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The purpose of the Aadhaar program has been to provide universal identity to every Indian resident. The card alone will suffice to serve as proof of identity, proof of address and proof of date of birth. It is expected to help reduce corruption since every individual will have only one unique number

The Oxford Dictionary gives the origin of yoga as: Sanskrit, literally 'union. ' The definition of yoga as “union” is also associated with Patanjali, and more precisely, the union between you and the divine called Purusha. ... The Sanskrit word for yoke is yuj, a physical device used to join cattle.

The unique idea of laughter yoga clubs was discovered by Dr. ... “Anyone can laugh for 15-20 minutes without depending upon great sense of humor, jokes or comedy. It combines laughter exercises (simulated laughter) and yoga breathing, which turns into real laughter when practiced in a group.

you keep laughing Buddha at home or in the office, then problems related to money can be solved. If the business is not going well then the this statue of Laughing Buddha should be kept in the shop. It symbolizes good fortune coming from heavens. It will prove as a good luck.

1. What problem are you trying to figure out? This is where students write down the main task or question. If you discuss several potential questions during class, you might want to have students peek at their classmates’ paper to make sure that everyone has roughly the same question. 2. What...

1. What problem are you trying to figure out? This is where students write down the main task or question. If you discuss several potential questions during class, you might want to have students peek at their classmates’ paper to make sure that everyone has roughly the same question. 2. What...

In December 1995, just a few years after the Web was “invented,” Sabeer Bhatia and Jack Smith visited the Internet venture capitalist Draper Fisher Jurvetson and proposed developing a free Web-based e-mail system. The idea was to give a free e-mail account to anyone who wanted one, and to make...

FTP Commands and Replies We end this section with a brief discussion of some of the more common FTP com￾mands and replies. The commands, from client to server, and replies, from server to client, are sent across the control connection in 7-bit ASCII format. Thus, like HTTP commands, FTP...

File Transfer: FTP In a typical FTP session, the user is sitting in front of one host (the local host) and wants to transfer files to or from a remote host. In order for the user to access the remote account, the user must provide a user identification and a pass￾word. After providing this...

Web Caching A Web cache—also called a proxy server—is a network entity that satisfies HTTP requests on the behalf of an origin Web server. The Web cache has its own disk storage and keeps copies of recently requested objects in this storage.

UDP is a no-frills, lightweight transport protocol, providing minimal services. UDP is connectionless, so there is no handshaking before the two processes start to communicate. UDP provides an unreliable data transfer service—that is, when a process sends a message into a UDP socket, UDP...

Neither TCP nor UDP provide any encryption—the data that the sending process pass￾es into its socket is the same data that travels over the network to the destination process. So, for example, if the sending process sends a password in cleartext (i.e., unencrypted) into its socket, the...

transport protocol can provide an application with one or more security services. For example, in the sending host, a transport protocol can encrypt all data transmitted by the sending process, and in the receiving host, the transport-layer protocol can decrypt the data before delivering the...

A network application consists of pairs of processes that send messages to each other over a network. For example, in the Web application a client browser process exchanges messages with a Web server process. In a P2P file-sharing sys￾tem, a file is transferred from a process in one peer to a...

Physical Layer While the job of the link layer is to move entire frames from one network element to an adjacent network element, the job of the physical layer is to move the individ￾ual bits within the frame from one node to the next. The protocols in this layer are again link dependent and...

Link Layer The Internet’s network layer routes a datagram through a series of routers between the source and destination. To move a packet from one node (host or router) to the next node in the route, the network layer relies on the services of the link layer. In particular, at each node...

Network layer The Internet’s network layer is responsible for moving network-layer packets known as datagrams from one host to another. The Internet transport-layer proto￾col (TCP or UDP) in a source host passes a transport-layer segment and a destina￾tion address to the network layer, just as...

Transport layer The Internet’s transport layer transports application-layer messages between application endpoints. In the Internet there are two transport protocols, TCP and UDP, either of which can transport application-layer messages. TCP provides a connection-oriented service to its...

Application layer The application layer is where network applications and their application-layer proto￾cols reside. The Internet’s application layer includes many protocols, such as the HTTP protocol (which provides for Web document request and transfer), SMTP (which pro￾vides for the...

Protocol layering To provide structure to the design of network protocols, network designers organize protocols—and the network hardware and software that implement the protocols— in layers. Each protocol belongs to one of the layers, just as each function in the airline architecture in...