a!) PERT became o!e tech!i(ue
?
A-VANTAGE4+
=
Prece)e!ce re"atio!$hi&$
=
"ar%e &roject$
=
more e''icie!t
The Project Netork
The Project Netork
?
3$e o' !o)e$ a!) arro$
Arro$ ? A! arro "ea)$ 'rom tai" to hea) )irectio!a""#
=
5!)icate ACT5V5TA* a time co!$umi!% e''ort that i$ re(uire) to
&er'orm a &art o' the ork.
No)e$ ? A !o)e i$ re&re$e!te) b# a circ"e
; 5!)icate EVENT* a &oi!t i! time here o!e or more activitie$ $tart
a!)/or 'i!i$h.
Activit# o! No)e ? Activit# o! Arro
Activit# o! No)e ? Activit# o! Arro
Activit# o! No)e
; A com&"etio! o' a! activit#
i$ re&re$e!te) b# a !o)e
Activit# o! Arro
; A! arro re&re$e!t$ a ta$k*
hi"e a !o)e i$ the
com&"etio! o' a ta$k
; Arro$ re&re$e!t or)er o'
eve!t$
Activit# 4"ack
Activit# 4"ack
Each eve!t ha$ to im&orta!t time$ a$$ociate) ith it +
;
Ear"ie$t time * Te * hich i$ a ca"e!)ar time he! a eve!t ca!
occur he! a"" the &re)ece$$or eve!t$ com&"ete) at the ear"ie$t
&o$$ib"e time$
;
@ate$t time * T! " hich i$ the "ate$t time the eve!t ca! occur ith
out )e"a#i!% the $ub$e(ue!t eve!t$ a!) com&"etio! o' &roject.
?
-i''ere!ce betee! the "ate$t time a!) the ear"ie$t time o' a! eve!t
i$ the $"ack time 'or that eve!t
Po$itive $"ack + 4"ack i$ the amou!t o' time a! eve!t ca! be )e"a#e)
ithout )e"a#i!% the &roject com&"etio!
Critica" Path
Critica" Path
?
5$ that the $e(ue!ce o' activitie$ a!) eve!t$ here there i$ !o
B$"ackC i.e.. Dero $"ack
?
@o!%e$t &ath throu%h a !etork
?
mi!imum &roject com&"etio! time
Be!e'it$ o' CPM/PERT
Be!e'it$ o' CPM/PERT
?
3$e'u" at ma!# $ta%e$ o' &roject ma!a%eme!t
?
Mathematica""# $im&"e
?
Give critica" &ath a!) $"ack time
?
Provi)e &roject )ocume!tatio!
?
3$e'u" i! mo!itori!% co$t$
Eue$tio!$ A!$ere) b# CPM ? PERT
Eue$tio!$ A!$ere) b# CPM ? PERT
?
Com&"etio! )ate<
?
O! 4che)u"e<
?
Fithi! Bu)%et<
?
Critica" Activitie$<
?
,o ca! the &roject be 'i!i$he) ear"# at the "ea$t co$t<
e>am&"e
e>am&"e
5""u$tratio! o' !etork a!a"#$i$ o' a mi!or re)e$i%! o' a &ro)uct a!)
it$ a$$ociate) &acka%i!%.
The key question is: How long will it take to complete this project ?
Gor c"arit#* thi$ "i$t i$ ke&t to a mi!imum b# $&eci'#i!% o!"#
imme)iate re"atio!$hi&$* that i$ re"atio!$hi&$ i!vo"vi!% activitie$
that Hoccur !ear to each other i! timeH.
I
HFhat activitie$ mu$t be 'i!i$he) be'ore thi$ activit# ca! $tartH
Icou") e com&"ete thi$ &roject i! 81 eek$<
I
cou") e com&"ete thi$ &roject i! J eek$<
O!e a!$er cou") be* i' e 'ir$t )o activit# .* the! activit# J* the! activit#
8* ....* the! activit# .1* the! activit# .. a!) the &roject ou") the! take the $um
o' the activit# com&"etio! time$* 81 eek$.
“What is the minimum possible time in which we can complete this project ? “
Be'ore $tarti!% a!# o' the above activit#* the (ue$tio!$
a$ke) ou") be
Fe $ha"" $ee be"o ho the !etork a!a"#$i$ )ia%ram/&icture e co!$truct
he"&$ u$ to a!$er thi$ (ue$tio!.
CR5T5CA@ PAT, TAKE4 J7 FEEK4 GOR T,E COMP@ET5ON OG T,E PROJECT
Packa%e$ are avai"ab"e to )etermi!e the $horte$t &ath
a!) other re"eva!t i!'ormatio!.
-ata e!tr# i!)o
Out&ut o' the &acka%e
@imitatio!$ to CPM/PERT
@imitatio!$ to CPM/PERT
?
C"ear"# )e'i!e)* i!)e&e!)e!t a!) $tab"e activitie$
?
4&eci'ie) &rece)e!ce re"atio!$hi&$
?
Over em&ha$i$ o! critica" &ath$
Thank you
doc_604223192.ppt